Caffered ceilings nyob rau hauv lub sab hauv ntawm lub tsev tsis yog ib tug invention ntawm niaj hnub designers. Lawv tau siv los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm Hellas, Ancient Rome, Renaissance, tau dhau los ua txoj hauv kev hloov pauv mus ntev thiab niaj hnub no lawv tau nyob hauv qee qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm niaj hnub interiors.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev tsim ntawm thaj chaw nrog caissons tam sim no tau poob nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom lub qab nthab, nws tau raug kho dua tshiab thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub architecture ntawm antiquity, caissons tsis yog ua nyob rau hauv lub tob ntawm lub overlapping qauv, tab sis yog tsim artificially, los ntawm bulkheads los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv. Kev lees paub, kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim qab nthab no yog xav tau los ntawm ob tus tswv tsev thiab cov neeg tsim qauv.
Lub qab nthab yog dab tsi?
Lo lus "caisson" yog qiv los ntawm Fabkis. Nws txhais li "box". Outwardly, caissons tuaj yeem sib txawv, tab sis, raws li txoj cai, peb tab tom tham txog ib qho chaw uas tau muab faib ua vaj huam sib luag los ntawm cov kab ntoo cuav thiab jumpers ntawm lawv. Xws li cov qauv tsim zoo li qub hauv cov chav nrog cov qab nthab siab, ntxiv aristocracy thiab elegance rau lawv.
Coffered ceilings ua los ntawm cov khoom ntoo zoo li kim heev, muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, txawm hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem no thiab nws cov kev teeb tsa yuav muaj ntau heev. Qhov no yog ib qho kev tsim, uas tseem hu ua lacunar, nrog ntau yam recesses, hlwb thiab kab teeb. Nws muaj ntau qhov chaw, uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov duab puag ncig.
Kev tsim lub qab nthab hauv chav nyob, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam kab teeb tsa, kev hloov pauv ntawm phab ntsa, cov ntsiab lus stucco thiab pleev xim rau ntawm lub qab nthab.
New design
Hnub no, qhov tsim ntawm lub qab nthab yog rov qab rau hauv kev zam. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, cov qauv caisson tau ua kom muaj ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig:
- daws qhov teeb meem ntawm lub suab pov thawj;
- zais cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus engineering;
- disguise nto defects;
- txhim kho acoustics.
Thaum ntxov, cov qauv zoo li no tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab kos lossis stucco. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias qee hom kev kho kom zoo nkauj no tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim lub qab nthab hauv chav nyob, kawm, chav noj mov. Ntau zaus, cov kab teeb yooj yim yog siv. Qhov no tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lawv cov tsos, tab sis tso cai rau lawv sib haum xeeb haum rau sab hauv.
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm coffered ceilings, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob qho tib si thaum lawv tsim thiab niaj hnub no, yog lawv lub peev xwm los muab cov qauv tsim ntawm chav tsev kom nruj nruj. qhov zoo tshaj plaws caissonssaib hauv chav siab. Yog hais tias lub qab nthab qhov siab tsawg tshaj li 2.5 meters, nws yog zoo dua tsis siv xws li ib tug txheej. Sab hauv style ntawm chav tsev yuav tsum tau muab coj mus rau hauv tus account. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv feem ntau niaj hnub style, xws li ceilings saib tawm ntawm qhov chaw.
Type of coffered ceilings
Hnub no, cov qauv hauv qab no feem ntau siv:
- MDF qab nthab. Qhov kev xaiv no yog tus nqi pheej yig thiab tib lub sijhawm zoo ua raws li cov txheej txheem ntoo. Nrog kev txhim kho kom zoo ntawm coffered ceilings los ntawm MDF panels, nthuav thiab thawj tsim tau txais. Ntxiv nrog rau cov nqi qis, cov txheej txheem zoo li no yooj yim rau nruab. tsis zoo li cov qauv ntoo, piv txwv li. Qhov tsis zoo muaj xws li kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo rau cov dej noo, nce flammability thiab tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
- Plasterboard qab nthab. Lwm qhov kev xaiv uas tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov peev nyiaj. Feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov chav nrog high ceilings thiab loj qhov rais, decorated nyob rau hauv ib tug classic style. Feem ntau, cov phab ntsa ntub dej tau muab nrog cov teeb pom kev ntxiv.
- Polyurethane qab nthab. Lawv cov yam ntxwv txawv yog qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi siab. Qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv tsim muaj xws li symmetry ntawm qhov chaw, tsis tshua muaj flammability, ntau yam xim thiab tsis kam mus ya raws. Nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub qab nthab polyurethane tuaj yeem yooj yim heev lossis nyuaj heev. Polyurethane qab nthab caissons uas haum raws qhov ntev ntawm koj lub qab nthab tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim rau txoj haujlwm.
