Rau txhua qhov kev tsim kho koj xav tau lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab txhim khu kev qha. Txawm tias ib qho qauv yooj yim li lub laj kab, yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus. Tau kawg, qee tus tswv ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug tsis quav ntsej qhov yuav tsum tau ua - qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv tsuas yog tsim cov kev txhawb nqa. Tab sis tseem, feem ntau sim ua raws li txhua txoj cai. Lub hauv paus rau lub laj kab corrugated yog yooj yim heev los ua. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias daim ntawv profiled muaj qhov loj me, thiab yog li tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntau dhau.
laj kab yog dab tsi?
Ib lub laj kab (laj kab) yog ib qho qauv tsim los tiv thaiv cov tsev neeg ntiag tug los ntawm cov neeg intruders thiab ntau yam xwm txheej. Daim ntawv profiled yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm laj kab ntau zaus - tom qab tag nrho, nws muaj peev xwm xaiv tej xim. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tag nrho, cov nplooj ntawv tsis tas yuav tsum tau pleev xim.
Tab sis kom nyab xeebib lub laj kab los ntawm ib daim ntawv profiled yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov zoo. Tom ntej no, peb xav txog ntau yam kev xaiv rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus rau fencing los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv profiled. Tom qab tag nrho, ntau tus xav paub, dab tsi yog lub hauv paus zoo tshaj plaws rau lub laj kab corrugated siv?
Pillars
Nov yog lub hauv paus, uas muaj ob peb tus ncej, uas lub laj kab web fastened. Cov kauj ruam ntawm kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1-5 m, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov cua ntawm lub laj kab. Qhov tseeb, qhov load ntawm lub hauv paus yog nyob ntawm qhov windage ntawm lub laj kab. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov loj ntawm cov nplooj ntawv thiab cov ncej yog me me.
Txoj cai yooj yim thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho: qhov siab dua qhov cua ntawm lub laj kab, qhov me me ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa. Nws raug tso cai rau nruab ib lub laj kab ua los ntawm corrugated board ntawm lub hauv paus cib - qhov no yog ib hom kev txhawb nqa columnar. Muaj tseeb tiag, tus nqi ntawm lub hauv paus no yuav siab dua li ntawm lub pob zeb.
Monolithic Foundation
Hauv kev tsim cov qauv no, cov kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej ntawm pob zeb uas tau muab tso rau hauv av. Tus nqi ntawm kev tsim lub hauv paus hom no yog qhov siab heev. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov laj kab hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov av swampy. Ntawm hom av ib txwm, nws tsis tsim nyog siv cov qauv tsim. Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub laj kab los ntawm corrugated board nrog lub hauv paus ntawm hom no yog tias koj xav tau cov qauv tsim kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws thiab tsisxav txog kev nqis peev.
Rubble base
Lub hauv paus yog tsim los ntawm kev txhawb nqa, pob zeb thiab pob zeb pob zeb. Lub hauv paus muaj zog thiab txhim khu kev qha. Tab sis muaj ib tug caveat. Yog tias koj tab tom tsim ib lub laj kab los ntawm cov khoom kim heev, ces nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab siv hom ntawm lub hauv paus. Yog tias koj npaj yuav ua ib lub laj kab los ntawm ib daim ntawv profiled, ces nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab los ua lub hauv paus pob zeb tsuas yog tias muaj ntau cov pob zeb dawb dawb. Hauv qhov no, nws tsis yooj yim los tsim lub hauv paus rubble rau lub laj kab corrugated nrog koj tus kheej tes. Thiab yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrhiav khoom.
Strip foundation
Nov yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv pheej yig thiab txhim khu kev qha. Lub hauv paus yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas yuav ua lub laj kab. Fasteners rau kev txhim kho ib daim ntawv profiled kuj tau mounted rau hauv lub hauv paus. Kev tsim tus kheej ntawm lub hauv paus sawb tau tso cai.
