Kev tsim kho ntoo yog ib txwm xav tau, yog li kev lag luam ntoo tau hloov kho tas li nrog kev muab tshiab. Nrog xws li cov ntoo ntau, sib npaug thiab txiav, ntoo hauv qhov sib txawv (ib txwm, nplaum, loj, profiled, tag nrho) yooj yim kom ploj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tus neeg uas tsis tau ntsib qhov teeb meem yav dhau los.
Cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj nrog txoj hauv kev tshiab ntawm kev ua thiab ziab kom muab cov nqaj ntxiv thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov ntoo ntuj. Tab sis puas yog txhua qhov kev hloov kho zoo, puas yog lawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lwm yam khoom? Peb yuav tham txog tag nrho cov no ntxiv, thiab tseem sim nrhiav cov lus teb rau lo lus nug, lub cav ntoo twg zoo dua rau kev tsim tsev?
Ntau yam ntoo
Tsuas yog ob hom ntoo siv dav:
- laminated ntoo.
- Profileed.
Muaj ntau yam yog vim li cas nws thiaj zoo dua muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntoo ua lub tsev:
- Sib npaugthiab cov phab ntsa du.
- khoom me me.
- Geometric raug ntawm tag nrho lub tsev.
- Txhim khu kev sib txuas ntawm cov tuav rau ib leeg. Qhov no ua kom tsis muaj qhov txias nkag hauv chav thiab tsis muaj qhov khoob tshwm sim.
- Zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj ib puag ncig sab hauv thiab sab nraum lub tsev.
Koj puas xav tias cov ntoo twg zoo dua los xaiv lub tsev? Cov ntaub ntawv nrov tshaj plaws yog glued thiab profiled ntoo. Lawv sib tw nrog ib leeg thiab txhua tus muaj adherents thiab tw.
Qhov txawv ntawm profiled thiab glued beams
Glued laminated ntoo muaj lub zog siab, uas ua tiav los ntawm kev nias thiab gluing. Cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom yog hais txog 14%, ua tsaug rau qhov ntsuas no nws tsis qhuav tawm, qhov feem pua ntawm shrinkage tsis ntau tshaj ib. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nws nqus dej noo, thiab vim li ntawd, qhov taw qhia nce thiab nce mus txog cov ntoo hauv daim ntawv qhuav.
Rau cov nplaum rau ib tus neeg lamellas, tsuas yog siv cov kua nplaum ib puag ncig. Nws belongs rau pawg FC0, uas txhais tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm formaldehyde nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis tshaj 0.5 mg / l.
Tus nqi ntawm cov ntoo laminated yog ntau dua li ntawm cov ntoo profiled. Tab sis cov qauv ntawm nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tiav thiab kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog siv cov nplaum nplaum, cov ntoo tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau rotting thiab kab puas tsuaj.
Raws li cov ntoo profiled, nws muajnruj me ntsis tsim qhov ntev, thiab tsis lees txais txawm tshuab los yog sib tov seams. Profiled ntoo muaj kev ua tau zoo sab nraud, yog li nws tsis tas yuav ua tiav cov haujlwm ntawm nws.
Qhov twg zoo dua
Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug ntawm cov ntoo twg zoo dua rau kev tsim lub tsev - glued lossis profiled - nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv. Yog li, cia peb piv cov ntaub ntawv raws li ob peb yam ntxwv.
Us raw khoom
Cov ntoo ntoo yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntoo. Nyob rau theem pib, cov ntaub ntawv raw raug tsis lees paub, thiab tom qab ntawd xa mus rau ntuj lossis chamber ziab thiab tshuaj xyuas theem nrab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis xws luag thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv profile.
Glued laminated ntoo yog tsim los ntawm gluing pre-dried lamellas. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txo tau kev sib yuav, vim kev puas tsuaj raug tshem tawm ntawm lamellas. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb thiab twisting ntawm cov ntoo hom tsis suav nrog. Rau zus tau tej cov ib bar, 2-5 lamellas yog noj. Yog li, cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem hloov tus nqi los ntawm kev siv ntau hom ntoo. Piv txwv li, qhov nruab nrab tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntoo thuv, thiab sab nrauv ntawm koob lossis larch.