- Cardboard qab nthab. Cov ntawv tsim kho yog cov khoom siv nrov rau cov qab nthab. Beams assembled los ntawm nws yog mounted siv ntoo kua nplaum. Mounted beams tuaj yeem txuas nrog zaj duab xis uas ua raws li kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo.
- Thiab thaum kawg, cov classic version - ntoo coffered ceilings. Xws li cov qauv tsim muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj - cov ntoo ntuj zoo li zoo nkauj thiab tsim kom muaj huab cua tshwj xeeb hauv chav. Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li, thiab yog li nws tuaj yeem siv hauv tsev yam tsis muaj kev ntshai. Feem ntau, xws li coffered qab nthab yog ua los ntawm ntoo qhib, tshauv, walnut. Qee zaum cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj thiab kim dua kuj tau siv. Cov qauv zoo li no zais txhua qhov tsis zoo hauv lub qab nthab, nrog rau kev sib txuas lus. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo coffered ceilings suav nrog lawv cov nqi siab, uas nyob ntawm cov khoom xaiv thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm kev teeb tsa.
Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov pom ntawm tus nqi qis. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau yuav cov ntoo uas tsis tshua kim, uas tom qab ntawd kho nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb - stain.
yog dab tsi yog ntoo stain
Qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv zoo heev uas pab kom hloov pauv sab hauv kom sai thiab ua tau zoo. Stain tuaj yeem sib sib zog nqus cov xim ntawm cov ntoo thiab qhia txog nws cov cim tshwj xeeb. Cov xim ntau yam ntawm stain rau ntoo yog dav heev, yog li koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tsom mus rau kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo, tab sis kuj hloov nws cov xim heev.
Nyob stain
Nyob ntawm cov khoom uas tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj ntau ntau hom stain:
- Dej. Cov txheej txheem no yog kev lag luam, tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb hauv kev thov, thiab pheej yig. Cov khoom yog non-toxic thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw tsw. Nws yog rau cov laj thawj no uas feem ntau siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv. Nto dries hauv 12 teev xwb.
- cawv stain. Ib tug feature ntawm no muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ceev kom qhuav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv rau kev ua ntoo ntawm txoj kev. Xyuas kom muaj qhov cua zoo thaum ua haujlwm sab hauv tsev.
- Roj stain. Lub hauv paus ntawm no muaj pes tsawg leeg yog linseed roj. Nws yog diluted nrog dawb ntsuj plig. Qhov stain no tso cai rau koj muab cov ntoo ntawm ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog siv tau yooj yim, nkag mus tob rau hauv ntoo, thiab tiv thaiv nws zoo los ntawm ya raws.
- Ntxhais stains. Eco-phooj ywg thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas txiav txim siab lawv cov nqi siab. Lawv yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog rau painting ntoo nto, tab sis kuj rau kev kho ntawm ntoo coatings.
- Gels yog hom tuab tshaj plaws. Lawv tsim nyog rau kev ua cov softwoods. Rau daim ntawv thov, tshwj xeeb swabs yog siv. Feem ntau cov gels siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov.
- Acrylic stains. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog acrylic dispersion. Muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm emulsions, uas yog yooj yim siv rau saum npoo. Cov ntoo kho tsis ploj thaum raug tshav ntuj thiab khaws cov xim saturation ntev.
- Beitz yog hom ntoo tshwj xeeb. Ntawm lawv lub hauv paus- dyes thiab pigments, organic solvents. Xws li cov txheej txheem qhuav sai sai thiab muab lub ntsej muag ploj, txawm tias ntxoov ntxoo.
Hnub no, cov xim ntawm cov ntoo stain tau nthuav tawm hauv cov khw muag khoom hauv ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo (los ntawm dawb mus rau xim dub), uas yuav tso cai rau koj los tsim ib qho qub thiab sophisticated sab hauv.
Npaj theem: cov tswv yim tsim
Raws li txoj cai, kev tsim cov qab nthab coffered tau ntseeg los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Qhov no yog to taub: ib tug ntoo qauv yuav tsum tau haum zoo heev, thiab muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv nws, yog li ntawd rau ib tug amateur xws li kev ua hauj lwm tej zaum yuav nyuaj heev. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshaj lij tsis pom zoo kom siv cov qauv zoo li no hauv cov chav uas tsis tshua muaj qab nthab, qee tus tswv ntawm cov chav no npau suav ntawm lub qab nthab hauv nqe lus nug. Cov neeg tsim qauv hauv cov ntaub ntawv no pom zoo xaiv cov thinnest panels ntawm lub teeb ntxoov ntxoo.
