Hauv thaj chaw niaj hnub no, lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tau siv ntau zuj zus los ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib txuas. Lawv txuag zog. Tab sis yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, nws puas txaus ntshai? Qhov tshwm sim no suav tias yog kev hem thawj rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov teeb pom kev zoo no, koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas rau qhov no.
Sab hauv muaj mercury vapor lossis mercury amalgam, cov khoom ntawm chav kawm 1 txaus ntshai: lawv nyob hauv lub raj thiab tawm yog tias nws txoj kev ncaj ncees raug ua txhaum cai. Yog li ntawd, yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, ces koj yuav tsum tau ua kev ntsuas kom nyab xeeb tshem nws.
Txoj kev zoo ntawm qhov muag teev
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom no yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Tam sim no qhov teeb meem ntawm kev them nyiaj rau cov kev pabcuam yog mob hnyav heev. Qhov nruab nrab nce siab tas li ntawm ib lub teeb.
- Durability. Piv nrog rau qhov muag teeb, lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob siv tau ntev dua.
- Tsawg cua sov dissipation. cais tawmmelting ib chandelier los yog teeb.
- Tshaj tawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. Lub teeb pom kev zoo teeb pom kev zoo rau qhov muag.
- Teeb pom kev los ntawm tus kheej nyiam. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv lub teeb sov daj lossis lub teeb txias xiav.
- Lub zog surges tsis cuam tshuam rau kav ntev.
Nrog ntau qhov zoo, cov khoom kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Yog tias tawg, cov teeb ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg. Cov teebmeem tsis zoo yuav hnyav dua yog tias ntau yam khoom puas lawm.
Txhais tau
Yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, vim li cas ho txaus ntshai? Mercury vapor tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob lom. Qhov no manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tes tshee, gingivitis, mob nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus paj hlwb. Yog tias qhov vapor concentration siab, ces qhov mob mercury lom yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no qhia tau tias tsis muaj zog, mob plab, ntuav, los ntshav cov pos hniav.
Mercury hauv lub xeev vapor yog suav tias yog qhov txaus ntshai rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, yog li koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas rau qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Ib lub teeb tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, kuv yuav ua li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia qhov xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm thaj chaw, khaub ncaws thiab khau.
Symptoms of poisoning
Yog tias koj ua raws li txoj cai kev nyab xeeb, kev phom sij los ntawm mercury vapor yog tsawg. Tab sis qee zaum qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tsis pom. Nws yuavyuav tshwm sim los yog hnub tom qab.
Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom muaj xws li hauv qab no:
- Kev qaug zog thiab mob taub hau sai sai. Nrog rau qhov muaj zog concentration ntawm cov tshuaj, tshee ntawm cov ntiv tes, convulsions tshwm sim.
- Kev cuam tshuam hauv plab zom mov - ntuav ntuav, mob plab hauv plab.
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tsis kis kab mob.
Lwm qhov teeb meem yog kev tshem tawm cov mercury ntawm lub cev mus ntev. Nrog tas li evaporation, nws accumulates. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj qee cov tsos mob saum toj no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Ntau mercury
Yog lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob hauv chav tsev tawg, mercury tuaj yeem tawm ntau npaum li cas? Ib lub noob muaj 1-400 mg ntawm cov tshuaj no. Yuav muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm vapor concentration siab dua 0.25 mg / cubic meter ntawm chav tsev. Raws li kev sib piv, muaj 2 g ntawm mercury nyob rau hauv tus pas ntsuas kub mercury.
Lub teeb pom kev hauv tsev thiab hauv Suav teb suav nrog mercury vapor, thiab cov khoom lag luam nyob sab Europe feem ntau siv cov mercury amalgam tsawg txaus ntshai - ib qho hlau nrog lwm cov hlau. Qhov phom sij ntawm ib lub teeb tawg yog qhov ntau dhau. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov kev ua kom tshem tawm qhov kev huam yuaj. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov khoom ntawm hom no.
Tus pas ntsuas kub mercury suav tias yog qhov teeb meem ntau dua, vim nws yog xim hlau mercury nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom me me yob hauv qab plinth, rau hauv cov kab nrib pleb, hauv qab rooj tog. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev huab cua lom tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv lub zog txuag teebmercury nyob rau hauv vapor daim ntawv, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nrhiav cov khoom nyob rau hauv pem teb.
