Nyob hauv lub tsev qub ntau lub tsev, daim phiaj hluav taws xob sab hauv tau siv sijhawm ntev dhau los. Txawm tias cov tsev niaj hnub no twb xav tau kev xa rov qab, raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv thaum thauj khoom nce. Peb lub kilowatts yav dhau los tsis txaus los ua kom tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm tsev neeg niaj hnub no, yog li hloov cov xaim hauv Khrushchev yog qhov teeb meem ceev heev rau ntau tus.
pib qhov twg
Thaum nws tau npaj los hloov cov xaim hluav taws xob, nws raug nquahu kom ua haujlwm hauv chav tsev tag nrho ib zaug, txawm tias nws yuav nyuaj npaum li cas. Cov hlua qub yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog tias cov xaim hauv Khrushchev hloov nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, cov khoom siv yuav qis dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov ntawm cov txheej txheem qub tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm, qhov no yuav txo qis cov plua plav thiab qias neeg ua haujlwm, nrog rau phab ntsa chasing.
Yuav tsum muaj kev xaim hluav taws xob kom raug
Hloov cov xaim hauv Khrushchev suav nrog qee qhov kev xav tau:
- Meters, keyboards thiab sockets yuav tsum yooj yim nkag tau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 80-150 cm los ntawm theem hauv pem teb, qhov ntsuas no txawv nyob ntawm seb leej twg siv cov cuab yeej no - tus menyuam lossis tus neeg laus.
- Txhob tso rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 60-90 cm hauv pem teb.
- Cov qhov (socket) thiab cov keyboards yuav tsum tsis txhob ze tshaj 50 cm rau cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej.
- qauv xam cov naj npawb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob - 1 daim rau 6 square meters. m.
- Hauv chav ua noj, tus naj npawb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob suav los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lawv lub zog.
- Txhim kho qhov hluav taws xob hauv chav dej thiab chav dej yog txwv! Rau cov ntaub ntawv no, ib qho kev sib cais transformer sab nraum chav tsev yog siv.
- Cov Hlau yog teem rau kab rov tav lossis ntsug txheeb ze rau hauv pem teb. Hauv thawj kis, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 10 cm, tsis pub twisting ntawm cov xov hlau. Nrog rau txoj kab ntsug, cov xov hlau raug kho ntawm qhov deb tsawg kawg 10 cm ntawm qhov rais thiab qhov rooj qhib.
- Cov xaim xaim yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 40 cm ntawm cov kav dej.
- Nws tsis raug tso cai txuas txhuas thiab tooj liab xaim.
Kev xaim yog nqa tawm hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb, qhov kawg liab qab yuav tsum tau muab ntim nrog cov ntaub ntawv insulating.
theem ua haujlwm
Hloov cov xaim hauv Khrushchev tau ua nyob rau ntau theem:
- Drawing a schematic plan.
- Kev txhim kho ntawm kev kos duab ntawm chav nrog lub npe ntawm txoj hauv kev rau kev tso cov xov hlau.
- Kev faib tawm ntawm cov xov hlau. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas zais cov hlua hauv phab ntsa, nyeem rau.
- Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (RCD, keyboards, hluav taws xob qhov cub, qhov cua, lub teeb, qhov hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam).
- Tshuaj xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev sib txuas.
Diagramming
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim cov phiaj xwm schematic yog xaiv txoj hauv kev tso hlau. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev:
- Qhib kev xaiv.
- Hiddenwiring.
- Combined system.
Tom qab txoj kev txiav txim siab, qhov kev npaj ntawm kev kos duab ntawm chav pib nrog kev xaiv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, keyboards, teeb thiab lub qhov (socket). Rau thaj chaw nyob, cov qhov (socket) raug teeb tsa nrog kev suav ntawm ib chav tsev ntawm 6 square meters. m, hauv chav ua noj lawv tus lej nce peb zaug. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lub tub yees thiab ntau lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev nrog lub zog siab tau nruab rau ntawd. Yog hais tias lub installation ntawm lub qhov cub hluav taws xob yog muab, ces ib lub qhov (socket) cais nrog ib tug cable hla ntu ntawm 4 square meters yog ntsia rau nws. mm.
