Cov khoom siv dag zog (RC) yog cov khoom siv muaj zog uas siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab kev tsim kho hauv tsev rau kev tsim kho ntau yam qauv.
Cov khoom siv dag zog yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov pwm tuaj yeem siv tau, thiab lawv cov kev ua haujlwm siab tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hlau ntxiv. Cov khoom siv pob zeb tau raug thauj mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho uas twb muaj lawm.
Tim cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog
Tsis yog txhua tus paub tias cov khoom siv pob zeb yog dab tsi. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj, functional yam ntxwv thiab technical zog. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau sib txawv, tus naj npawb ntawm cov sib tov (txiv qaub, Portriced thiab tensioned, khoom thiab ua ke.
Qhov feem ntau thiab xav tau hauv peb lub sijhawm yog cov pob zeb ua pob zeb (txoj kev thiab hauv pem teb slabs), phab ntsa vaj huam sib luag, cov pob zeb ua vaj tse, pawg thiab cov hauv paus thaiv.
paving slabs
Muaj ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj thiab muaj cov pob zeb ntxiv. Siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm airfield, mus tas li thiab ib ntus txoj kev, raws li zoo raws li lub hauv paus rau asph alt.
Txhua tusNtau yam ntawm cov phiaj no muaj nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv.
Plaub slabs
Cov khoom yog dab tsi, tsis yog txhua tus paub. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem uas faib cov tsev thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau hauv cov plag tsev sib cais. Lawv yuav luag ib txwm ua los ntawm cov pob zeb muaj zog.
Nrhiav lawv daim ntawv thov feem ntau hauv kev tsim cov tsev qis thiab cov chaw. Muaj ntau ntau hom slabs.
Monolithic
Koj tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav lawv muag, vim lawv tau tsim tawm ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho: formwork tau muab tso rau, ib lub mesh reinforcing yog knitted rau hauv qhov chaw npaj thiab qhob sib tov yog poured.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov slabs hauv pem teb no muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm los txhim kho cov khoom ntawm txhua yam duab.
Qhov tsis zoo: qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm qhov siab. Ntau lub sij hawm yog siv rau kev npaj thiab ua hauj lwm, dua li, nyob rau hauv lub caij txias, pob zeb dries ntev.
Multi-hollow
hom nrov tshaj plaws hauv pem teb slabs, siv nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cua sov mains.
Lawv 0.6-2.4m dav thiab 2.4-6.6m ntev. Rau kev ncua ntev, 12 m ntev slabs raug txiav txim, tab sis lawv tsuas yog siv nrog kev txhawb nqa ntxiv.
txiaj ntsig:
- Kev sib txuas lus (cov kav dej phwj tuaj, cables, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv qhov khoob.
- pob zeb txuag, thiab yog li tus nqi qis.
- Nco lub suab nrov nrov.
Hollow-core floor slabs yogntau ntau yam.
PC - ua los ntawm kev txhawb zog, hlau ncej thiab cement. Lawv muaj mounting rings kom yooj yim installation thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos ntawm cov pob zeb ua vaj tse. Standard qhov siab - 22 cm. Siv nyob rau hauv ib txwm siv ntawm high-sawv vaj tse.
PB (formworkless) yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tsev qis thiab cov qauv. Mounting rings yog ploj lawm. Tus qauv qhov siab ntawm lub pob zeb ua kom muaj zog yog 22 cm. Cov qab nthab tuaj yeem txiav ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45⁰, vim tias stressed reinforcement yog tam sim no tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub longitudinal kev npaj ntawm slab. Qhov no yog indisputable ntxiv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm complex non-standard khoom.
NPO yog cov slabs hauv pem teb. Tus qauv phaj siab yog 16 cm, thiab lawv yog 6 cm nqaim dua PC thiab PB.
Solid floor slab constructions
Beamless muaj qhov tiaj tus, mounted rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab kab. Pom zoo rau cov plag tsev hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse.
Ribbed pem teb slabs (U-puab) yog hla kab teeb uas muaj cov pob zeb, Siv tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj seismic kev ua si, nyob rau hauv ib tug huab cua kub tsis qis tshaj -40⁰ C. Siv rau kev tsim kho cov chaw tsim khoom thiab chaw muag khoom.
