Tus kheej lub tsev yuav tsum ruaj, zoo nkauj thiab xis, thiaj li tsis txhob khov rau lub caij ntuj no thiab tsis txhob da dej thaum lub caij ntuj sov. Kev ua tiav ntawm cov xwm txheej no tsis yog nyob ntawm kev ua raws li kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog nyob ntawm kev xaiv kom raug ntawm cov khoom siv phab ntsa.
Ntse
Cov khoom siv niaj hnub rau lub tsev phab ntsa yog ntoo, av nplaum cib thiab roj silicate blocks. Kev lag luam kev tsim kho niaj hnub no muab cov kev xaiv tshiab los ua kom lub sijhawm tsim kho kom nrawm dua, thaum tuav lub peev xwm thauj khoom thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv ntawm cov tsev nyob.
Peb tab tom tham txog porous ceramic blocks lossis aerated pob zeb, thiab tsis yog txhua tus paub tias qhov twg yuav zoo dua. Txhawm rau xaiv qhov yog, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov khoom, ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Aerated qhob thaiv. Production Methods and Performance
Yuav kom nkag siab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov pob zeb aerated, koj yuav tsum paub seb nws yog dab tsi.
Rau nws cov khoom tsim, khi thiab silica Cheebtsam, dej thiab txhuas hmoov yog siv. Cov hauv qab no yog siv los ua binders:
- lime;
- cement;
- ash;
- slag;
- kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg.
Silica muab tub lim yog xaiv los ntawm quartz xuab zeb, tshauv thiab lwm yam khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Ua kom yooj yim, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo li no: cov binders thiab silica Cheebtsam yog tov nrog dej mus rau ib qho kev sib xws, aluminium hmoov ntxiv thiab qhov sib tov yog nchuav rau hauv pwm.
Aluminium hmoov reacts nrog cov binder, tso hydrogen. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim roj, hydrogen npuas sau cov khoom nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, los ntawm qhov uas nws tau txais cov khoom ua tau zoo: lub teeb, tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg.
Production nuances
Aerated qhob yog tsim los ntawm autoclave thiab hydration txoj kev. Twb tau los ntawm lub npe nws yog tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais cov khoom zaum kawg, nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, lub molded blocks yog raug rau kev kub siab thiab kub kev kho mob nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb apparatuses - autoclaves. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom nws tus kheej tau txais lub zog muaj zog, sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb geometric qhov ntev, thiab cov txheej txheem ua tau nrawm nrawm.
Hydration, lossis natural curing, muaj sijhawm ntev dua. Qee zaum, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nrawm, ua kom nrawm nrawm, nce qhov kub thiab txias mus txog 100qib. Hais txog lub zog, xws li cov pob zeb aerated yog qis dua rau autoclaved.
Indicators
Thaum yuav cov pob zeb aerated, cov khoom thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Hais txog lub zog thiab qhov ntom ntom, cov khoom siv tuaj yeem yog:
- thermal rwb thaiv tsev;
- qauv thiab cua sov-insulating;
- structural.
Qhov tsawg kawg yog qhov kub-insulating aerated pob zeb. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev tso cov phab ntsa sab nraud thiab cov partitions. Tab sis nws muaj qhov qis tshaj thermal conductivity thiab tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua lub rhaub. Nws qhov ceev yog 300-400 kg/m3.
Qhov ntom ntawm cov txheej txheem cua sov-insulating pob zeb sib txawv ntawm 500 txog 800 kg / m 3. Nws yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom, muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg thiab tib lub sijhawm muaj peev xwm muaj peev xwm. Qhov no tso cai rau koj siv rau kev tsim kho phab ntsa sab nraud thiab tsis siv nyiaj ntxiv rau lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev.
