Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv lub tsev ntoo: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thev naus laus zis thiab cov lus qhia los ntawm tus tswv

2024 Tus sau: Aaron Duncan | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 03:45

Cov txheej txheem rau kev rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev ntoo yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim kho. Ntxiv mus, feem ntau lawv nyiam cov khoom siv yooj yim thiab feem ntau - nthuav av nplaum. Lub tshuab installation yog yooj yim heev, vim li no nthuav av nplaum tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias txhua txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis tas siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb thiab cov kws tshaj lij. Thiab tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnub no yog qhov siab heev.

Txawm hais tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv lub tsev ntoo yog qhov yooj yim heev, kev rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov khoom siv no zoo thiab siv tau ntev. Yog li ntawd, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob xav tsis thoob tias nthuav av nplaum tseem nrov niaj hnub no. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub thiab siv tau zoo heev tau pom ntawm kev muag khoom, cov av nplaum nthuav dav tseem nyob hauv kev thov ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom. Thiab muajntau qhov laj thawj, suav nrog kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv. Peb yuav txiav txim siab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv peb cov khoom. Pom zoo, cov nqi hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tom. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj, them sai sai rau cov av nplaum nthuav dav - cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev, tsis muaj ntau yam tsis zoo rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.

Vim li cas nqa cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb

Thiab tam sim no cia saib qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav, peb yuav txheeb xyuas qee qhov nuances. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kom ua tiav qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, xyuam xim rau cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo cais tsis tsuas yog cov phab ntsa, tab sis kuj yog lub qab nthab thiab hauv pem teb. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj huab cua zoo nyob hauv tsev.

Ib theem tseem ceeb sib npaug yog qhov tso cov vapor barrier txheej. Cov txheej txheem rau kev ua haujlwm tsis yog qhov nyuaj heev. Nws lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias huab cua sov tsis tawm hauv chav. Raws li txoj cai, tsis muaj leej twg hnov qab txog vapor barrier. Tab sis ntau tus xav txog kev ua kom sov ib qho txheej txheem ntxiv, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi. Vim tias nws yuav nyuaj heev rau taug kev hauv pem teb - nws yog txias. Tej zaum nws yuav yog chav tsev nws tus kheej yuav sov thiab xis, tab sis taug kev hauv pem teb tsis muaj taw yuav nyuaj vim qhov txias.

Ua rau chav txias

Feem ntau ua rau lub hauv pem teb txias yog ib qho chaw tsis muaj insulated. Qhov teeb meem yog tias nws feem ntau ntub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, cov chav ntawm thawj pem teb, nyob rau saum toj nws, nqus ib particleqhov txias. Thiab yog tias nws zoo nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, nws tsis zoo li yuav zoo siab rau lub caij ntuj no. Thiab raws li koj tus kheej nkag siab, kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab qab nthab tsis zoo li cuam tshuam rau microclimate. Cov plag tsev kuj yuav tsum tau insulated.

nthuav av nplaum thiab nws cov khoom

Cov ntaub ntawv ntau tau siv hauv kev tsim kho tau ntau xyoo lawm. Thiab lawv tau siv ntev dua li ntau yam khoom siv dag zog, xws li cov ntaub plaub lossis ua npuas dej. Yog tias koj tau mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ces koj paub tias kev rwb thaiv tsev ua ntej ua tiav nrog xuab zeb, sawdust, av nplaum, straw. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, raws nraim li cas yog nyob rau hauv abundance. Nco qab tsawg kawg yog qhov paub zoo adobe - cov khoom ntawm av nplaum thiab straw. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev tau tsim los ntawm nws. Thiab cov tsev nyob tau sov thaum lub caij ntuj no, thiab, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, tau txias rau lub caij ntuj sov.

Cov av nplaum nthuav dav tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov khoom siv ntau. Nws tau tshwm sim ntau xyoo dhau los, tau txais kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom sai txaus. Thiab rau hnub no nws tuav nws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshav kub insulators. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias cov ntxhia wool thiab polystyrene, piv txwv li, yog poob hauv av rau lawv cov niaj hnub counterparts.

Yuav ua li cas nthuav av nplaum ua?

Cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog dab tsi? Cov no yog cov pob zeb me me. Hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv, shale-cov kabmob pob zeb kho nrog qhov kub ntawm ntau tshaj 1000 degrees thiab av nplaum yog siv. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub zog centrifugal, uas tso cai rau koj los ua cov pebbles. Cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum tau tig ceev ceev hauv qhov cub kub. Tib lub sijhawm lawv pibme me granules ntawm txawv diameters yog tsim. Lawv ci thiab tawv. Cov khoom siv zoo li no feem ntau siv rau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qab nthab thiab cov plag tsev. Tab sis qee zaum nws yog siv los sau cov voids ntawm partitions.

