Yog tias txawm muaj txoj kev zoo tib yam nyob ze koj lub tsev, koj tsis tas yuav piav qhia lub suab nrov li cas thiab nws cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb li cas. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yuav ua rau tib neeg tsis tu ncua khaus thiab nce nervousness. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub suab nrov yog ntsuas hauv decibels (db). Raws li cov qauv kev huv huv, hmo ntuj daim duab no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 30 dB, thiab thaum nruab hnub - 40 dB.
Kev ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig no yuav pab ntau yam khoom siv suab nrov, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam niaj hnub.
me ntsis txog lub suab tsis zoo
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv no yog los tiv thaiv chav los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm lub suab tsis tsim nyog rau hauv nws. Ib feem ntawm lub suab yog ncua thiab tawg, thiab ib feem ntawm nws yog reflected thiab rov qab mus rau sab nraud ib puag ncig. Lub soundproofing zoo ntawm lub tsev nws tus kheej yog characterized feem ntau ntawm cov phab ntsa thickness. Qhov tuab lawv yog, qhov tsawg dua yog tias huab cua vibrations yuav hloov tau lawv lub zog. Lub peev xwm "tshem tawm suab nrov" yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub suab rwb thaiv tsev Performance index, uas rau cov vaj tse zoo tib yam yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm 52 mus rau 60 dB. Qhob thiab cib, ib txwm cav thiab glued laminated ntoo muaj peev xwm zoo. Drywall, piv txwv li, tsis nqus suab zoo, tab sis muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, txog nws. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm kev thaiv cov suab nrov, tsis yog tsuas yog xav txog nws, tsim kom muaj suab nrov hauv chav nws tus kheej?
Sound absorption
Sound absorption yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm lub peev xwm los ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab ua kom tsis muaj zog yoj. Cov tshuaj uas muaj cov yam ntxwv no yog granular, fibrous, lossis cellular. Raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv dhau los, cov yam ntxwv soundproofing ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kev siv qhov taw qhia hu ua, raws li koj yuav twv, lub suab nqus coefficient. Lub spectrum ntawm tus nqi no tsis dav heev: los ntawm 0 mus rau 1. Yog hais tias lub suab yog kiag li reflected, tus nqi ntawm qhov taw qhia yog "0", yog hais tias nws yog absorbed tag - "1". Cov ntaub ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv lub tsev yog qhov txawv ntawm lub suab tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog qhov ntsuas tsawg kawg yog 0.4.
Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim suab-absorbing
Kev siv cov khoom nqus dej tsis tas yuav tseg rau cov neeg tsim khoom tshaj lij. Yog li, qhov yooj yim fiberglass, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm yuav luag txhua lub tsev muag khoom, tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov kws tshaj lij. Txawm tias los ntawm kev tso cov ntaub pua plag tuab rau hauv pem teb ntawm chav tsev, koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov suab nrov nrov. Txawm nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas cov kev xaiv noTsis siv tau, muaj txoj hauv kev los ua kom "tso siab" ib puag ncig: rooj tog nrog cov ntaub pua tsev tuab absorbs ntau lub suab nrov, nrog rau cov ntaub thaiv hnyav, nrog rau lwm hom drapery.
Tau kawg, yog tias ua tau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab txoj hauv kev zoo dua los tiv thaiv lub suab nrov. Cov ntxaij vab tshaus acoustic nrog cov ntaub ntawv nqus tau tuaj yeem yuav los siv rau hauv cov chav uas nrov nrov feem ntau tsis tso cai (cov chaw zov me nyuam). Feem ntau ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus no tau tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv hauv txoj hauv kev kom tsis txhob "sib tshooj" cov qauv ntawm vaj tsev tsim. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, qhov no yog ib qho zoo heev soundproofing khoom rau cov phab ntsa nyob rau hauv lub tsev apartment. Hmoov tsis zoo, koj tsis tuaj yeem pom nws hauv txhua lub tsev loj, thiab tus nqi tsis yog tib neeg.
Suab nrov nrov. Dab tsi hem qhov nce suab nrov?
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias tus neeg nruab nrab nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm 25 dB. Yog tias tus nqi qis dua, ces muaj qhov "ringing" silence paub rau ntau tus, uas ua rau muaj kev xav tsis zoo ntawm lub hlwb. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog calmly zam lub suab nrov ntawm 60 dB, tab sis nrog kev nyob ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam nrog tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas no ntawm 90 dB, insomnia teeb tsa, uas sai sai rau hauv neuroses uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws loj.. Ntawm 100 dB thiab siab dua, muaj kev hem thawj ntawm kev tsis hnov lus tiav. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo li no, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj suab zoo tib yam nkaus xwb. Lawv yog mos, semi-hardthiab khov kho.