Caissons zoo ib yam li ribbed pem teb slabs, tab sis ib txheej nyias ntawm cov pob zeb sib tov yog nchuav ntawm cov kab teeb. Siv rau kev tsim kho vaj tse.
Phab ntsa panels (SP)
Qhov no yog ib yam khoom siv pob zeb uas siv los txhim kho cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nrauv. Lawv qhov dav yog 3000-7200 hli, tuab 200-350 hli rau kev sib koom ua ke sab nraud thiab30-160mm rau sab hauv tsev JV, thiab qhov siab yog ib pem teb.
Cov pob zeb ua vaj huam sib luag sab nrauv phab ntsa yog ib txheej thiab txheej (pob txheej + thermal rwb thaiv tsev). Sab nraum zoov ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag yog them nrog cov khoom zoo nkauj-resistant mortars lossis cov khoom. Sab hauv yog leveled nrog plaster.
Pros of using JV:
- easy installation;
- kev nrawm;
- versatility;
- moisture resistance;
- lightness of tiav kev tsim kho.
Cons of using JV:
- pob suab rwb thaiv tsev;
- tsis tuaj yeem tshawb pom ntxov thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xws luag.
Reinforced concrete rings (RC)
Qhov no yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev npaj tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb, crushed pob zeb, xuab zeb, siv hlau reinforcement. Rings yog siv rau hauv kev teeb tsa cov dej tshuaj xyuas thiab lwm qhov dej, kev teeb tsa cov kav dej, hauv qab cov kav dej thiab cov kav dej, rau cov dej haus.
ZHBK qhov ntev:
- KC-10: puab txoj kab uas hla 1000mm, qhov siab 900mm.
- KC-20: puab txoj kab uas hla 2000mm, qhov siab 900mm.
ZHBK muaj 3 hom:
- nrog xauv lub nplhaib mechanism;
- ncaj (tsis muaj xauv);
- filtration (nrog qhov hla tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm lub nplhaib);
Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, kho cov nplhaib ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, cov nplhaib ntxiv ntawm ntau qhov siab, nrog rau kev sib tshooj yog siv.
pob zeb pob zeb
Muab lub sijhawm los txuas raukhoom av thaum tsim lub hauv paus, nce lub zog ntawm cov qauv. Muaj ntau ntau hom pawg:
- Piles nrog cov khoom square seem thiab lub thav duab ua los ntawm kev txhawb nqa nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 12 hli. Sab saum toj ntawm cov pawg yog ua los ntawm 5 txheej ntawm cov hlau nplaum rau lub zog thaum tsav tsheb.
- Pile ntawm square seem nrog ib puag ncig kab noj hniav.
- Pile nrog ntu ncig.
Foundation blocks
Muab tso rau hauv qhov khawb av los npaj lub hauv paus. Mounted ntawm cement mortar hauv ib lossis ntau kab sib nrug.
Pros and cons of use
Dab tsi yog cov pob zeb muaj zog, tau kawg. Lawv txoj kev tsim txiaj:
- txhim kho lub zog;
- zoo tiv taus;
- durability;
- reliability;
- hluav taws kub;
- tsim khoom ntawm ib qho duab;
- Nyiaj txiag.
Flaws:
- siv cov khoom siv vaj huam sib luag thaum xa khoom thiab lwm yam khoom siv tshwj xeeb thaum lub sij hawm txhim kho cov khoom ua vaj tse ntxiv;
- nyuaj khaws cov khoom ua vaj tse (ntawm qhov cua tshuab pa);
- kev vam khom ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nchuav monolithic floor slabs);
- Cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj xav tau.
Niaj hnub no, cov khoom siv pob zeb ua kom muaj zog tau nquag siv thiab siv dav hauv kev tsim kho, ob qho tib si hauv kev tsim cov skyscrapers thiab hauv kev tsim lub teb chaws lub tsev. Reinforced pob zeb tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Tab sis nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog ua raws li cov cuab yeej tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog tuaj yeem lav qhov zoo ntawm ob qho tib si.cov khoom siv nws tus kheej, thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub tsev tsim. Thaum muaj kev tsis ntseeg, koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij. Nws yuav tuaj yeem piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov khoom siv pob zeb yog dab tsi.