Beam dimensions
Tsis paub lub cav ntoo twg zoo tshaj rau kev tsim tsev? Qhov tuab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov tuav yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Rau cov ntoo profiled, qhov ntsuas no tsuas yog txwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj log blanks. Raws li txoj cai, qhov ntev li ib txwm yog li 6 m lossisntau yam ntawm 2 thiab 3 m p., thiab cov qauv ntawm ntu yog raws li nram no: 1010, 2020, 3030. Yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem xaj los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom uas tsis yog tus qauv ntim ntawm cov ntoo profiled rau ib qhov project tshwj xeeb. Tab sis qhov hla ntawm cov khoom xws li qee zaus tshaj 2020, qhov no yog vim txoj kev ziab kom qhuav. Lub cav tuab dua, qhov nyuaj dua nws yog kom qhuav sib npaug.
Xav seb cov ntoo loj npaum li cas yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev tsim tsev? Nws nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej thiab hom ntoo xaiv. Glued ntoo muaj qhov loj me, qhov dav siab tshaj plaws yog 27.5 cm. Vim tias cov lamellas tuaj yeem sib txuas ntev, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 18 m.p. Qhov no tsuas yog ua kom xaj.
Sustainable
Eco-property yuav luag yog qhov kev sib cav tseem ceeb hauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog qhov twg ntoo zoo dua siv los tsim lub tsev thiab qhov twg muaj kev nyab xeeb rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg.
Thawj qhov uas yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov yog thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov kab teeb ci, cov kua nplaum uas muaj cov khoom sib txuas. Cov slats yog glued ua ke nrog ib tug polymer los yog polyvinyl acetate muab tshuaj txhuam. Rau cov yeeb ncuab ntawm cov ntoo nplaum, qhov no muab qhov laj thawj los hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej no tsis tuaj yeem muaj lus nug txog kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom.
Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj nplaum sib txawv hauv cov khoom xyaw thiab muab faib ua cov chav kawm - los ntawm tsis muaj mob mus rau qhov txaus ntshai. Tus neeg yuav khoom muaj cai thov los ntawm tus muag khoom cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov tswv cuab.
Profileed ntoo kuj ua tiavnplaim retardants thiab antiseptic muaj pes tsawg leeg. Thiab tseem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv, tsuas yog sab hauv ntawm tsob ntoo, tso tawm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv bark, yog siv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov ntoo yog xoob, thiab txhawm rau khaws cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv ua los ntawm cov ntoo profiled, cov phab ntsa ntawm cov phab ntsa yuav tsum tau them nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv ib ntus. Lawv yuav muab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm UV thiab lwm yam huab cua phem.
Breathability
Qhov degree ntawm vapor permeability ntawm profiled ntoo ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb hom ntoo nws yog tsim los ntawm. Cov ntoo muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev zoo nyob hauv tsev, thiab qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau cov tsev ntiav.
Glued ntoo muaj qhov ntsuas cua nruj qis dua. Qhov no yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lamellas thiab muaj ib txheej ntawm cov kua nplaum. Nws tsis pub huab cua txav mus los ntawm cov ntoo qhov hws.
Humidity
Tsis paub lub cav ntoo twg zoo dua rau kev tsim tsev - ntuj ya raws lossis qhuav? Lub ntuj noo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm ntoo thiab lub sij hawm thaum sau qoob loo. Cov av noo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 40-50%. Raws li GOST, tsuas yog cov khoom uas nws cov dej noo tsis tshaj 15% tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv.
Txhawm rau txo cov duab no, ntxiv rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab tawg thiab sib tw ntawm cov ntoo, cov tuam txhab ziab cov ntoo. Rau lub hom phiaj no, muaj ob txoj kev: ntuj ziab thiab yuam, hauvchav tshwj xeeb. Qhov qis dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntoo, qhov tsawg shrinkage tus qauv tsim los ntawm nws yuav muab.