YYuav ua li no, khawb ib lub trench, ib lub hauv ncoo ntawm xuab zeb thiab pob zeb muab tso rau hauv qab, ces ib tug grate ntawm reinforcement. Nco ntsoov coj mus rau hauv tus account ib nuance - daim kab xev yog nchuav rau hauv ib qho mus. Yuav tsum tsis pub muaj sijhawm poob haujlwm.
Strip and column foundation and screw piles
Ib daim kab xev-kem qauv yog tib daim kab xev ua los ntawm pob zeb, tab sis nrog qee cov kauj ruam nws muaj ncej. Tus nqi ntawm cov qauv tsim yuav yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm daim kab xev yooj yim. Tab sis nws txoj kev ntseeg siab kuj siab dua. Ib hom kev sib cais ntawm lub hauv paus yog ntsia hlau pawg. Lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov av. Tsuas muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb - rau kev tsim kho koj yuav tsum tau ntiav cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tab sis kev txhim kho lub laj kab corrugated nrog lub hauv paus ntawm hom no tuaj yeem tsim nyog yog tias kev tsim kho tau ua tiav, piv txwv li, hauv thaj chaw swampy.
Kev tsim lub hauv paus sawb: kev npaj ua haujlwm
Kev npaj ua haujlwm yuav tsis siv sijhawm ntau - koj tsis tas yuav ua tib zoo tshem lub xaib. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag thiab cov khib nyiab hauv txhua qhov chaw raws li daim kab xev hauv paus yuav dhau mus. Tom qab ntawd, nruab cov ceg txheem ntseeg nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum ntawm lub laj kab thiab hauv cov chaw uas lub rooj vag thiab rooj vag yuav nyob. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov chaw uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab. Thaum koj muab tag nrho cov pegs, koj tuaj yeem rub ib txoj hlua siv los yog hlua yooj yim ntawm lawv. Thiab tam sim no cia peb mus rau yuav ua li cas ua lub hauv paus rau lub laj kab corrugated nrog koj tus kheej tes.
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum khawb ib lub trench raws tag nrho ntev ntawm lub laj kab yav tom ntej. Qhov dav yuav tsum yog tib yam li lub hauv paus yav tom ntej - txog 30-35 cm, tsis muaj qhov taw tes ua ntau dua. Trench qhov tob - 0.5-0.7 m. Tag nrho cov phab ntsa trench yuav tsum tau leveled thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias lawv yog ntsug.
Lub hauv qab tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ntsuas - tseem yuav tau uaxuab zeb cushion, uas yuav du tawm tag nrho cov pob. Hauv cov chaw uas nws tau npaj los txhim kho kev txhawb nqa, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom rov ua haujlwm nrog kev xyaum.
Pillow Arrangement
Vim lub hauv ncoo ntawm pob zeb thiab xuab zeb, thaum cov av hnyav, lub hauv paus yuav nyob twj ywm. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tso cai rau koj kom nce lub zog ntawm cov qauv. Ua ib lub hauv ncoo yog yooj yim heev - rau qhov no, ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb (tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 cm) yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv qab ntawm lub trench. Txhawm rau cog cov txheej no, koj yuav tsum ncuav xuab zeb nrog dej. Tom qab ntawd theem lub hauv ncoo thiab sau cov pob zeb hauv tib txoj kev. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov cuab yeej vibration rau ramming. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov kua ua vaj tse los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv av, nws raug nquahu kom nteg ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej rau saum lub hauv ncoo. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas koj tsis npaj yuav insulate lub hauv paus, nws yog tsim nyog nteg ib txheej ntawm waterproofing cov ntaub ntawv rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub trench.
Txoj kev txhawb zog ntawm lub hauv paus
Vim qhov kev txhawb nqa, koj yuav ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv paus rau qhov khoov uas tshwm sim thaum cua ua rau lub laj kab. Txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, koj yuav xav tau:
- Muab cov cib tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub trench - lawv yuav ua li hauv ob sab phlu. Sab saum toj ntawm cib yuav tsum yog 5-8 cm los ntawm hauv qab ntawm trench.