Plus ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav

Thiab tam sim no cia peb saib qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav. Ua kom sov hauv pem teb yog qhov yooj yim heev rau lawv, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib qho txiaj ntsig. Cia peb saib lwm tus:

1. Txhim kho lub suab rwb thaiv tsev hauv chav.
2. Cov khoom muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg.
3. Cov khoom yog lub teeb heev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov load ntawm cov plag tsev yuav tsawg heev. Thiab qhov no tseem ceeb heev thaum ua haujlwm hauv tsev ntoo.
4. Cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg (tshwj xeeb hauv kev sib piv nrog cov khoom siv niaj hnub no).
5. Ua tiav kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv - txawm tias qhov ntsuas kub li cas. Txawm tias thaum hlawv cov av nplaum nthuav dav tsis tawm cov khoom phom sij.
6. Tsis hlawv, ruaj.
7. Tus nqi qis heev.
8. Kev tsis muaj roj - txawm tias saturated nrog noo noo, pwm lossis fungus tsis tshwm.
9. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tsis muaj kab lossis nas yuav rhuav tshem cov av nplaum. Cas hais tsis tau rau cov nas ej nas.

me ntsis txog thermal conductivity

Nws tsim nyog hais txog cov thermal conductivity. Ib txheej me me ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav (txog 10 cm) muaj qhov ua tau zoo ib yam li 25 cm ntawm ntoo lossis 1 meter ntawm brickwork. Tab sis cov av nplaum nthuav tawm yog qhov qis dua rau cov ntaub plaub tsiaj thiab ua npuas ncauj yas.

Ntawm qhov tsis txaus, tsuas yog tsis kam tiv thaiv cov dej noo tuaj yeem hais tau. Yog tias muaj dej ntau nkag rau ntawm pob zeb, lawv yuav nqus tau sai. Tab sis cov khoom yuav qhuav rau lub sij hawm ntev heev. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev txheej nce ntau, thiab cov yam ntxwv deteriorate. Yog li ntawd, thaum insulating nrog nthuav av nplaum, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua raws li lub tshuab. Peb yuav tham txog nws ntxiv.

Qhov zoo ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav

Tau nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov zoo ntawm nws siv thaum ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev:

1. Tsis tas yuav ua kom muaj ntau txheej txheej txheej txheej, xws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yob.
2. Tsis xav kom haum cov khoom rau qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
3. Kev teeb tsa yooj yim thiab nrawm.
4. Tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb lossis khoom siv tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm.
5. Yuav siv tau txawm nyob rau qhov chaw tsis sib xws.

Tab sis ib qho tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem raug cais tawm - koj yuav tau siv cov txheej txheem rov qab loj. Cia peb hais tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 5-10 cm tuab npuas txheej yog tib yam li cov av nplaum nthuav dav 20-30 cm.

Tab sis qhov teeb meem no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim tias cov txheej txheem cua sov, txawm tias siv ua npuas ncauj, yog qhov loj. Tab sis qhov teeb meem no yuav hnov thaum rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv cov chav ntawm tus qauv qhov siab (kwv yees 2.3 m). Yog hais tias qhov siab txo los ntawm 10-20 cm, nws yuav pom heev. Vim li ntawd, chav yuav ua rau tsis xis nyob thiab tsis xis nyob.

Ntau yam khoom

Cov khoom tuaj yeem yog ib qho, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov pob. Peb hom tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

1. Crushed pob zeb - ua los ntawm crushing cov khoom loj. Feem ntau siv thaum backfilling lub ntsiab txheej.
2. Gravel - thev naus laus zis zoo ib yam li tau piav qhia saum toj no. Tau los ntawm kev tig thiab tua cov granules nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 5-40 mm.
3. Sand - me me (txog 5 hli) hais. Lawv yog cov zoo vim lawv tuaj yeem siv los sau txhua yam, txawm tias me me tawg thiab tawg.

Nws tseem tuaj yeem faib cov khoom los ntawm qhov ntom. Koj tuaj yeem faib ntau li 10 pawg raws li qhov ntsuas no! Raws li koj tuaj yeem nkag siab, qhov siab dua qhov ntom, qhov zoo ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Tab sis nws tus nqi kuj siab dua.

Txheej txheem ntawm rwb thaiv tsev technology

Yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog lub ntsiab "trump card" ntawm cov khoom. Hauv pem teb yog insulated nrog nthuav av nplaum nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo los ntawm hauv qab nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li lub qab nthab los ntawm saum toj no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias tso pob zeb hauv av los yog polystyrene yog qhov nyuaj dua ua. Tab sis tseem, thev naus laus zis ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum raug soj ntsuam, txwv tsis pub cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem nqus dej noo. Thiab qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas kev teeb tsa tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem ua rau.