Thaum ua lub qab nthab ntoo coffered, ua raws li txoj cai dav dav: chav dav dav dua, koj yuav xav tau kab teeb ntau dua rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj. Tsis txhob npaj cov qauv zoo li no hauv cov chav uas tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov rooj tog zaum tsaus, vim tias koj yuav raug kev tsim txom thiab tsis kaj siab.
Pib
Ua ntej, kos ib daim duab kos thiab txiav txim siab qhov sib xyaw ntawm lub qab nthab yav tom ntej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov siab thiab sab hauv ntawm chav tsev. Txhawm rau xam seb koj xav tau cov khoom siv ntau npaum li cas rau lub qab nthab ua los ntawm cov ntoo, koj yuav tsum tsim cov duab kos, nco ntsoov qhov chaw ntawm daim phiaj ntawm nws.
Mus rau cov khoom hauvkhw, nqa nrog koj. Thov nco ntsoov tias lub qab nthab yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo wallpaper. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim heev canvases lossis wallpaper nrog tus qauv. Cov kws tshaj lij xav txog lub teeb wallpaper yog qhov kev xaiv yeej-yeej. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum xaiv cov blanks uas koj lub qab nthab coffered yuav muaj. Txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog yuav cov khoom sib cais, uas yuav dhau los ua caissons uas tau txuas rau lub qab nthab. Lub suab ntawm caissons txawv ntawm 80 mus rau 100 centimeters.
Tsim lub qab nthab ua los ntawm cov ntoo hauv cov chav loj lossis chav nyob, raws li txoj cai, ntoo qhib, ntoo thuv thiab lwm yam ntoo ntuj raug siv, hauv lwm qhov chaw nyob, chipboard (chipboard) siv tau. Cov ntaub ntawv no yooj yim dua rau kev thov thiab txheej txheem.
Yog tias cov khoom siv ntxiv nrog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim, ntoo qhib lossis beech veneer, nws yuav tau txais kev ntxhib los mos thiab zoo nkauj heev. Ntxiv nrog rau lub teeb ci ntsa iab thiab ntoo, koj yuav xav tau cov kua nplaum ntoo zoo, cov xim pleev xim, pom, rau tes, tus pas ntsuas thiab square ua haujlwm nrog.
kab teeb cuav
Cov cuab yeej ntawm lub qab nthab coffered yog tsis yooj yim sua yam tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus nthuav dav - kev txhawb nqa kab teeb nrog cov txheej txheem zoo li lub thawv: lawv tau tsau rau ntawm lub qab nthab, tsim cov khoom zoo nkauj raws li cov duab kos.
Cov ntsiab lus no yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom ntoo: cedar, spruce, larch, ntoo thuv. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ntoo cuav kab teeb, koj tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tsim ib qho kev tsim tshwj xeeb, tab sis tseem zais cov xov hlau, nrog rau cov teeb meem hauv pem teb. Raws li txoj cai, kev nyiam yog muab rau hom coniferous, txij li cov khoom siv ntoo yog kim dua. Yog xav tau, koj tuaj yeem xajOak ntsiab - lawv txawv ntawm lub zog, durability, zoo, tab sis kuj yog tus nqi siab dua.
Ntxiv rau cov ntoo ntuj, cov kab hluav taws tsis tseeb yog tsim los ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv. Ntxiv mus, ib qho zoo imitation ntawm ntuj beams ntawm lub qab nthab tej zaum outperforms khoom ntoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm practicality thiab zoo nkauj. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob muaj xws li: ua los ntawm phab ntsa qhuav, polystyrene, polyurethane. Feem ntau siv cov ntawv ntawm chipboard thiab fiberboard. Ntau zaus tsawg dua, cov kab hlau yog siv los ua cov xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm ntoo.
kev npaj nto
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau ntau dua ntawm kev kho cov ntaub ntawv, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau primed. Yog hais tias lub primer yog absorbed heev, ces tom qab ziab, npog lub nto nrog ib tug thib ob txheej. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom gluing wallpaper hauv qab coffered ceilings. Xaiv cov canvases nrog kev ntxhib los mos.
Grid layout
Txhawm rau ua tiav txoj haujlwm no, koj yuav xav tau cov xim av nplaum, ib lub xwmfab thiab daim kab xev ntsuas los kos daim phiaj uas cov kab teeb ntawm lub qab nthab yuav raug teeb tsa. Koj phau ntawv qhia yuav tsum yog daim duab kos ua ntej kev teeb tsa.
ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm ob sab ntawm chav tsev, faib txhua qhov ntev hauv ib nrab kom pom qhov nruab nrab ntawm chav. Kos qhov chaw no nrog chalk thiab txuas rau sab nraud ntawm chav nrog ib kab. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub ntsiab beams yuav. Kos nrog chalk rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lawv qhov kawg thiab kos kab raws lub qab nthab, txuas cov ntsiab lus no.
