Lub qab nthab yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub tsev tsim. Xws li txoj kev ntaiv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, tus tsim ntawm lub sam thiaj, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum yooj yim thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev txav. Yuav luag ib txwm, cov ntaiv no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev txhim khu kev qha.
laj kab yuav ua li cas
Railings, zoo li porches lawv tus kheej, tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Feem ntau, txoj kev stairs hauv peb lub teb chaws yog fenced, ntawm chav kawm, nrog hlau railings. Cov qauv zoo li no txhim khu kev qha, muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab pheej yig.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub ru tsev railings feem ntau yog ntoo. Cov qauv zoo li no tsis kav ntev npaum li cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv raug nqi cov tswv tsev txawm tias pheej yig dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntoo railings kuj yooj yim los dhos.
Lwm hom laj kab laj kab laj kab yog pob zeb. Qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom railing no suav nrog kev nyuaj ntawm erection. Cov laj kab laj kab raug nqi rau cov tswv tsevkim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem kav ntev dua hlau lossis ntoo.
Kuj qee zaum, cov railings ntawm lub porches ntawm lub tsev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cib. Hom laj kab no yog qhov kim tshaj plaws. Qhov zoo ntawm cib railings muaj xws li lub neej ntev kev pab cuam thiab lub zog, zoo nkauj tsos.
Ntau yam hlau railings
Cov laj kab no, dhau los, tuaj yeem faib raws li hom khoom siv rau kev tsim thiab tsim. Porch railings tuaj yeem welded:
- ntawm cov hlau zoo tib yam;
- stainless hlau.
Thawj hom laj kab tuaj yeem muaj ob qho tib si tsim qauv yooj yim thiab nyuaj heev. Piv txwv li, forged railings ntawm txoj kev stairs saib tsuas yog luxurious nyob rau hauv suburban cheeb tsam. Cov tswv ntawm cov tsev loj zoo nkauj feem ntau xaiv xws li laj kab rau lub ru tsev. Nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem pom forged railings, qhov zoo li, ntawm chav kawm, tsis tuaj yeem tab sis impress.
Stainless steel railings feem ntau muaj cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim. Ib ntus kov cov hlau tsis muaj qab nthab railing, piv txwv li, tsis tsim nyog.
Ntau yam ntoo railings
Cov qauv zoo li no yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov laug cam. Ntoo railings txawv tsuas yog hauv kev tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev zoo tib yam, lub ru tsev railings ntawm no hom ntawm qhov yooj yim tsim yog feem ntau mounted.
Hauv tsev thiab lojcov tsev uas muaj qhov zoo nkauj sab nrauv tuaj yeem ntsia tau cov railings ntawm txoj kev ntaiv nrog cov ntsiab lus carved thiab curly balusters. Lub laj kab ntawm hom no feem ntau saib zoo nkauj heev thiab tuaj yeem kim heev.
Kev ua laj kab laj kab ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug ua los ntawm pob zeb
Cov qauv zoo li no tau nchuav rau hauv cov qauv siv cov cement mortar, uas cov tswv ntawm thaj chaw suburban feem ntau knead lawv tus kheej. Qhob railings feem ntau muaj cov tuab tuab thiab loj heev. Thaum pouring lawv, ntawm lwm yam, ib tug reinforcing tawb yog siv. Xws li railings yog mounted ib txhij nrog lub qab nthab nws tus kheej.
Qhob nws tus kheej, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog cov khoom siv zoo nkauj heev. Yog li ntawd, pob zeb railings nyob rau theem kawg, nyob rau hauv feem ntau, yog ntxiv lined nrog ib co zoo nkauj khoom. Feem ntau nws yog cov pobzeb tsim rau siv sab nraum zoov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov laj kab ua vaj tse nyob rau qee kis tuaj yeem pleev xim los yog sheathed nrog cov laug cam.
Txawm tias xav tau kev ua tiav ntxiv, cov pob zeb ua pob zeb sib piv nrog rau lwm yam ntawm cov qauv zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv tsim muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm pouring, lawv muaj peev xwm muab yuav luag txhua yam configuration.
Ntxiv rau cov monolithic, cov pob zeb ua vaj tse thiab cov qauv sib txawv me ntsis tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv cov cheeb tsam hauv nroog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub laj kab muaj ib tug handrail thiab xam loj balusters. Feem ntau, pob zeb railings ntawm no ntau yam yog pleev xim rau dawb. Lawv feem ntau yog mounted tsuas yog nyob rau hauv feem ntauloj cottages ntawm complex architecture. Nws yog qhov laj kab zoo li lub qab nthab hauv daim duab hauv qab no uas tau nthuav tawm rau koj mloog. Raws li koj tau pom, cov railings zoo li nplua nuj heev.