Txhawm rau kom suav cov lej ntawm cov keyboards thiab lub qhov (socket) kom raug, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab tag nrho lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv chav tsev. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom uas siv ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov hluav taws xob, nws yog pom zoo kom coj ib tug cais kab rau lawv nrog ib tug Circuit Court breaker. Tom qab kos duab rau ntawm daim duab ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa ntawm lub qhov (socket) thiab cov keyboards, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm cov thawv sib txuas. Lawv yuav tsum yooj yim nkag tau rau tib neeg.
Kev faib ua pawg
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev teeb tsa lub tswv yim los hloov cov xaim hauv Khrushchev yog faib los ntawm pawg neeg siv hluav taws xob. Feem ntau, kev faib tawm yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- Sockets.
- Teeb pom kev zoo.
- Lub zog rau qhov chaw ua noj.
- Ib pawg neeg siv hluav taws xob muaj zog - qhov cub hluav taws xob, tub yees, cua txias, thiab lwm yam.
- pab pawg txaus ntshai - cov chaw hauv chav dej, tawm sab nraud thiab lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Nyob hauv cov txheej txheem npaj pab pawg, kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob cable kuj suav nrog. Daim duab qhia txog txoj kev ntawm cov xov hlau, lawv hom ntu thiab cov khoom siv. Tom qab kos npe rau qhov chaw teeb tsa ntawm cov keyboards thiab qhov (sockets) ntawm daim duab kos, kev nyeem ntawv thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nkag yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas. Thaum xaiv txoj kev zais zais, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov phab ntsa los ntawm kev kos duab rau ntawm qhov chaw nrog xaum lossis kab cim kab.
Cov cuab yeej xav tau
Rau kev hloov cov xaim hauv lub cib Khrushchev, koj yuav xav tau cov cuab yeej hauv qab no:
- Angle grinder.
- Punch.
- Sockets, pliers, ntswj ntsia hlau, pliers thiab cov cuab yeej soldering.
- Ntau yam fasteners - clamps, terminals, brackets.
- riam phom.
- Spatula.
- Level.
Tsis xav txog qhov twg siv cable siv rau kev xaim hauv tsev? Peb yuav tham txog cov hom hauv qab no, tab sis rau cov duab,ces qhov parameter no paub tsuas yog tom qab lub caij nyoog daim ntawv qhia thiab ntsuas lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ntxiv 3-4 meters ntxiv rau cov nyiaj pub dawb rau qhov ua tau ntev.
Khoom siv xav tau
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab hloov cov xaim hauv chav tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, ces cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm:
- Cable. Tsis paub tias yuav siv cov cable twg los txuas rau hauv chav tsev? Txhawm rau txhim kho lub teeb pom kev zoo, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov xov hlau ntawm VVG hom nrog ib qho kev tso cai hla ntawm 1.5 square meters. mm, rau cov qhov (socket) - peb-ntxhais hom nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm 2.5 sq. mm.
- RCD thiab automata. Ib qho khoom siv tam sim no (RCD) yog xav tau los tiv thaiv lub kaw lus los ntawm kev xau tam sim no, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (tsis siv neeg) tiv thaiv kev luv luv.
- Distributing boxes.
- hluav taws xob vaj huam sib luag. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum raug xaiv nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus Circuit Court breakers thiab RCDs. Yog hais tias lub Circuit Court muab ntau lub ntsiab, ces yuav tsum tau yuav ib tug loj hluav taws xob vaj huam sib luag. Muaj cov qauv hlau thiab yas. Cov kws tshaj lij qhia qhov kev nyiam rau thawj qhov kev xaiv, vim tias lawv muaj zog dua thiab yuav kav ntev dua.
- Kev sib txuas cov khoom insulating - clips, dowel-nails thiab hluav taws xob daim kab xev.