Cov yam ntxwv nyuaj
Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau tsim los ntawm cov ntaub plaub ntxhia pob zeb, tab sis muaj qhov zam. Yog li, muaj cov ntaub ntawv uas suav nrog ntuj pumice, "foamed" perlite, vermiculite. Lawv lub suab nqus coefficient yog 0.5. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 300-400 kg / m3.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws
Dua, lawv tau tsim los ntawm tib lub pob zeb hauv av, nrog rau fiberglass. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv ntau yam ntawm cov paj rwb zoo tib yam siv ntau zaus, xav tias kuj nrov heev. Rau cov ntaub ntawv no, lub suab nqus coefficient tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.7 txog 0.95. Tau kawg, lawv sib zog dua li ntau yam dhau los: lawv qhov hnyav tsis tshaj 70 kg / m 3.
Semi-rigid ntau yam
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, soundproofing cov ntaub ntawv rau ib chav tsev yog txhais tau tias, ua los ntawm iav ntaub plaub los yog ntxhia fiber, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Piv txwv li, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj feem ntau siv rau hauv lub peev xwm no. Semi-rigid ntau yam kuj muaj lub suab nrov zoo sib xws, uas tuaj yeem muaj li ntawm 0.5 txog 0.75. Qhov hnyav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 130 kg / m 3, tab sis ntau zaus tsis tshaj 80 kg / m. 3. Yog li, feem ntau, nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau hom mos, uas, nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, muaj lub suab zoo nqus coefficient.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau qhov chaw nyob?
Txawm li cas los xij,qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom "txoj cai" kuj tseem nyob ntawm seb hom suab cuam tshuam li cas hauv chav. Yog li, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsim cov suab nrov hauv huab cua (lub tshuab nqus tsev, tshuab plaub hau, khoos phis tawj). Yog tias peb tham txog kev taug kev, ntau yam kev tsim kho, thiab lwm yam, nws txhais tau tias lub suab nrov nrov. Nyob rau hauv peb tej yam kev mob, nws kuj tsis yog ib qho yooj yim rau ib lub tsev uas tsis tau siv ib txwm soundproofing ntaub ntawv thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm ib tug nruj thav duab kom tig mus rau hauv ib tug loj qhov chaw ntawm lub suab muaj kuab paug. Hauv qhov no, peb tab tom tham txog lub suab nrov.
Soundproofing cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov qauv cellular (pumice pob zeb, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj) ua tau zoo heev nrog kev poob siab loads. Cov suab nrov hauv huab cua, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau feem ntau thaj chaw nyob, yog zoo kawg nkaus damped nrog kev pab los ntawm fiberboards los yog lawv cov analogues. Alas, kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem daws tau tsuas yog tom qab txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb thiab siv cov gaskets tshwj xeeb nrog cov khoom pov thawj zoo.
Khaub xas cua
Koj yuav tsum paub tias tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv uas muaj peev xwm nqus tau cov suab nrov hauv huab cua yog qhov hu ua suab nqus qhov ntsuas (Rw), uas tau qhia hauv decibels. Nco ntsoov: txhawm rau kom tsis txhob hnov qab cov lus hais ntawm tsev neeg tom qab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov khoom siv suab nrov (siv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm qhov muab faib) yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm tsawg kawg 50 dB. Peb twb tau tham txog lub suab nqus coefficient: qhov ze nws yog kev sib koom ua ke, qhov zoo dua. Rau chav nyob, qhov ntsuas noyuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 0, 5.
Txoj kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv lub suab nrov tsis tsim nyog yog txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ntom ntom thiab loj hauv qab nthab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ua npuas ncauj qhob blocks thiab pob zeb nrog inclusions ntawm ib tug txaus ntim ntawm nthuav av nplaum tau proven lawv tus kheej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov phab ntsa yog tiag tiag ib tug monolithic qauv. Tsis pub muaj qhov tawg lossis qhov. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj sib txawv rau cov phab ntsa tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib qho kev tsim, yog tias muaj kev sib txuas zoo thiab monolithic ntawm lawv. Qhov no yog ua tiav nrog kev pab los ntawm kev daws teeb meem zoo. Qhov piv txwv "canonical" yog ib lub phab ntsa thaiv phab ntsa sib cais los ntawm kev sib ntsib cib lossis pob zeb dag thiab / lossis pob zeb ntuj.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb, txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseeb tias kev tsim kho cov qauv hauv ib lub tsev uas twb muaj lawm yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj heev thiab tsis tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias lub tsev nws tus kheej tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo, qhov kev ntsuas no yuav txo tau lub suab nrov tsuas yog 10-15 dB, uas tsis txaus rau lub suab rwb thaiv tsev.