- Tom ntej no, nteg cov khoom txhawb nqa. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom siv nrog lub cheeb ntawm 8-10 mm. Qhov deb ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub trench yog li 7-10 cm.
- Kab rov tav bar yuav tsum tsis txhob ncav cuag phab ntsa ntawm trench - nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom lawv nyob raudeb ntawm 3-4 cm ntawm lawv.
- Qhov twg cov kab hla hla thiab kab ntev sib tshuam, koj kuj yuav tsum muab cov kab ntsug. Kauj Ruam - 0.5 m, qhov siab ntawm cov khoom txhawb nqa yuav tsum yog 5 cm tsawg dua qhov siab ntawm lub hauv paus.
- Txhua txoj kab ntsug thiab kab rov tav yuav tsum tau khi nrog hlau. Vuam tsis pom zoo - cov seams yuav xeb thiab tawg sai heev.
- Yog tias tsim nyog, ua ob peb kab ntawm kab rov tav.
Qhov no ua tiav qhov kev txhawb nqa, koj tuaj yeem pib sib sau ua ke.
Formwork rau foundation
Formwork tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias los ntawm plywood - qhov no yog cov khoom siv uas tso cai rau koj los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub hauv paus. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias tus nqi ntawm plywood yog ntau dua li ntawm edged boards. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ua ntej yam khoom koj yuav siv. Yog tias koj nres ntawm plywood, ces cov nplooj ntawv yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov tuav (los ntawm sab nraud). Tom qab ntawd muab lawv tso rau hauv ib lub trench thiab muab lawv tso rau hauv lub dav hlau ntsug.
Cov formwork yuav tsum tau ua li ntawm 20-25 cm saum toj no hauv av, nco ntsoov tso spacers rau hauv thiaj li hais tias lub plywood tsis txav mus rau hauv lub siab ntawm pob zeb. Sab nraud, nws tseem yuav tsum tau tso tseg thiab txhawb nqa - lawv yuav tsis tso cai rau cov formwork deform. Thov nco ntsoov tias thaum sib dhosformwork los ntawm edged boards, tsis pub dhau.
Pob zeb mortar
Ua ntej koj pib nchuav, hauv qhov chaw uas muaj qhov chaw so, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov ncej. Nco ntsoov xyuas lawv cov verticality, thiab tom qab ntawd kho lawv kom ruaj ntseg. Qhob yog nchuav rau hauv ob peb kauj ruam:
- Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau sau cov pits uas cov ncej tau teeb tsa. Ua li no, siv cov tshuaj npaj los ntawm cov cement, gravel thiab xuab zeb. Nco ntsoov compact lub pob zeb tom qab pouring - rau lub hom phiaj no, siv lub vibrator los yog ib tug hlau bar. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua punctures hauv ntau qhov chaw - lawv yuav tso cai rau koj kom tshem tawm cov huab cua hauv cov pob zeb tov. Tau kawg, qhov no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus.
- theem ob yog sau tag nrho cov trench nrog mortar. Tab sis tsis txhob ntxiv gravel rau nws, tsuas yog cement thiab xuab zeb. Raws li cov ncej, foob.
Nco ntsoov lub saum npoo ntawm cov pob zeb yuav tsum tau leveled thiab npog nrog ib txheej ntawm waterproofing - txawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv yog haum rau qhov no. Nws yuav tiv thaiv lub hauv paus los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm nag lossis daus. Tab sis kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab yas kuj raug tso cai. Yog tias kev tsim kho tshwm sim nyob rau hauv huab cua kub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis tu ncua dej cov pob zeb nrog dej - qhov no yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tawg.
Txoj kev tshem tawm
Kev tshem tawm ntawm daim ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tsis pub dhau 7 hnub tom qab nchuav pob zeb. Txhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo zoo kom tsis txhob ua kom cov npoo ntawm lub hauv paus puas. Tom qab dismantling lub formwork, lub hauv paus yuav tsum sawv ntsug tsawg kawg yog ib lub hlis kom cov pob zeb muaj zog. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub laj kab los ntawm corrugated board ntawm lub hauv paus sawb.