Cov pob zeb aerated muaj qhov ceev tshaj plaws, los ntawm 900 txog 1200 kg / m 3, ua rau nws yog cov khoom siv phab ntsa zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws qhov ntom ntom, nws muaj qhov porosity tsawg thiab, raws li, siab thermal conductivity. Thaum tsim cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem aerated pob zeb, kev rwb thaiv tsev ntxiv lossis qhov nce ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Dimensional raug
Qhov txawv ntawm txoj kev tsim khoom cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev ntawm geometric ntawm aerated qhob blocks. Raws li cov khoom parameter nontawm cov khoom no tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Thawj qeb suav nrog cov blocks uas nws qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev tsis tshaj 1.5 hli.
- Nyob rau hauv qeb thib ob, kev sib txawv tsis ntau tshaj 2 hli thiab cov ces kaum tawg tau tso cai.
- Nyob rau hauv qeb thib peb, kev puas tsuaj rau cov ces kaum tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 hli, nrog kev tso cai sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm qhov tsis ntau tshaj 4 hli.
Blocks ntawm thawj thiab thib ob pawg tau muab tso rau ntawm cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom uas tau muab faib rau hauv qeb thib peb tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov choj txias yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau dua li thaum nteg blocks ntawm thawj ob pawg.
Kev txuag ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thermal ntawm cov phab ntsa sab nrauv lossis cov nqi ntxiv rau lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom tsim cov khoom tsim tawm los ntawm cov blocks ntawm pawg no: garages, rhiav, sheds.
Pluss of aerated concrete
Zoo li txhua yam khoom siv hauv tsev, aerated qhob muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Los ntawm kev sib piv lawv, qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem kos tau, tso cai rau tus tsim tawm ua nws xaiv.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb aerated suav nrog:
- Lub teeb yuag. Lub nra ntawm lub hauv paus los ntawm cov phab ntsa aerated yog qis dua li ntawm cov phab ntsa cib los yog ceramic.
- Ib qho aerated qhob thaiv thaum tso rau hauv phab ntsa yuav hloov ob lub ceramic. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj ua kom tiav kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom hauv lub sijhawm luv.
- Ntxhais geometry ntawm autoclaved blocks pab txhawb kom zoo dua masonry. Tsis txhob nkim sijhawm rau lawvkev sib tw thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho.
- Kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig yog me ntsis qis dua ntoo. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias tom qab cov phab ntsa ntoo, cov pob zeb aerated yog cov phooj ywg zoo tshaj plaws.
- Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws tsis yog qis dua rau cov cib thiab ceramics.
- Cov khoom siv tau yooj yim rau kev ua, siv txhua yam, tsis muaj pov tseg.
- Frost resistance yog siab heev, mus txog 100 khov thiab thaw mus.
- Vapor permeability. Aerated qhob absorbs noo noo zoo thiab muab nws ib yam nkaus li rau chav qhuav, uas pab tswj kom zoo microclimate.
- Lub zog ntawm aerated qhob yog txaus rau kev tsim kho ntawm ob-zaj tsev.
- Cov khoom tuaj yeem ua los ntawm tes nrog cov khoom siv raw, qee yam khoom siv thiab paub txog cov lus qhia cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov khoom siv hydration hardening yuav tau txais, uas muaj qhov txo qis thiab tsis haum rau ntau lub tsev.
- Zoo thermal conductivity. Cov nqi rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua sov raug txo.
- Tus nqi ntawm cov pob zeb aerated tuaj yeem suav tias yog qis (ntawm 2900 txog 3100 rubles / m3), thaum piv nrog tus nqi ntawm cib thiab ceramic blocks.
- Cov neeg tsim khoom txaus los xaiv cov khoom siv loj ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, aerated qhob blocks 600x300x200 cm yog nrov.
Tag nrho, cov khoom tshuaj xyuas muaj tsawg kawg yog 13 qhov zoo.
Cons ntawm aerated qhob
Tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov hnyav heev:
- Vapor permeability, uas yog coj mus rau hauv tus account hauv qhov zoo, yogib tug minus. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, cov dej noo hauv qhov pores ntawm cov blocks khov thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lawv puas tsuaj.