Nws yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua los ua ib qho kev faib tawm raws li cov qauv muaj zog txaus thiab nruj siv ntau hom suab rwb thaiv tsev. Yog hais tias peb piv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj soundproofing nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ces koj yuav tsis pom ntau txawv txawm nrog cork flooring …
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsis yog tsuas yog ib lub cib los yog ua npuas ncauj blocks yuav ua tau ib tug nruj puag, tab sis txawm zoo tib yam drywall raws li ib tug ntoo beam, rau kev tsim khoom uas nws tau siv nyob rau hauv.ntoo kom qhuav. Qhov siab dua qhov ceev, qhov zoo dua lub peev xwm soundproofing ntawm cov khoom. Tau kawg, txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mos yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txwv cov suab nrov. Raws li peb tau hais lawm, hauv thaj chaw nyob nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv lawv cov fiber ntau, xws li cov ntaub plaub los yog fiberglass boards: lawv zoo tshaj plaws nqus cov suab nrov.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub qhov zoo thickness ntawm muab faib yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg tshaj li 50 hli. Thiab ntxiv. Tsawg kawg yog 50% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim sab hauv ntawm qhov muab faib yuav tsum tau sab laug rau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau cov phab ntsa, txwv tsis pub koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab. Tam sim no cia peb tham txog ntau yam.
iav ntaub plaub
Ua los ntawm cov fiberglass zoo tib yam. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog lub zog siab, nrog rau elasticity thiab kev co kuj. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj soundproof yog tsim los ntawm cov iav ntaub plaub. Nws cov yam ntxwv yog vim qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau qhov chaw huab cua ntawm cov fibers. Cov iav ntaub plaub muaj ntau yam zoo: nws tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kiag li txawm tias qhib nplaim taws, muaj qhov hnyav heev, tsis nqus dej noo nrog vapor permeability zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, paj rwb ntaub plaub yog chemically passive thiab tsis ua rau corrosion nyob rau hauv cov hlau uas nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txij li thaum muaj ntau soundproofing ntaub ntawv rau phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm nws lub hauv paus. Thaum kho ib chav tsev nrog nws cov kev pab, nws tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov ingress ntawm qhov me me ntawm iav ntaub plaub rau hauv. Txoj kev ua pa yog qhov tsis xav tau, thiab yog li nws yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab ua pa zoo.
Tej zaum, nws paub rau txhua tus tsim. Nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm melts ntawm (silicate) pob zeb, nrog rau los ntawm slag, uas yog pov tseg ntawm metallurgical industries. Raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv dhau los, cov khoom siv tsis raug rau kev qhib hluav taws, thiab kuj tsis ua rau corrosion ntawm hlau qauv uas nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag. Lub peev xwm nqus suab zoo heev yog vim muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov fibers ntau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev chaotic kiag li, intertwined daim ntawv.
ntawv tseem ceeb
Tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov ntaub plaub tsiaj thiab fiberglass, vim tias cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov fibers txawv. Rau iav ntaub plaub, nws qhov ntev yog tsawg kawg yog 5 cm, thaum rau cov ntxhia fiber ntau daim duab no tsis pub tshaj 1.5 cm. Tsis tas li ntawd, thawj cov khoom siv (mineral wool) yog qhov sib dua, thiab nws cov nqi qis dua. Hauv cov chav nrov nrov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj lub qab nthab acoustic: cov ntsiab lus xav txog nws yuav cuam tshuam ntau lub suab, thaum cov ntaub ntawv mos yuav nqus tau zoo. Cov yav tas yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm "neeg haiv neeg" qab nthab thiab txheej txheej ntawm acoustic txheej.
