Cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo niaj hnub no txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov. Tam sim no, tsuas yog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lawv ntau yam yog tsim. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws vim tus nqi qis yog bitumen-polymer thiab yob cov ntaub ntawv. Peb yuav tham txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lawv, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov kev teeb tsa hauv qab no.
Ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yob
Ib zaug dhau los, tsuas yog cov khoom siv vov tsev thiab cov vov tsev tau siv los tiv thaiv lub ru tsev thiab lub hauv paus. Niaj hnub no lawv kuj tseem nrov heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem siv lawv cov khoom siv niaj hnub thiab kim dua, uas muaj kev ntseeg siab dua thiab ruaj khov. Cov no suav nrog:
- Cov khoom siv iav vov tsev. Hauv cov khoom siv niaj hnub, cardboard yog siv los ua lub hauv paus. Hauv qhov no, nws yog hloov los ntawm fiberglass. Xws li cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo tuaj yeem siv tau ntev txog 15 xyoos.
- Cov ntaub ntawv yob ntog. Lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev yog tias ntawm lawv sab qis muaj twb muaj lawmmuaj ib txheej bituminous. Gluing yog ua los ntawm cua sov nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Cov khoom siv tus kheej nplaum yob. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, sab nraub qaum ntawm lub panels yog smeared nrog ib tug polymer muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab them nrog ib zaj duab xis. Tom qab tshem tawm tom kawg, cov khoom siv tsuas yog muab tso rau ntawm lub ru tsev. Gluing tshwm sim thaum lub canvases tau rhuab los ntawm tshav ntuj.
- Cov hom phiaj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cardboard, fiberglass lossis lwm yam khoom siv tsis yog siv los ua substrate. Lub canvas yog tag nrho ntawm ib tug polymer nrog additives.
- Gidroizol. Daim ntawv asbestos yog siv los ua substrate.
Yuav tsum tau rau dov waterproofing los ntawm GOST
Cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej tsis zoo yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov zoo. Raws li cov kev cai, qhov yooj yim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev (GOST 10923-64) yuav tsum yog xws li cov kab nrib pleb tsis tshwm rau nws thaum twisted rau hauv yob nrog ib txoj kab uas hla:
- 20 hli rau qib RP-250;
- 30 hli - rau RP-420 thiab RF-350.
Rau cov ntawv vov tsev (GOST 10999-64) cov ntsuas no yog:
- 10 hli - ntawm 20 degrees Celsius;
- 20 mm - rau ru tsev tawv;
- 30 hli rau cov khoom siv hmoov.
Ntxiv rau, dov cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj dej tsis zoo raug sim rau kev tiv thaiv kom tawg nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia longitudinal thiab transverse. Kev ntsuam xyuas kuj tau ua tiav ntawm qib dej tsis kam, tsis muaj zog thaum saturated nrog dej, muaj delamination thiab tiav ntawm impregnation.
Yog li, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj dej tsis zoo raug kuaj xyuas (GOST 2678-65). Cov qauv raug coj los ua raws li GOST 2551-75.
Ntau yam ntawm bituminous waterproofing
Qee lub ru tsev thiab lub hauv paus muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws los ntawm roj-raws li mastics. Nws kuj yog ib txoj kev pheej yig, thiab kev siv tshuab yooj yim. Cov nram qab no ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog tam sim no tsim:
- Bitumen-polymer mastics. Lawv yog cov sib tov raws li polymers, roj av bitumen, roj hmab thiab ntau yam additives. Ua tsaug rau qhov tom kawg, cov khoom siv polymeric waterproofing tau viscosity thiab tsis kam tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub xub ntiag ntawm xws li additives nce lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm mastic.
- Bitumen mastics. Muaj ib- thiab ob-khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tshwj xeeb additives, hluavtaws los yog ntuj, kuj siv.
- Bitumen-polymer emulsions. Qhov ntau yam no feem ntau yog siv rau cov dej ntxhia hauv dej. Lawv yog cov dej bituminous emulsions nrog ntxiv cov ntxhia emulsifiers thiab hluavtaws latex.
Yuav ua li cas yob thiab cov khoom siv bituminous tuaj yeem siv rau
Cov ntau yam ntawm cov dej tsis muaj dej tuaj yeem siv rau:
- Txoj kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov khoom yog muab tso rau hauv ob peb txheej.
- Ua cov phab ntsa, hauv qab thiab sab saum toj ntawm lub hauv paus. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws yuavob qho tib si bituminous thiab yob cov khoom siv tau.
- rwb thaiv tsev hauv qab daus sab hauv thiab tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yob cov ntaub ntawv yog feem ntau nteg nyob rau hauv pem teb, thiab cov phab ntsa yog coated nrog bituminous mastic. Txawm li cas los xij, yav tas los rau cov dej hauv qab daus tsis ntev los no tau siv tsawg thiab tsawg. Qhov tseeb yog vim qhov kev nkag mus ntawm cov dej hauv av los ntawm cov phab ntsa pob zeb, cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim los ntawm nws tuaj yeem tawm mus. Tam sim no, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa hauv qab daus, cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub feem ntau yog siv - nkag mus thiab txhaj tshuaj.
Kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv yob
Koj tuaj yeem siv cov dej tsis zoo li no rau ntawm lub ru tsev nrog txoj kab nqes ntawm txoj kab nqes tsis tshaj 25 g. Cov haujlwm hauv qhov no yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo yog dov tawm thiab tawm hauv txoj haujlwm no rau ib hnub. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog thiaj li ua rau nws ncaj tawm. Koj tuaj yeem yooj yim unroll lub yob thiab yob nws upside down.
- Lub ru tsev saum npoo yog ntxuav kom huv ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab plua plav.
- Yuav nce mus saum ru tsev.
- Ib tug neeg smears lub ru tsev nto nrog rhuab bituminous mastic, tus thib ob yob tawm lub yob.
Yog li, yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv tiv thaiv vov tsev yog mounted. Thaum gluing, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov ntsiab lus ntsug, cov pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam.
Rules to follow
Thaum txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv yob, yuav tsum tau ua raws li hauv qab nocov cai:
- Rau qhov nqes hav nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination tsawg dua 15 gr. dov cov ntaub ntawv yog nteg nyob rau hauv parallel mus rau lub ridge los ntawm lub hauv qab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov sib tshooj ntawm lub cornice sawb yuav tsum yog kwv yees li 15 cm, nyob rau hauv lub ridge - 25 cm.
- Ntawm qhov chaw siab dua 15 cm, cov khoom siv vov tsev feem ntau yog nteg hla, dov cov strips los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab. Qhov sib tshooj ntawm cov skate hauv qhov no yuav tsum yog li 40 cm.
- Laps yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov strips: 10 cm longitudinal thiab 15 cm kawg.
- Cov pob qij txha ntawm cov canvases yuav tsum tsis txhob sib sau ua ke hauv ib qho chaw.
- Nyob hauv hav, ua ntej gluing qhov slopes, koj yuav tsum tau nteg peb txheej ntawm vov tsev. Qhov no zoo heev txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xau. Kev teeb tsa ntxiv yog nqa tawm nrog cov alternating hav thiab pitched txheej.
Ntau txheej xav tau
Txhawm rau kom lub ru tsev tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau li qhov ua tau, ntau yam khoom siv vov tsev tau muab tso rau ntawm nws. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog mounted los ntawm cov khoom uas tsis muaj sprinkling. Xws li ruberoid yog pheej yig dua. Sprinkled khoom yog pw rau saum. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev nqes hav:
- ntau dua 15 g. - 2 txheej;
- 5-15g. - 3 txheej;
- 0-5 g. - 4 txheej.
Blaid waterproofing khoom: installation
Kev tiv thaiv lub ru tsev nrog hom kev tiv thaiv dej yog ua raws li hauv qab no:
- thawj txheej tuaj yeem kho rau lub ru tsev nrog ntsia hlau.
- Kev pib ntawm qhov qis tshaj plaws.
- Tom ntej no, cov yob yog dov tawm thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau mounted.
- ntug kab txaij nce thiab sov.
- Tom ntej yuav tsum nrujnias tiv thaiv saum npoo ntawm ramp.
- Cov ntaub yob rov qab mus rau qhov chaw nplaum.
- Maj mam dov tawm lub yob, ua kom sov nws sab qis thiab lub hauv paus nrog lub qhov cub. Nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub, ib tug menyuam ntawm cov kua bitumen yuav tsim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub web.
- Tom qab gluing, lawv dhau ntawm daim ntaub nrog cov menyuam tshwj xeeb kom tshem tawm cov npuas hauv qab nws.
Txoj cai kev teeb tsa
Kev sib tshooj nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev siv cov khoom tso tawm yog ua tib yam li thaum siv cov khoom siv vov tsev. Thaum hla cov strips nrog cov menyuam, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau cov npoo. Txav cov cuab yeej no ntawm lub kaum sab xis - los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub canvas sab nraud. Nws tsis tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm lub ru tsev tshiab.
YSiv bituminous mastics
Tsis zoo li dov, cov khoom siv dej tsis sib haum ntawm ntau yam no feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv cov hauv paus los ntawm cov dej noo ntau dua li cov ru tsev. Kev ua haujlwm hauv qhov no yog ua raws li hauv qab no:
- Ntawm qhov chaw huv si huv huv.
- Txias mastic yog tov kom txog thaum ib homogeneous muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txais, kub mastic yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub ntawm tsawg kawg yog 160 gr.
- Ntxiv mus, cov khoom siv yog siv rau saum npoo, feem ntau yog ob txheej, cov tuab uas ntawm cov kab rov tav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100 hli, ntawm cov qauv ntsug - txog 60 hli.
Rau lub ru tsev, bituminous mastics yog siv los ua kua nplaum rau cov khoom siv vov tsev.
Modern yob thiab bitumenwaterproofing cov ntaub ntawv yog txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj. Kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa ua ke nrog tsis muaj nqi ntau dhau ua rau lawv nrov heev. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, ob hom no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov dej tsis muaj dej ntau yam ntawm cov tsev. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau siv ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug thiab hauv kev lag luam.