Txhim kho ntawm switchboard
Yuav kom hloov cov xaim hauv lub vaj huam sib luag Khrushchev kom zoo, koj yuav tsum pib los ntawm kev txhim kho lub vaj huam sib luag hluav taws xob tshiab. Yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev tshiab rau lawvIb tug tshwj xeeb niche yog muab, nruab nrog ib tug fais fab cable, ces tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li no nyob rau hauv Khrushchev. Cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv cov tsev qub yog mounted nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev hinged nyob qhov twg. Hauv cov tsev nyob hauv tebchaws Soviet, cov hlau tsuas tuaj yeem khiav tau los ntawm kev khawb ib lub qhov thiab rub lub cable los ntawm nws mus rau hauv chav tsev.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov theem hauv cov ntaub thaiv tsev yog raws li hauv qab no: sab sauv - xoom terminals, hauv nruab nrab - Circuit Court breakers, hauv qab - hauv av. Kev nkag mus rau cable yog txuas nrog raws li lub tswv yim - xiav xaim mus rau xoom lub davhlau ya nyob twg, ib lub daj rau hauv av, thiab ib qho dawb mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub tshuab.
Cov kab hluav taws xob zais
Nthuav hom kev xaim cuam tshuam nrog kev tso cov kab hauv strobes. Cov rooj vag yog pre-npaj qhov (channels) nyob rau saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa. Tsis paub yuav ditch phab ntsa? Qhov no yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab ntxhov siab uas yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - phab ntsa chaser lossis pob zeb diamond-tipped puncher.
Ib txhia kis, xaim rau hauv pem teb, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov ntaub pua tsev.
Qhov tob ntawm cov channel rau cov xov hlau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm txheej plaster, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsum yog li 10 hli. Kev qhib rau lub thawv xa khoom thiab cov qhov (sockets) nrog lub qhov tshwj xeeb nozzle-crown. Yog hais tias nws muaj peev xwm nteg lub cable nyob rau hauv lub voids ntawm lub qab nthab ntawm pob zeb slabs, chasing yuav dispensed nrog.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov xov hlau nrog qee ntu hla yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem npaj ua ntej. RauNws yooj yim dua, cov xov hlau raug txiav ua ntej rau hauv "kev yooj yim" qhov chaw thiab haum.
Hauv cov thawv sib txuas, cov xov hlau txuas nrog siv cov khoom insulating. Tom ntej no, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov keyboards thiab qhov (sockets).
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa. Yog tias tag nrho cov ceg ua haujlwm, ces nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau caw ib tus kws kho hluav taws xob los txuas cov kab ke los ntawm lub hwj chim board. Tom qab lees paub qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob, nws muaj peev xwm kaw cov phab ntsa nrog plaster thiab sab nrauv tiav.
Kev xaim hauv cable ducts
Txoj kev no tsis tshua muaj zog thiab tsis xav tau cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas ditch phab ntsa. Yog tias nws tau npaj los tso cov xov hlau hauv cov kab, ces nws yuav tsum tau yuav cov thawv tshwj xeeb thiab cov plinths rau kev sib txuas nrog cov neeg siv khoom.
Skirting boards raug ntsia rau hauv pem teb hauv qhov chaw tsim nyog tau teev tseg hauv daim duab. Tom ntej no, cov hlau txuas nrog cov keyboards thiab qhov (sockets). Nrog rau txoj kev xaim no, cov khoom siv saum npoo av tau siv.
Zoo kawg
Cov kauj ruam kawg ntawm kev hloov cov xaim, tsis hais txoj hauv kev xaiv, yog kuaj lub kaw lus nrog multimeter nrog lub peev xwm los tuav lub xov tooj hluav taws xob. Ua ntej, cov xov hluav taws xob raug kuaj xyuas thiab qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib txuas tsis raug suav nrog, tom qab ntawd txhua qhov hloov pauv thiab qhov (socket) raug kuaj xyuas. Lub voj voog ua haujlwm muaj cov hauv qab no: xoom, av, theem. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeempib dai phab ntsa.
Qhov muaj qhov yuam kev hauv daim duab xaim tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, yog li yog tias koj tsis ntseeg tias koj tuaj yeem ua txoj haujlwm loj ntawm koj tus kheej, ces nws zoo dua tig mus rau cov kws tshaj lij.