- Cov khoom yog qhov tsis yooj yim, uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum thauj thiab thauj.
- Thaum kawg ntawm kev tsim kho, cov khoom siv shrinks. Nws tus nqi yog me me, tsis pub ntau tshaj 0.3 hli ib square meter, tab sis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fragility ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov kab nrib pleb yog paub tseeb tias yuav tshwm sim thaum shrinkage.
- Tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev tsim cov phab ntsa los ntawm cov pob zeb aerated, ib txoj siv hlua khi yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej. Qhov no ntxiv rau qhov nyuaj ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem thiab xav tau kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tsim nyog.
- Txhawm rau tiv thaiv phab ntsa los ntawm kev nqus dej noo, kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua tiav tiav tiav yuav tsum tau ua.
- Ib qho ntawm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis muaj zog txhua yam ntawm cov phab ntsa aerated pob zeb, thaum txuas cov radiators thiab cov kav dej cua sov rau lawv. Qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau yam tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Cov phab ntsa tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv. Rau tib lub laj thawj, flooring tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov kab ntoo. Qhov no txo cov suab kis tau tus mob thiab ua rau nws nyuaj rau ua tiav ceilings.
Cov khoom ntawm ceramic blocks
Ceramic blocks kuj muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Nws yuav yog qhov tseeb dua los hu lawv cov porous ceramic blocks.
Cov khoom pib rau lawv cov khoom yog av nplaum. Thaum molding pob zeb, sawdust yog tov rau hauv av nplaum, uas hlawv tawm thaum lub sij hawm firing, tsim pores. Vim lub microporous qauv, thermal rwb thaiv tsev zogceramic blocks yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cov cib zoo tib yam thiab tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov pob zeb aerated.
Muaj ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, pem hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum, nrog cov npoo du thiab grooved.
Tsis yog txhua tus paub qhov zoo dua - ceramic thaiv lossis aerated pob zeb. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm thawj, cov hauv qab no tau sau tseg:
- Lub ntim ntawm ib lub thaiv sib haum rau 14 lub cib zoo tib yam, tab sis nws yog qhov sib zog dua li lawv, uas pab ua kom cov txheej txheem tso kom nrawm.
- Lub cev hnyav hnyav tsis hloov pauv qhov hnyav rau lub hauv paus.
- Cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov blocks tsim ib qho kev sib koom ua ke / zawj sib koom ua ke, uas tso cai rau lawv nyob rau hauv ib kab nrog cov neeg siab thiab txo cov kev siv ntawm cov masonry muaj pes tsawg leeg, txij li kev sib koom ua ke tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua.
- Cov khoom siv tau zoo heev. Cov neeg tsim khoom lav qhov tsawg kawg ntawm 50 xyoo.
- Ceramic blocks yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nce suab nrov vim lawv cov qauv ntawm tes.
- Eco-friendly tsis yog qhov qis dua rau cov pob zeb aerated, vim nws yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom thiab tshuaj lom.
- Highly fire resistant.
- Tsawg thermal conductivity. Tuav cua sov zoo.
- Lub peev xwm saturate nrog noo noo tsis tshaj 10 feem pua.
Disadvantages of pottery
Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev los ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov nqi siab ntawm cov khoom. Lub tsev tsim los ntawm cov khoom zoo sib xws yuav raug nqi rau tus tswv 15% ntau dua li qhov zoo sib xws.aerated qhob vaj tse.
Ntxiv rau, thaum tsim tsev los ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic, cov hauv qab no tau sau tseg ntawm cov minuses:
- Raws li GOST, kev sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm qhov dav thiab qhov siab ntawm +1 txog -5 hli raug tso cai. Qhov no cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm masonry.
- Vim nws lub zog tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv ua haujlwm nyuaj. Txiav tsuas yog nrog lub grinder nrog lub pob zeb diamond log.