Yuav tsum tau ua
Yuav ua li cas yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob hauv tsev tawg? Cov kauj ruam hauv qab no yuav tsum tau:
- Kaw qhov chaw, tshem tib neeg thiab tsiaj.
- Koj yuav tsum qhib qhov rais, tab sis kaw lub qhov rais hauv lwm chav kom tsis muaj cua ntsawj ntshab. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau ua. Vaporous mercury yuav tsum tawm hauv chav. Ua pa tsawg kawg yog 2 teev, nyiam dua 12-24 teev.
- Ncuav dej txias rau hauv hub, ntxiv poov tshuaj permanganate, yog tias muaj.
- Hnav hnab looj tes roj hmab lossis hnab yas ntawm koj txhais tes.
- Cov khoom seem tseem ceeb tau sau rau hauv lub thawv, suav nrog lub hauv paus.
- Cov iav me me, cov txheej txheej luminescent raug tshem tawm nrog cov ntaub ntub dej lossis paj rwb ntaub plaub, uas yog tsau rau saum npoo. Ib daim ntaub thiab paj rwb muab tso rau hauv ib lub hub dej.
- Lub hub yuav tsum raug kaw thiab tso rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj uas tsis yog qhov chaw nyob. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum ceeb toom rau Ministry of Emergency Situation, nrhiav pom tias cov khoom pov tseg tau xa mus qhov twg.
- Peb yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas txhua qhov chaw uas cov teeb tuaj yeem nkag mus.
- Hauv pem teb yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj chlorine thiab cov tshuaj soapy soda.
- Cia li da dej.
Yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, tsis tas yuav pov tseg cov khaub ncaws thiab khau. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntxuav txhua yam hauv lub phiab cais.
Nyob hauv cov ntaub pua plag
Yog lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob ntawm cov ntaub pua plag tawg, puas txaus ntshai? lub teeb hauv qhov norooj plaub yog txaus ntshai nrog cov iav me me uas tuaj yeem daig hauv pawg. Txhua daim ntawv ceeb toom yuav tsum tau sau raws li saum toj no.
Cov ntaub pua plag yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo twist thiab coj tawm mus rau qhov chaw uas tsis muaj neeg, piv txwv li, hauv hav zoov, co tawm lossis khob tawm cov khoom. Rau kev ntseeg tau, cov ntaub pua plag tawm sab nraum zoov rau ib hnub.
Twisting
Yuav ua li cas tshem lub hauv paus yog tias lub teeb tawg? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum de-energize lub teeb pom kev zoo. Yog tias xaim txuas nrog ob peb lub tswv yim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob raug tua tsuas yog hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Thaum tsis muaj lub sijhawm zoo li no, kev kaw haujlwm yog ua nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsev apartment. Yuav tsum muaj lub teeb uas muaj tus kheej, xws li lub teeb nyem. Yuav ua li cas unscrew lub teeb tawg yog tias tsuas yog lub hauv paus tseem? Qhov tawg hauv nruab nrab hauv lub hauv paus yog tawg ua ntej dismantling. Cov txheej txheem yog ua nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:
- Pliers. Lub ntug ntawm lub plinth yog tucked nrog pliers. Kev sib hloov ntawm qhov no yog counterclockwise. Hlau feem ntau sticks vim xeb. Hauv qhov no, qhov chaw puas tsuaj yog kho nrog cologne lossis lwm yam kua uas muaj cawv. Tom qab soaking, koj tuaj yeem unscrew ib feem.
- Kev sib tw. Txoj kev no tsis haum rau cov khoom siv tshiab ceramic. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov ntsiab lus carbolite, vim lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Twisting yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo, txhawb lub hauv paus nrog ib sab tes. Lub tog raj kheej yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm, muab faib ua 2 ntu.
- lub raj mis yas. Nws yuav tsum tau rhuab nyob rau hauv ib tug qhib nplaim taws kom txog thaum nws melts. Koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua haujlwm, txwv tsis pub kubyas tau rau ntawm koj daim tawv nqaij. Lub caj dab rhuab yuav tsum tau coj mus rau lub hauv paus hlau. Peb yuav tsum tos kom cov yas tawv, thiab ces rub lub teeb tawm ntawm lub cartridge.