Kev tsim cov vaj huam sib luag sandwich
Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm, lawv tau npaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm ZIPS system. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua cov suab tsis zoo rau cov phab ntsa ib leeg ua los ntawm cov khoom siv (cib lossis pob zeb). Structurely, xws li panels yog heev yooj yim, txij li thaummuaj cov sandwich panels thiab npog cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm drywall. Lub "sandwich" nws tus kheej muaj tib lub phab ntsa ntub dej, uas yog interspersed nrog cov ntaub plaub los yog fiberglass. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov qauv tshwj xeeb nrog cov thicknesses sib txawv ntawm "cov khoom siv" tuaj yeem xaiv rau cov chav sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb, qee cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau lub qhov rooj yog ua los ntawm hom no.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag no yog tias, tsis muaj hlau thav duab, lawv yog qhov hnyav heev thiab tuaj yeem txuas rau phab ntsa siv cov ntsia hlau zoo tib yam ntawm qhov ntev. Nco ntsoov tias nws raug nquahu kom tso lub gasket tshwj xeeb rau lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa uas muaj cov kabmob lossis txawm tias muab faib. Tsis zoo li cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los, ZIPS belongs rau qeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, uas txwv tsis pub siv cov vaj huam sib luag hauv chav da dej thiab lwm chav uas muaj peev xwm tiv tau lawv nrog cov nplaim taws qhib.
Nyob ntawm tus qauv, lub thickness ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem ncav cuag 13 centimeters. Nrog rau qhov ntsuas no, lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ntsuas yog 18 dB. Yog li, thaum dai ZIPS ntawm cov tuab ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm qhov chaw nyob, qhov kev tiv thaiv suab tuaj yeem ncav cuag 63-65 dB. Thov nco ntsoov: koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo li no rau cov phab ntsa thaum kho chav tsev tsuas yog tias cov qauv thauj khoom muaj zog txaus, txij li qhov hnyav ntawm ib square meter ntawm ZIPS tuaj yeem ncav cuag 21 kg, lossis ntau dua.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm cov suab nrov?
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj yuav tsum tau siv xws li kev tsim kho uastuaj yeem tawm tsam thiab tawg suab nrov tsis yog nqus lawv. Porous, elastic cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj no. Cov kev xaiv siv feem ntau yog nrog cov hlua tshwj xeeb, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm theem ntawm kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb tiav.
Cork hauv ob sab
Ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb uas tiv taus pwm, hluav taws kub, fungus thiab nas. Heev inert nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom neeg cov ntsiab lus, kiag li muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau txhua hom hlau lug. Lub neej ua haujlwm tuaj yeem tshaj 40 xyoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntau yam tuaj yeem txo cov suab nrov tam sim ntawd los ntawm 12 dB. Alas, tus nqi qee zaum hla txhua qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, txij li lawv thov rau tsib lossis rau las ib square meter. Ntawm tus nqi tam sim no, tus nqi me me … Yog tias nws tsis yog rau qhov xwm txheej no, cork floors tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog "cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj zoo tshaj plaws."
YPolyethylene ua npuas ncauj
Ntau "pob nyiaj" xaiv rau kev tiv thaiv suab nrov. Foamed polyethylene muaj qhov ntom ntawm 20 mus rau 80 kg / m 3, uas ua rau nws siv tau hauv yuav luag txhua yam ntawm thaj chaw nyob. Nws muaj ob peb ntau yam nyob rau hauv ib zaug:
- Tsis tau. Molecules ntawm ib yam khoom tsis txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm kev sib cog lus tshuaj. Qhov ntau yam pheej yig tshaj plaws, tuaj yeem txo cov suab nrov los ntawm peb mus rau plaub decibels.
- Lub cev stitched. Ib txhia ntawm cov molecules tsim ib tug heev ntom qauv. Vim li no, lub suab pov thawj ntawm hom kev hloov pauv no siab dua (tso cai rau koj kom txo suab nrov los ntawm tsib mus rau rau decibels). Raws li hom no, qee qhovsoundproofing qab nthab cov ntaub ntawv.
- Tshuaj sib txuas. Molecules muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog ua ke nrog ib leeg. Vim li no, cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov cim qhia uas tsuas yog me ntsis qis dua rau cov cork hauv ob sab phlu.
Txawm hais tias hom polyethylene, nws yog qhov zoo los siv nws thaum txhim kho pob zeb screed, nws muab tso rau hauv qab parquet board thiab laminate. Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv dag zog rau cov pob qij txha. Lub cev muaj zog, tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj. Flammable, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv cov chav uas muaj qhov qhib nplaim taws. Nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob sai sai poob nws cov khoom tiv thaiv. Nws yog undesirable rau nteg xws li ib tug substrate nyob rau hauv private chav, vim hais tias nws hnav sai sai nyob rau hauv lub zog mechanical loads. Nws tsis tso cai rau cov dej noo dhau mus, uas nyob rau qee kis tsim cov txheej txheem ua ntej rau kev txhim kho pwm. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj hauv pem teb (linings) yog tsim los ntawm nws, vim tus nqi ntawm polyethylene yog tsawg heev.
