Rau qhov ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm txhua tus neeg nyob yuav tsum muaj oxygen, carbon, hydrogen thiab nitrogen. Cov tshuaj lom neeg kawg yog tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub neej thiab cov nroj tsuag. Txhawm rau ntxiv nws cov ntsiab lus, cov chiv tshwj xeeb nitrogen yog siv, uas yuav tau tham tom qab.
bait muaj nitrate
Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog lawv? Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm nitrogen rau cov nroj tsuag yog cov av. Nyob ntawm seb nws hom thiab degree ntawm hnav, tus nqi ntawm cov chiv yog txiav txim siab. Feem ntau, cov qoob loo xav tias tsis muaj nitrogen hauv cov xuab zeb thiab cov av xuab zeb. Nws yog cov av uas ib txwm xav tau kev txhawb nqa ntxiv nrog ntau yam chiv. Hauv qhov no, cov nroj tsuag yuav hnov zoo li qub.
Yuav ua li cas siv nitrogen chiv kom raug? Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias feem ntau ntawm lawv muaj nyob hauv humus. Lub thicker nws txheej, ntau dua cov nitrogen. Yog li, cov nroj tsuag hauv cov av zoo li zoo dua.
Humus yog ib yam khoom uas maj mam decomposing. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev xaivminerals los ntawm nws kuj yog nqa tawm maj mam. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug tuab txheej ntawm humus, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau tsawg dua noj.
Vim li cas cov nroj tsuag xav tau kev noj haus?
Cov neeg cog paj uas muaj kev paub txog pom zoo siv cov chiv nitrogen ntxhia rau kev loj hlob ntau yam qoob loo. Tab sis lawv yog dab tsi? Raws li koj paub, nitrogen tsis pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov organic tebchaw. Nws tsis pom muaj fiber ntau, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, suab thaj lossis roj.
Nitrogen muaj nyob hauv cov protein thiab amino acids. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm nucleic acid, uas muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hlwb lub luag hauj lwm rau duplication ntawm hereditary ntaub ntawv thiab protein synthesis.
Nitrogen kuj muaj nyob hauv chlorophyll. Raws li koj paub, cov khoom no txhawb nqa lub hnub ci zog los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Fertilizer kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov organic media, xws li lipoids, alkaloids thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws.
Cov chaw saum huab cua ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj nitrogen. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv hluas. Thaum cov txheej txheem flowering tiav lawm, nitrogen hla mus rau cov kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab accumulates muaj. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov noob, nitrogen yog tshem tawm los ntawm lub cev vegetative nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws tus nqi. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog emaciated heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov av muaj cov ntsev ntau dhau, nws yuav muab faib rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, yuav muaj kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov av saum toj no, ncua ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening thiab txo cov qoob loo.
TauTxhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov chiv nitrogen hauv qhov tsim nyog. Yog tias cov nroj tsuag noj cov ntsiab lus hauv nqe lus nug kom txaus, lawv yuav muaj peev xwm tsim thiab tsim nplooj. Nrog tsis muaj nitrogen, tsis tshua muaj yields thiab sai wilting yog pom.
Ntau yam
Nitrogen chiv yog ib yam khoom uas muaj nitrate compounds.
Hauv qab no yog cov pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm hom chiv no:
- nitrate (sodium thiab calcium nitrate);
- ammonium (ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride);
- Yammonium nitrate chiv (ammonium nitrate);
- kua nitrogen tshuaj (anhydrous ammonia, ammonia dej);
- amide chiv (urea).
Kev tsim cov chiv nitrogen feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj. Cia peb tshuaj xyuas kom ntxaws ntxiv rau txhua hom npe.
YNitrate chiv
hom khoom noj no suav nrog calcium nitrate. Nws zoo li dawb granules, uas muaj 18% nitrogen. Cov chiv no haum rau cov av nrog qib siab ntawm acidity. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov av, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom zoo tshaj calcium nitrate rau hauv nws txhua xyoo. Nws yog heev soluble nyob rau hauv dej. Khaws cov chiv rau hauv lub hnab ntim khoom lossis hnab ntim khoom.