- Champagne cork. Txoj kev no zoo ib yam li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus saum toj no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom cov npoo ntawm cork me ntsis nrog rab riam, tshem lub chamfer. Tom qab ntawd lub cork yog muab tso rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub teeb. Ces koj yuav tsum tau unscrew lub hauv paus kom tshem nws.
- Qos yaj ywm. Txoj kev no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov khoom tawg tawm ntawm lub hauv paus. Txiav qos yaj ywm rau hauv 2 pieces. Ib tug yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv tes thiab muab daim iav rau nws. Thiab ces lub hauv paus yog unscrewed.
Kev pov tseg
Yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg hauv chav dej lossis hauv lwm chav, nws yuav tsum muab pov tseg. Cov thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm. Lub teeb tawg yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv cov hnab yas kaw lossis hauv cov iav kaw. Lawv raug xa mus nrog cov teeb uas siv tau rau qhov chaw rov ua dua.
Muaj cov ntsiab lus sau los khaws cov khoom siv mercury. Ecoboxes tseem tuaj yeem ntsia tau. Pov tseg cov teeb hauv cov thawv ntim khoom kaw. Demercurization yog nqa tawm siv cov txheej txheem hydrometallurgical thiab thermal.
YHydrometallurgical processing
txheej txheem no suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Lub teeb yog pob zeb.
- Tom qab ntawd cov kua reagent ntxiv thiab sib tsoo txuas ntxiv.
- Cov kua feem yog ntws los ntawm lub zeb thiab xa mus rau cov nroj tsuag rov qabmercury.
Thermal demercurization
Cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev sib tsoo teeb, cua sov cullet kom txog rau thaum theem mercury siv rau hauv daim ntawv vaporous. Vapors kuj yog condensed thiab ntxuav. Cov hlau ntawm cov teeb yog muab faib ua cov ntsiab lus rau cov hlau tsis yog hlau:
- aluminium;
- tooj-nickel;
- tooj-zinc;
- kub;
- lead.
iav crushed yog txav mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg nrog tsev neeg pov tseg. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab ntxiv ua cov muab tub lim rau pob zeb yog tias nws tsis muaj mercury residues.
Txhua txoj hauv kev no yuav tsis muab kev ua kom huv ntawm cov khoom seem rau MPC cov qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov kua dej uas ib txwm muaj qee cov mercury thiab lwm yam khoom tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no suav nrog kev ua cov teeb. Nws yog nqa tawm ntawm cov modules tshwj xeeb, qhov twg tsis muaj dej phwj tuaj, thiab cov seem ntawm cov mercury vapor raug ntes thiab ua tiav hauv kem nqus. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov emissions tsim kev puas tsuaj rau hauv cov xwm txheej raug cais tawm, thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv cov khoom pov tseg.
Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab tias tsis muaj mercury
Yog tias tsis ntseeg tias qee cov mercury tee tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm chav tsev, nws yuav tsum hu rau cov kws tshaj lij rau kev ntsuas ntsuas. Cov kev pab cuam demercurization ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb txog huab cua ntawm chav tsev uas muaj kab mob thiab txiav txim siab qhov twg mercury tuaj yeem nyob. Cov kws tshaj lij yuav muab cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv thaj chaw los ntawm cov hlau phom sij.
Cov kev ntsuas no tsim nyog yog tias tsim nyogtawg tawg rau ntawm rooj tog thiab ntaub pua plag. Vim qhov ntxeem tau ntawm cov khoom, cov khoom ntawm mercury droplets yog qhov nyuaj rau tshem tawm. Yog tias kev soj ntsuam hauv chav kuaj pom pom muaj kev ua pa phem ntau ntxiv, ces yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab - muab cov khoom no pov tseg lossis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Yuav txwv tsis pub ua
Yog tias lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tawg, tsis txhob:
- Tig lub tshuab cua txias vim cov vapors yuav nyob hauv cov khoom siv.
- Sau cov khoom seem nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev.
- Siv nplawm, raws li kev txav tsis tu ncua ua rau cov iav me me.
- Phau ib hub dej thiab iav seem cia rau hauv qhov ntws.
- pov tseg hauv qhov chaw pov tseg lossis chute.
Tsis txhob muab cov teeb uas siv nrog cov khoom pov tseg hauv tsev. Lawv yuav tsum raug xa mus rau cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb.