Insulating hauv pem teb nrog nthuav av nplaum nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj muaj peev xwm ua raws li tej technology. Tsuas yog nchuav cov khoom rau hauv kab noj hniav hauv qab. Los yog ntxiv granules rau cov tshuaj uas tsim cov screed hauv pem teb. Ob qho kev xaiv no yuav raug suav hais tias yogntau. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj lub hauv paus, thiab rau qhov no koj ua cov nram qab no manipulations:

1. Yuav rhuav tshem cov txheej qub, yog tias muaj.
2. Tshem tawm plua plav, av, khib nyiab. Yog hais tias muaj pwm los yog fungus, ces lawv yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshuaj.

Thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom ntim hauv qab ntawm lub tsev ntoo.

Ib txoj kev rov qab tau yooj yim

Nws yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv lub tsev ntoo uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws thiab yooj yim. Cov khoom yog nchuav ncaj qha mus rau hauv av nruab nrab ntawm cov joists hauv pem teb. Cov cuab yeej siv tau ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim kho lub teb chaws lub tsev thiab tsev.

Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Yog tias tsim nyog, cog cov av txheej.
2. Npog nrog txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo (cov khoom siv vov tsev zoo tagnrho). Nws raug nquahu kom nteg ob peb txheej ntawm insulator rau kev ntseeg tau. Ua ib qho sib tshooj ntawm yam tsawg kawg 10 cm, nws tseem yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv cov phab ntsa.
3. Poob pw tsaug zog nthuav av nplaum. Cov lus teb rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo (thev naus laus zis rau kev ua cov haujlwm no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws) tsuas yog qhov zoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas cov khoom siv sib txawv tau siv - gravel, xuab zeb, crushed pob zeb.
4. Tso ib txheej ntawm vapor barrier khoom. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov hnab yas zoo tib yam. Raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev, koj yuav tsum tau overlaps ntawm tsawg kawg yog 10 cm.
5. Tsev boardspem teb thiab ua kom zoo.

Tib qauv siv tau los thaiv lub qab nthab ntawm sab ntawm lub tsev.

ua yeeb yaj kiab rau ntawm cov qhob slab

Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv lub tsev ntoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau pawg yog nqa tawm siv cov cuab yeej zoo sib xws, tsuas yog koj yuav tsum ua ib hom "hauv av". Nws yog nyob rau hauv nws tias lub rhaub yuav nyob. Qhov kev xaiv uas peb yuav xav txog tam sim no tuaj yeem siv nrog kev sib npaug ntawm ob qho tib si rau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov tsev ntoo thiab cov tsev nyob hauv cov tsev siab. Kev ua haujlwm algorithm yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Txhim ntau txheej ntawm cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo. Nco ntsoov sib tshooj ntawm 10 cm thiab nkag mus rau phab ntsa.
2. Sau tag nrho saum npoo kom nruj li sai tau nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav ntawm ntau qhov feem.
3. Txhim txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev.
4. Txhim kho cov mesh rau saum cov av nplaum nthuav.
5. Ua ib qho me me ntxhib hauv pem teb screed.

Kwv yees li tib lub thev naus laus zis yog siv los thaiv hauv pem teb nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv ib lub tsev ntoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau. Kev txhim kho cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab lwm yam khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov yooj yim heev, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thaum ua haujlwm.

Yuav ua li cas qhuav screed?

Hnub no, cov tshuab no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Ib txwm "ntub" screed suav nrog kev npaj cov tshuaj, theem nws, thiab lwm yam "qhuav" screed tsis tas yuav tsum tau nchuav, npaj, leveled, tos ob peb hnub (lossis txawm lub lis piam) kom txog thaum nws hardens. Lub simplicity ntawm cov cuab yeej yog tawm scale, nws yuav siv tauthaum insulating hauv pem teb nrog nthuav av nplaum nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub thickness ntawm rwb thaiv tsev txheej yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 20-30 cm. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav ua tau kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws efficiency.

Cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo ib yam li kev teeb tsa ntawm cov cav. Tab sis tsis yog boards yog mounted, tab sis tshwj xeeb gypsum-based slabs. Qhov zoo ntawm hom tshuab no yog qhov yooj yim. Tab sis koj kuj yuav tau txais ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj tiaj, du, npaj rau kev ua tiav zoo. Thiab yog tias tsim nyog, txheej txheej no yooj yim heev rau dismantle. Thiab yog tias koj ua "ntub" screed, ces nws yuav tsum tau tawg thiaj li yuav dismantle nws. Cov tshuab no tuaj yeem siv tau ob qho tib si rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev nrog cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv lub tsev ntoo thiab hauv chav tsev.