Tsis txhob sib tov calcium nitrate nrog phosphate chiv.
Cov sodium sib tov yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm 17% nitrogen cov ntsiab lus. Cov chiv dissolves zoo nyob rau hauv dej thiab yog absorbed zoo kawg nkaus.cog cag. Nws yog haum rau ntau haiv neeg. Sodium nitrate tsis pom zoo siv rau lub caij nplooj zeeg.
Ammonium chiv
pawg no suav nrog ammonium sulfate. Nyob rau hauv tsos, nws zoo li cov hmoov dawb nrog cov ntsiab lus nitrogen ntawm 20%. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si raws li lub ntsiab thiab kev pub mis ntxiv. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov chiv no thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, txij li cov nitrogen hauv nws tsis raug ntxuav tawm los ntawm cov dej hauv av thiab kho hauv av. Yog tias txhua xyoo ammonium sulfate nkag mus rau hauv cov av, ces nws cov acidification yuav maj mam tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, chiv yuav tsum tau tov nrog chalk los yog txiv qaub nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1: 2.
Tsis muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb nrog kev khaws cia ntawm ammonium sulfate, vim nws tsis yog hygroscopic. Nws yog txaus kom nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj alkaline tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog nws. Nitrogen chiv cov nroj tsuag niaj hnub no tsim cov khoom sib xyaw uas yooj yim txaus siv rau hauv av.
Ammonium chloride nyob rau hauv tsos yog daj-dawb hmoov nrog cov ntsiab lus nitrate ntawm 26%. Thaum cov hmoov no siv rau hauv av, tsis muaj leaching. Nws yooj yim txaus los khaws cia. Tau ntev, cov hmoov tsis ncuav mog qab zib thiab tsis tas yuav sib tsoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov chiv no yog tshuaj chlorine. Thaum 10 kg ntawm nitrogen yog nkag mus rau hauv av, ob zaug ntau npaum li nkag mus rau hauv av. Cov khoom no yog tshuaj lom rau feem ntau cov nroj tsuag. Ammonium chloride yuav tsum tau siv tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov tshuaj chlorine uas nws muaj.
YAmmonia nitrate chiv
YogKoj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog cov ntsiab lus no? Thaum nws los txog rau nitrogen chiv rau cov nroj tsuag, ammonium nitrate tam sim ntawd los rau hauv siab. Nyob rau hauv tsos, cov chiv no zoo li ib tug dawb granular hmoov. Cov ntsiab lus nitrogen hauv nws yog 36%. Ammonium nitrate tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si ua cov chiv tseem ceeb thiab ua ib qho hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus.
Cov khoom xyaw yog hais txog cov khoom tsis yog ballast. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj dej txaus. Hauv cov av uas muaj dej ntau dhau, kev siv cov chiv nitrogen ntawm hom no yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, vim tias cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb yuav raug ntxuav rau hauv av.
Vim tias ammonium nitrate yog hygroscopic heev, nws tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Nyob ntawd nws sai sai caking thiab hardening. Qhov no tsis txhais hais tias txhua qhov kev sib xyaw yuav ua tsis tau. Tsuas yog ua ntej siv rau hauv av, nws yuav tsum tau crushed, uas tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem heev.
Yog tias koj xav ua koj tus kheej nitrogen-phosphorus chiv los ntawm kev ntxiv superphosphate rau ammonium nitrate, ces koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov khoom nruab nrab. Koj tuaj yeem siv chalk, dolomite hmoov lossis txiv qaub rau lub hom phiaj no.
Amide ntsiab
Ib qho tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm pab pawg no yog urea lossis urea. Lawv zoo li dawb granules. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm no fertilizer yog lub peev xwm mus acidify cov av. Urea tsuas tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab. Nws tsis tshua muaj siv los ua cov chiv tseem ceeb. Urea feem ntau plays lub luag haujlwmfoliar pub. Nws tsis hlawv nplooj thiab yog absorbed zoo kawg nkaus los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
kua nitrogen chiv
Ammonia dej lossis ammonium hydroxide yog ammonia yaj hauv dej. Rau kev faib cov chiv no, siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, uas tso cai rau nws tso rau hauv cov av ntawm qhov tob ntawm 14-16 cm. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm cov kua nitrogen chiv yog tus nqi qis thiab yooj yim digestibility. Txawm li cas los xij, khaws cia thiab thauj lawv yog qhov nyuaj heev. Yog hais tias chiv tau nyob rau saum npoo ntawm nplooj, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kub hnyiab.