Brick railings
Cov laj kab zoo li no, dhau los, tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si silicate thiab ceramic lossis txawm tias cov cib zoo nkauj. Railings ntawm hom no yog mounted, zoo li cov pob zeb, tib lub sij hawm raws li lub sam thiaj nws tus kheej. Los ntawm bandaging cov seams nyob rau hauv lub masonry, lub stability thiab kev cia siab ntawm txoj kev staircase yog guaranteed.
Qee zaum, cov railings no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov vuas lossis ntoo. Tab sis feem ntau lawv saib zoo heev txawm tias tsis muaj kev sib cais. Tshwj xeeb, tau kawg, qhov no siv rau cov laj kab ua los ntawm ceramic thiab cov cib zoo nkauj.
Txoj cai xaiv railings
Cov railings tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cib, pob zeb, ntoo lossis hlau. Cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev feem ntau xaiv cov khoom siv rau railing raws li tus tsim ntawm txoj kev staircase nws tus kheej.
Cov laj kab cib, tau kawg, yog ua rau cib porches. Tib yam siv rau cov vaj tse pob zeb. Ntoo railings tuaj yeem ntsia tau raws cov npoo ntawm ob qho tib si pob zeb thiab cib txoj kev ntaiv. Rau porches, knocked los ntawm cov laug cam, laj kab ua los ntawm cov khoom siv, ntawm chav kawm, yog ib qho yuav luag indispensable. Qee lub sij hawm cov ntoo railings tseem raug ntsia rau ntawm txoj kev stairs.
Hlau laj kab railings, wrought los yog tiaj, kuj yuav mounted rau pob zeb,thiab ntawm cib marches. Ntawm cov ntoo railings, xws li railings yog yuav luag tsis ntsia. Feem ntau, hlau railings yog mounted, ntawm chav kawm, ntawm steel stairs.
Handrails
Cib thiab pob zeb railings, vim lawv feem ntau ntawm cov tuab tuab, xws li cov khoom siv feem ntau tsis muab. Tsuas yog qee zaum ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, kev txhawb nqa luv luv tau nruab rau saum thiab txuas nrog lub tes tuav. Thaum sib dhos ntoo porches, lub tes tuav feem ntau yog ua los ntawm 40 mm ntoo lossis ncej ntawm tib txoj kab uas hla. Cov qauv zoo li no suav tias yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los siv rau kev tuav tes ntawm tib neeg.
laj kab ntawm cov hlau porches, feem ntau, feem ntau muaj steel tuav. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub caij no feem ntau yog ntxiv sheathed on to top nrog ib tug nqaim board. Hlau, raws li koj paub, yog ib yam khoom uas muaj ib tug high degree ntawm thermal conductivity. Kov ib lub railing hlau hauv huab cua kub lossis txias yuav tsis zoo siab heev. Ntoo vaj huam sib luag tsis kub hauv lub hnub thiab tsis txias heev thaum huab cua txias.
SNiP standard
Kev tsim cov railings ntawm txoj kev stairs, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum txaus nyiam heev. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, txoj kev staircase yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas nws blends as harmoniously li sai tau nrog rau sab nrauv ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej.
Tab sis txhua lub qab nthab yuav tsum, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog tsuas yog zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj ua raws txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb. Hauv cov tsev ntiav, qhov siab ntawm railing tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Feem ntau, thaum xaiv qhov kev xaiv no, cov tswvCov tsev ntiav qis qis tsuas yog coj los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev.
Txawm li cas los xij, hais txog kev sib tw ntawm txoj kev ntaiv, muaj, ntawm lwm yam, qee yam SNiP cov qauv. Raws li cov kev cai uas twb muaj lawm, laj kab, piv txwv li, yuav tsum tau mounted rau porches yam tsis poob yog tias lawv muaj qhov siab tshaj peb kauj ruam.
Cov tswv tsev nyob qis qis yuav tsis ua raws li txoj cai no yog lawv xav tau. SNiP kuj tseem qhia tias qhov kev xav tau no tsis siv rau cov tsev neeg ntiag tug. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los muab lub laj kab rau lub laj kab ua los ntawm ntoo, hlau, cib lossis pob zeb nrog qhov siab ntawm ntau tshaj 3 kauj ruam, suav nrog hauv cov tsev qis. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov ntaiv sab nraum zoov muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub caij ntuj no hauv Russia tau paub tias yog frosty heev. Thiab nyob rau hauv huab cua txias, txoj kev stairs tuaj yeem tsuas yog npog nrog lub pob zeb ntawm cov dej khov. Yog tsis muaj railing, txav raws li qhov no yuav tsis yooj yim heev.
laj kab qhov siab raws li SNiP
Tau kawg, lub ru tsev railing ntawm ib lub tsev ntiav tsev yuav tsum ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov sib haum mus rau qhov siab ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub tsev. Lub tes tuav ntawm txoj kev staircase yuav tsum nyob ze ntawm theem ntawm lub hauv siab ntawm tus neeg nce lossis nqis nws.
Yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev yog qhov tseem ceeb, thaum xaiv qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab laj kab, koj tuaj yeem raug coj, ntawm lwm yam, yooj yim los ntawm cov qauv ntawm SNiP. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, railing ntawm txoj kev staircase yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 90 cm.lub qab nthab ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
Nyob hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem, cov railings ntawm txoj kev ntaiv feem ntau ua siab heev. Piv txwv li, hauv kindergartens ntawm txoj kev ntaiv, raws li SNiP qauv, qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab laj kab yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 120 cm.
Nyob nruab nrab ntawm balusters
Qee lub sij hawm cov railings ntawm lub porches ntawm lub teb chaws tsev thiab ntau lub koom haum pej xeem tau ntxiv nrog crossbars. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm longitudinal ntsiab txuas cov kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub laj kab. Nws yog cov crossbars uas feem ntau yog ua tiav los ntawm lub sam thiaj railings ua los ntawm stainless hlau. Xws li tus qauv yooj yim txuag ntawm cov khoom kim.
Forged railings nruab nrab ntawm lub tes tuav thiab lub peb hlis ntuj feem ntau sau nrog txhua yam ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj - hlau curls, paj, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus no ua rau txoj kev staircase, ntawm lwm yam, zoo nkauj heev.
Cov hlaws thiab cov khoom sib tsoo zoo heev kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg tsiv raws lub qab nthab. Tab sis feem ntau, railings ntawm txoj kev ntaiv yog ntxiv los ntawm ntsug balusters. Cov qauv zoo li no yuav luag txhua zaus siv, piv txwv li, ntawm cov porches ntoo. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov balusters, raws li SNiP qauv, yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 15 cm.
Hauv tsev ntiag tug, txoj cai no, tau kawg, kuj yog xaiv tau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev, kev txhim kho balusters, ntawm chav kawm, yog ntau zaus. Tsuas yog lub laj kab laj kab no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus menyuam. Balusters ntawm cov ntaivNyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv muab tso rau ze ze kom, thawj zaug, tus me nyuam tsis poob, thiab thib ob, nws tsis tuaj yeem lo nws lub taub hau ntawm cov ntsiab lus no thiab tau daig.
Ntawm qhov deb ntawm ntug ntawm tus ntaiv tau teeb tsa
Yog tias lub sam thiaj tau sib sau ua ke ntawm cov hlua, qhov kev ncua deb mus rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov kauj ruam los ntawm lub sam thiaj tsis muaj teeb meem tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias txoj kev staircase tau teeb tsa rau ntawm bowstrings, nws tseem tsim nyog txhim kho lub railing deb ntawm cov npoo ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj. Qhov no yuav muab kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv rau cov neeg nce ntaiv.
Thaum tsiv raws lub qab nthab, ib tug neeg feem ntau sim nyob ze ntawm lub railing. Yog hais tias lub laj kab yog nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj, tus ceg ntawm ib tug neeg nce mus rau lub stairs yuav yooj yim swb (thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog ib tug loj deb ntawm lub balusters), uas yuav ua rau raug mob. Ob leeg hlau thiab ntoo rooj tog yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm ntug.
Handrail Safety Requirements
Raws li twb tau hais lawm, lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sam thiaj tsim no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Tau kawg, rau cov tes tuav ntawm txoj kev ntaiv, koj yuav tsum siv cov ntoo ua tiav ua ntej lossis board, sanded nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo.
Lub tes tuav yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev khi qis-hauv tom kawg. Bolts feem ntau yog screwed rau hauv cov txheej txheem no los ntawm hauv qab no. Qee zaum, thaum sib sau ua ke, piv txwv li, qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws porches ntawm outbuildings, ib lub tes tuav tuaj yeem txuas rau bolts lossis rau tes los ntawm saum toj no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub kaus mom ntawm fasteners, ntawm chav kawm, xav tautog rau hauv ntoo. Txwv tsis pub, ib tug neeg nce lub qab nthab yuav ua rau nws txhais tes raug mob.