Qhov chaw ntawm lub ntsiab thiab cov kab hlaws yuav tsum raug cim. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov lawv qhov dav kom paub meej qhov loj ntawm lub pob tw pob qij txha thiab cov panels. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag, lawv cov duab thiab tus lej yog nyob ntawm koj.
Txoj kab teeb
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev teeb tsa lub qab nthab ntoo, vim tias tag nrho cov tsos ntawm lub qab nthab nyob ntawm seb ua tib zoo ua haujlwm li cas. Raws li peb tau hais lawm, cov kab teeb tuaj yeem ua rau hollow, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas koj tuaj yeem yooj yim nkaum hluav taws xob thaiv, kav dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv lawv. Yog tias koj siv cov ntoo joists, nws raug nquahu kom lawv muab cov xov hlau txuas.
Yog tias koj ua haujlwm ib leeg, ua tus T-puab txhawb nqa tawm ntawm cov ntoo slats (qab nthab qhov siab rho tawm cov nqaj). Nws yuav tuav ib kawg ntawm lub nqaj thaum koj ua haujlwm ntawm lwm qhov. Nruab kab teeb nyob ib puag ncig ntawm chav tsev, nrog rau qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm lawv ntsia ua ntej. Nyob rau hauv ib chav square lossis irregularly zoo li tus, pib los ntawm kev muab nws perpendicular mus rau cov khoom txhawb nqa kom ua tiav cov khoom sib txuas.
Siv lub tshuab pneumatic, ntsia lub nqaj ntawm qhov deb ntawm tsis pub tshaj 30 cm. Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraud kuj raug kho. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm txhua sab ntawm chav tsev nruab nrab ntawm cov kab teeb thiab npaj cov khoom siv rau sab transverse. Lawv kuj raug kho rau lub qab nthab. Tom qab lub perimeter tiav lawm, lub ntsiab longitudinal ntsiab yog ntsia raws li lub markup.
ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub ntsiabkab teeb thiab tom qab ntawd txiav cov transverse ntawm qhov xav tau loj. Lawv raug ntsia zoo ib yam ntawm cov haujlwm uas tau teev tseg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog rau cov qauv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tuav tus ntsia hlau ntawm lub kaum sab xis 45 degree ze ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm lub ntsiab thiab hla kab thiab tsav tus ntsia hlau mus rau hauv kab hlaws ntawm lub kaum sab xis.
Qab nthab plinth
Yog tias cov duab ntawm caisson thiab nws qhov tob tiag tiag yog tsim los ntawm qhov siab thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov profile ntawm kab teeb, ces qhov pom qhov tob thiab ciam teb ntawm caisson yog tsim siv lub qab nthab plinth. Ntawm ib qho ntawm caissons, ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm txhua sab. Yog tias qhov sib txawv tau tsim ntawm kab teeb thiab lub qab nthab, tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub qab nthab, coj qhov siab no rau hauv tus account qhov loj ntawm lub plinth.
Txiav lub qab nthab plinth kom ntev li ntev tau. Txiav tawm 45 ° kaum ntawm txhua sab. Ib qho los ntawm ib qho, teeb tsa cov phiaj xwm, ua ntej lubricated nrog ntoo kua nplaum, thiab ruaj ntseg rau cov kab teeb.
Qee zaum, nws yooj yim dua los sib sau txhua lub thawv plinth cais thiab tom qab ntawd nruab nws tag nrho hauv caisson. Hauv qhov no, cov kua nplaum yog siv los sib sau ua ke lub thawv plinth. Xyuas kom nws haum zoo thiab nplaum lub hauv paus. Ruaj nws rau cov kab teeb nrog cov ntsia hlau hauv txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub thawv.
Ceiling trim
Them kawg hauv kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntoo coffered qab nthab, uas tso cai rau koj muab qhov chaw tiav, nrog rau zais qhov tsis sib xws, yog tias muaj. Sau tag nrho cov khoob thiab cov pob qij txha ntawm kab teeb, qab nthab panels thiab baseboard nrog latex sealant. Npog cov ntsia hlau taub hau nrog ntoo putty thiab spatula.
Kho kom zoo nkauj
Lub qab nthab coffeed zoo li nthuav tawm yog tias muaj kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj ntxiv rau nws:
- tsom teeb. Yog tias koj xav kom lub qab nthab saib hauv qab qhov siab ntawm kab teeb, xav txog kev txhim kho cov teeb pom kev zoo. Lawv txo qhov siab thiab tsim ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev xaiv no yog tsim rau cov chav dav dav nrog cov qab nthab siab.
- Medallions. Yog tias koj tab tom npaj siv lub qab nthab chandelier, npaj ib qho khoom plig rau hauv qhov chaw no. Nws yuav hais txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teeb thiab kos xim rau nws.