- Sab hauv partitions uas tsim cov qauv cellular ntawm lub thaiv yog qhov yooj yim heev, uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum lawv thauj thiab tuav haujlwm.
Sib piv cov yam ntxwv ntawm aerated qhob thiab ceramic blocks
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab xaiv cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kho, koj yuav tsum tau mus rau kev sib piv cov pob zeb aerated thiab ceramic blocks, qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib txawv rau kev tsim kho. Cov yam ntxwv thiab kev ua haujlwm tau nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv teev npe:
| Npe yam ntxwv | Qhov txawv thiab qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov yam ntxwv. Xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. |
| Lub sijhawm siv rau kev tsim kho | Qhov ntev ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov loj txaus, uas tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev phab ntsa, piv nrog cov cib zoo tib yam. Ceramic block yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm, qhov sib txawv no tsis yog kev txiav txim siab. |
| YThermal conductivity | Ob yam khoom ua tau zoo. Tab sis ceramic blocks yog denser. Aerated pob zeb yog me ntsis inferior nyob rau hauv no hwm. |
| Zoo yam ntxwv | Aerated qhob yog qhov qis dua rau cov blocks ceramic hauv qhov ntsuas no. |
| Phab ntsa thickness pom zoo | Yuav kom sib npaug qhov no, cov phab ntsa ceramic yuav tsum yog 200mm tuab. |
| Ua phab ntsa yuav tsum ua tiav | Aerated pob zeb phab ntsa kom meej meej yuav tsum tau ua tiav tom qab, ob qho tib si raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab hais txog kev zoo nkauj. Facing ceramic blocks tsis tas yuav ua tiav. |
| Absorbency | Vim nws qhov porosity, aerated pob zeb absorbs ntau noo noo ntau dua li ceramic blocks. Qhov no yog kev rho tawm loj. |
| Shrinkability | Aerated qhob yog qhov cuam tshuam rau nws. Shrinkage pab kom pom cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov phab ntsa aerated, uas tsis tuaj yeem hais txog ceramics. |
| Qhov txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov | Phab ntsa thiab muab faib ua los ntawm ob qho khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li cov khoom siv ceramic, tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau hauv cov khoom siv aerated pob zeb. |
| Price txawv | Ib lub tsev ib-zaj dab neeg ua los ntawm ceramic blocks yuav raug nqi rau nws tus tswv yam tsawg 15% ntau tshaj li tus nqi uas tshwm sim hauv kev kwv yees ntawm lub tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb aerated. Ob- thiab peb-zaj tsev loj ntawm lawv cov blocks ceramic yog nyob deb ntawm tus nqi pheej yig rau txhua tus. Ntawd yog, tus nqi ntawm cov pob zeb aerated qis dua. |
| KevDIY ua | Ceramic blocks yog tshwj xeeb tsim los ntawm kev lag luam txhais tau tias. Aerated qhob, tsis muaj autoclave, tuaj yeem ua los ntawm koj tus kheej. |
| Qhov txawv thaum tso phab ntsa | Tsis muaj qhov txawv tshwj xeeb. Aerated qhob blocks yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog txhua plaub kab. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm masonry, cov khoom yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau cov ncej. Qhov no tsis yog yuav tsum tau thaum lub tsev phab ntsa nrog ceramic blocks. |
Zoo kawg
Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov lus saum toj no, nws nyuaj rau cov lus nug: cov khoom siv twg zoo dua - aerated qhob lossis ceramic thaiv, dab tsi xaiv los ntawm lawv - yog qhov nyuaj. Txhua tus muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Qhov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm tus tsim tawm.
Zoo kawg
Cov neeg uas txhawj xeeb txog lub zog thiab noo noo tsis kam ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom siv ceramic. Cov neeg uas xav txog cov khoom siv no kim heev rau lawv tus kheej yuav xaiv cov pob zeb aerated. Tsis tas li ntawd, xav paub qhov twg zoo dua - ceramic thaiv lossis aerated pob zeb, nws raug nquahu kom sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij.