Rau cov ntoo nplaum, cov av pom zoo yog mus txog 14%, thiab rau cov ntoo profiled - txog li 18%. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tsob ntoo yuav nqus dej noo los ntawm ib puag ncig, yog li me ntsis kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob hom ntoo yuav sib npaug.
Shrinkage
Glued log shrinks txog 1%.
Profileed ntoo nrog chamber ziab - los ntawm 3 mus rau 5%, nrog ntuj qhuav - txog 8%.
Txoj Kev
Xav seb cov ntoo twg zoo tshaj rau kev tsim tsev? Qhov degree ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kab teeb ci yog ntau dua li ntawm cov ntoo profiled. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias rau zus tau tej cov thawj, pre-npaj muaj zog lamellas yog siv, txiav los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cav. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib feem hauv nruab nrab, cov nplhaib txhua xyoo lossis lub plawv zoo li lub hnub qub. Thiab rau kev tsim cov ntoo profiled, tsuas yog lub hauv paus yog coj, thiab, raws li koj paub, nws yog qhov xoob tshaj plaws.
Deformation
Yog tias pom cov cai khaws cia, qhov deformation ntawm cov khoom ntoo tsis suav nrog. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov qauv tiav, ces nws muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, ob qho tib si hauv profiled (nrog rau qhov dav ntawm tsis ntau tshaj ib millimeter) thiab hauv cov nplaum (nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm gluing).
Kev lom neeg tsis hloov pauv
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, txhua hom cav raug kho nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, muaj peev xwm ntawmpwm, fungus thiab lwm yam teeb meem yog tsawg.
Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws
Glued laminated ntoo siv cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab thiab kub hnyiab ntau dua. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xav txog yog tias koj npaj yuav tsim da dej.
Zoo
Tsis paub tias cov ntoo twg zoo dua rau kev tsim lub tsev - tiaj lossis profiled? Ob hom ntawm cov khoom yog raug rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub hauv ntej nto, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau yam tsis muaj ntxiv lwm cladding ntawm lub tsev. Thiab ob qho tib si nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm lub tsev, thiab nrog rau sab nrauv. Tab sis, feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm 1515 hauv qhov loj yog siv rau kev tsim kho, yog li yuav tsum muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv ntawm lub tsev.
Thaum nws los txog rau kev txhim kho qhov rais thiab qhov rooj, qhov sov so ntawm lub tsev glulam tso cai rau kev teeb tsa tam sim tom qab nws tau sib sau. Thiab cov qauv profiled shrinks, yog li nws yog advisable tos txog rau lub hlis los yog siv casing.
Tus nqi
Yog tias peb piv cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv xwb, ces cov ntoo profiled yuav raug nqi 30 feem pua pheej yig dua li cov ntoo nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thawj qhov kev xaiv yuav tsum muaj kev nqis peev tseem ceeb los khaws cov tsos sab nraud ntawm lub tsev. Yog li xav txog koj tus kheej!
Yuav muaj cuav
Profiled ntoo yog tsim los ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo thiab muag hauv cov ntim loj, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv kos duab. Tsuas yog lub tsev yuav txhim khu kev qha, uastau tsim los ntawm cov khoom zoo.
Nws yog qhov nyuaj dua los ua cov khoom cuav ntawm cov ntoo laminated, vim nws nyuaj heev rau cov nplaum lamellas sab nraum lub Hoobkas.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov lus nug ntawm cov ntoo twg zoo dua rau kev tsim lub tsev - glued lossis profiled - tsis muaj cov lus teb meej. Txhua yam khoom muaj qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog yuav cov ntoo los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom ntseeg siab thiab ntseeg siab. Qhov no yuav pab koj kom tsis txhob yuav cov khoom tsis zoo. Raws li kev tsim kho lub tsev, ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau kev sib dhos ntawm tus kheej, thiab txhawm rau tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm rau cov kws tshaj lij.
