Peb tshuav qhov zoo li stainless hlau rau engineer Harry Brearley. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj hu ua chromium rau cov hlau, nws tau sim ua kom lub melting point. Qhov no yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov phom loj loj. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm xws thwmsim, nws muab tawm hais tias lub resulting alloy muaj qhov sib txawv piv rau lwm tus. Lawv yog cov tshuaj resistant. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsim ntawm chromium oxide zaj duab xis rau saum npoo.
Kev tshawb fawb ntawm stainless hlau pib xyoo 1871, thiab thawj patent tau sau npe hauv xyoo 1913 nkaus xwb. Cov niaj hnub analogue ntawm stainless hlau, uas ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev cai rau lub zog thiab tshuaj zog, tau txais nyob rau hauv 1924 los ntawm ib tug kws tshawb fawb hu ua Hartfield.
nkag siab yooj yim ntawm stainless hlau
Nyob rau hauv cov npe lossis lwm yamNyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, corrosion-resistant steel muaj raws li nram no: "steel qib 08X18H10". Qhov no txhais tau tias nws muaj cov hauv qab no:
- carbon - tsis ntau tshaj 0.8%;
- chrome - 18%;
- nickel - 10%.
Cov no yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb, tab sis lwm cov kev suav nrog kuj muaj nyob hauv cov hlau, lawv feem pua tsis tshaj 1%.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb stainless hlau
Corrosion-resistant steel yog siv los ua cov khoom zoo xws li:
- stainless hlau;
- daim hlau;
- cov kav dej ntawm ntau cov phab ntsa thicknesses thiab sab hauv diameters;
- cov khoom lag luam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lub riam hauv tsev thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom no.
Stainless hlau
Zoo li lwm yam khoom siv hlau, hlau yog tsim raws li cov qauv Lavxias tam sim no.
Tswj cov khoom siv xws li stainless hlau, GOST 18143-72. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muaj qhov tuab ntawm 0.3 txog 6 millimeters.
Cov hlau no tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom kawg thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav ntxiv los ntawm kev tsim. Tom qab ntawd los ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem tau txais:
- chains nrog qhov sib txawv qhov sib txawv,
- kab sib chaws nrog sib txawv ntawm tes,
- caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Ntu ntu ntawm cov hlau no feem ntau yog puag ncig, tab sis oval lossis square hom kuj tuaj yeem pom. Lub round seem yog yooj yim heev rausiv cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem vuam tib yam stainless hlau.
Stainless hlau muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
- siab corrosion tsis kam mus rau ya raws, nruj kev lag luam ib puag ncig thiab condensate;
- xaim nrog cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm molybdenum, chromium, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, silicon, vanadium muaj cov cua sov siab, kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev.
Siv cov hlau tsis muaj hlau
Vim nws lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, ua haujlwm rau acidic thiab alkaline ib puag ncig, stainless hlau xaim tau siv dav hauv ob qho kev qhia:
- knitting hauv ropes;
- welding;
- weaving mesh rau lim.
Stainless hlau, tus nqi sib txawv ntawm 120 txog 350 rubles ib kilogram, nyob ntawm qhov tuab thiab nta, yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li:
- machine-building;
- kev lag luam;
- roj;
- tshuaj;
- food.
vuam hlau
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg xav tau metallurgists los tsim cov hlau muaj peev xwm tswj xyuas cov khoom siv tshuab siab hauv qhov chaw nruj heev. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ntau yam tshuaj, qee qhov kev lag luam kuj xav tau cov khoom uas cov hlau tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias. Stainless hlau daws tau ntau yam teeb meem no. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj lwm yam khoom siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj.
Cov qib niaj hnub ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv hlau ua rau nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam nyuaj, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, vuam cov pob qij txha tsis tuaj yeem faib nrog. Stainless hlau yog siv rau vuam cov khoom nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib dhos uas raug rau ib puag ncig nruj.
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj vuam hlau muaj yog thaum nws siv, cov vuam siv tau huv si, tsis muaj teeb meem slags thiab cov kab mob cab. Ua tsaug rau kev siv cov khoom siv stainless hlau, lub seam nws tus kheej tsis raug oxidation. Tus nqi them rau qhov zoo li no yog qhov txheej txheem vuam hauv qhov no yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab cov khoom siv tau kim heev.
Stainless hlau xaim tsuas yog siv hauv kev siv vuam tsis siv neeg. Nws yog muab los ntawm lub tshuab pub mis tsis siv neeg, thiab tam sim no dhau los ntawm nws.
Cov roj tiv thaiv nkag mus rau thaj tsam arc, uas tshem tawm cov neeg ua haujlwm oxidizing, vim qhov no, cov seam tau txiav tag nrho thiab tag nrho cov khoom txuas nrog.
vuam hlau yog qhov txhab rau hauv lub nruas steel nrog qhov ntev mus txog 50 meters. Qhov nruab nrab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub nruas yog 50 millimeters. Cov hlau yog pub los ntawm spindle los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm ob lub clamping coils. Oblique grooves raug txiav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov hlau yog ruaj khov thiab pub rau vuam phom. Ua ntej winding stainless hlau, nws yog huv si huv si ntawm av thiab txawv teb chaws teeb meem.
vuam hlau cim
Hlau yog uatxias dov thiab kub ua haujlwm. Nws muaj ob hom kev raug - ib txwm thiab nce. Hauv qhov xwm txheej kawg, tom qab kos npe, tsab ntawv P tau muab tso rau hauv pawg.
Stainless hlau muaj ob lub cim tseem ceeb - hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws.
Russian kos npe muaj daim ntawv sau lej - 10X17H13M2T. Cov ntawv hauv qab no ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv thiab cov lej txhais tau tias nws cov qauv sab hauv thiab cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov lej txiav txim siab qhov feem pua ntawm ib lub ntsiab lus, thiab tsab ntawv - lub caij nws tus kheej. Cov ntawv luv luv saum toj no sawv cev rau:
- 0, 1% carbon;
- chrome - 17%;
- nickel - 13%
- manganese - 2%
- tsab ntawv T txhais tau tias cov hlau yog tsim los ntawm kev kho cua sov.
Tus qauv European yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab tsis muaj ib qho cim raws li cov qauv. Txhua lub tuam txhab steel patents nws muaj pes tsawg leeg.