Organic Nitrogen Cheebtsam
Dab tsi ua rau lawv tshwj xeeb? Nitrogen paub tias muaj nyob rau hauv cov organic tebchaw, tab sis tsis muaj ntau ntawm nws. Feem ntau cov nitrate muaj nyob rau hauv compost, muaj xws li nplooj litter, pas dej silt, lowland peat thiab nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv xws li chiv ua lub ntsiab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau fraught nrog nitrogen tshaib plab ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Ntxiv rau, cov chiv zoo li acidify av.
Rau cov qoob loo twg yog lub ntsiab lus nug tseem ceeb?
Nitrogen chiv yuav tsum tau rau txhua tsob ntoo txiv ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi thov rau cov qoob loo sib txawv yuav txawv.
Nws muaj peev xwm faib tau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag raws li qhov xav tau nitrogen rau ntau pawg:
- Cov nroj tsuag uas xav tau nitrate ntxiv los ua kom kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ua ntej cog hauv av. Cov no suav nrog zaub qhwv, qos yaj ywm, eggplant,zucchini, rhubarb, taub dag, plum, cherry thiab berries. Kwv yees li 26-28 g ntawm nitrogen yuav tsum tau muab faib rau ib square meter ntawm av.
- Cov qoob loo uas xav tau cov zaub mov me me. Cov no yog dib, carrots, parsley, qej, beets. Hais txog square meter ntawm cheeb tsam, tsuas yog 18-19 grams ntawm nitrogen yuav txaus rau cov zaub no rau kev loj hlob ib txwm.
- Nroj tsuag uas xav tau nitrate nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Tsuas yog 10-12 grams ntawm nitrogen yuav txaus rau lawv ib square meter ntawm cheeb tsam. Paj qoob loo muaj nyob rau hauv qeb no: primrose, daisies, saxifrage.
Yuav siv cov chiv li cas?
Cia peb nyob ntawm qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws ntxiv. Txhawm rau xam qhov xav tau ntawm nitrogen kom raug, nws tsim nyog xav txog yam xws li hom av, caij nyoog, huab cua thiab hom nroj tsuag. Yog tias koj npaj yuav cog cov av nrog acidity siab, koj tuaj yeem siv cov chiv nitrogen-potassium. Lawv yuav pib nqus tau zoo dua, thiab cov av yuav muaj qhov zoo ntawm acidity.
Yog tias koj nyob hauv thaj chaw steppe uas muaj cov av qhuav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau fertilize ib ntus. Tsis txhob so tam sim ntawd. Yog tias nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium chiv tau siv rau hauv av raws sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los thov lawv yog 11-12 hnub tom qab daus yaj. Rau thawj pub mis, urea yog haum. Thaum cov nroj tsuag nkag mus rau theem nquag ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ammonium nitrate tuaj yeem siv tau.
Hmoob thiab txiaj ntsig
Qee zaum, siv cov nitrogenchiv ua rau cov nroj tsuag. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim ntau tshaj nitrate. Cov zaub ntsuab ntawm cov qoob loo pib loj hlob heev. Yog li ntawd, tua thiab nplooj nplooj ua thicker thiab loj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, flowering yog luv luv thiab tsis muaj zog, los yog tsis tshwm sim txhua. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub zes qe menyuam thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis tsim.
Hlawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum huab cua ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau kho nrog nitrogen chiv. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, cov nplooj tuag tag nrho. Nws yog vim li no tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li cov tshuaj uas tau teev tseg hauv cov lus qhia rau kev siv.
Zoo kawg
Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas no, peb tau tshuaj xyuas kom meej tias cov chiv nitrogen yog dab tsi. Yuav ua li cas kom raug txiav txim siab lawv npaum li cas thiab siv rau cov av. Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo tau nthuav tawm, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tau txais cov qoob loo zoo ntawm koj qhov chaw.
