Thaum pom thawj zaug, qhov pib hauv chav dej yog qhov tsis pom tseeb uas zoo li tsis muaj lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb. Tab sis nws tsis yog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, xav txog qhov degree ntawm nws functionality. Ib qho chaw pib hauv chav dej yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej hauv txhua lub tsev, uas tau sau tawm hauv cov lej hauv tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau mus rau lub installation ntawm cov qauv me me no lub luag haujlwm. Yog li, yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau cov qauv no kom nws thiaj li muaj txiaj ntsig?
Nws puas tsim nyog?
Tom qab kho hauv chav tsev, theem ntawm chav dej hauv pem teb feem ntau piv nrog rau qib hauv lwm chav. Feem ntau, BTI yuav tsis pom zoo rau cov kev hloov pauv no. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis xav tau kev tso cai raug cai rau kev txhim kho zoo li no. Tab sis yog tias koj puas xav muag koj cov khoom, koj yuav muaj teeb meem nrog qhov no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua tam sim ntawd txhua yam raws li cov cai uas tau sau tseg hauv cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntsig txogkev kho dua tshiab.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov pib hauv chav dej yog tswj hwm los ntawm SNiP. Cov kev cai hais tias theem hauv pem teb hauv chav dej yuav tsum yog 1.5-2 cm qis dua hauv lwm chav, chav tsev yuav tsum tau sib cais los ntawm qhov chaw pib, uas tso cai rau koj kom muaj sijhawm txaus nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov dej ntws los tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no. Ua li no koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv dej nyab ntawm tag nrho lub tsev. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem muab cov lus teb tsis tseeb - qhov pib hauv chav dej yuav tsum yog. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav ua kom cov nyhuv no los ntawm kev tiv thaiv phab ntsa hauv chav dej 15-20 cm ntawm hauv qab.
Muaj qhov pib hauv chav dej muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
- tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj dej ntws tawm ntawm lub tsev thaum muaj qhov xau;
- tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm plua plav, cua ntsawj ntshab, tsw ntxhiab tsw;
- ntxiv suab povtseg ntawm chav.
Qee tus kws tshaj lij tsis ua sills. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, qhov sib txawv yog tsim los ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw pib hauv chav dej thiab txoj kev hauv tsev. Qhov no yog kwv yees li 2 cm. Koj tuaj yeem tsim ib lub hauv pem teb nrog txoj kab nqes maj mam mus rau chav dej.
Tab sis cov kev xaiv no xav tau kev nqis peev ntau dua ntawm lub sijhawm, kev siv zog thiab nyiaj txiag, piv rau kev tsim cov txiv ntoo zoo.
Cov Kev Xav Tau
chav dej yog chav tshwj xeeb hauv tsev. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv tag nrho cov khoom tiav, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev. Cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm chav tsev no yog cov av noo siab thiab tam sim ntawd hloov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, condensation feem ntau tshwm, pwm.
Yog li ntawd, txhua yam khoom uas yuav yogsiv hauv chav no yuav tsum yog:
- moisture resistant;
- tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj;
- tiv taus kub heev.
qhov pib ua tiav thiab kho dua tshiab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xav. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ua ib qho qauv uas yuav tsis muaj qhov khoob thiab tawg. Cov khoom siv yuav tsum ruaj, muaj zog, tiv taus ya raws. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob plam. Thiab, tau kawg, cov khoom siv yuav tsum mus zoo nrog rau sab hauv ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev thiab chav dej.
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv los ua qhov pib
Ua ntej koj pib ua qhov pib hauv chav dej, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog cov khoom siv los ntawm cov qauv yuav ua. Niaj hnub no, rau cov hom phiaj no, kev xaiv loj txaus:
- metal;
- tsob ntoo;
- pob zeb;
- plastic;
- smart threshold.
Hlau sills tuaj yeem sib txawv: ntau theem, ib theem, kaum. Lawv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog kev hnav khaub ncaws siab.
Ntoo sills rau chav dej yog ib qho yooj yim ua thiab feem ntau ua. Ntoo yog cov khoom siv ib puag ncig, yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog kev ntxhib los mos zoo nkauj. Xws li ib tug pib yuav ua tau ntawm nws tus kheej. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum paub txog qhov siab ntawm chav tsev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab kev nyiam rau cov ntoo xws li ntoo qhib, larch. Xws li ntoo yog noo noo resistant, ruaj.
pob zebcov sills yog ib qho tsim tsis tshem tawm. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm koj tus kheej. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav sab nraud thiab dej tsis zoo. Ib txoj kab nqes du kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no yog tias hauv pem teb hauv chav dej nyob hauv qab theem ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev. Raws li cov khoom tiav rau cov pob zeb ua pob zeb, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov khoom siv ceramic - cov khoom siv granite, pobzeb. Qee zaum siv laminate thiab linoleum. Lub kaum sab nrauv ntawm cov txiv ntoo tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog moldings, ua rau nws ua kom zoo nkauj txuas ntxiv ntawm hauv pem teb ntawm chav tsev.
Yas sills hauv chav dej thiab chav dej yog suav tias yog qhov pheej yig tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam khoom ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim. Cov sills zoo li ntxim nyiam, tab sis, hmoov tsis, lawv tsis ruaj khov.
Smart threshold tau pom ntau ntxiv hauv cov tsev niaj hnub. Nws yog ua los ntawm cov roj hmab zoo. Nws raug txiav rau hauv lub qhov rooj nplooj kom thaum lub qhov rooj qhib, qhov chaw pib yuav luag tsis pom.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, muaj ntau yam khoom siv los ua cov txiv ntoo hauv chav dej. Daim duab ntawm cov qauv no yuav pab txhua tus tswv tsev txiav txim siab txog kev xaiv tsim.
Ntau yam khoom siv hlau
Feem ntau, hlau sills yog tsim los ntawm lub teeb alloys. Lawv nto yuav muaj xim sib txawv: tawv, pob zeb, ntoo, kub, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem ua los ntawm:
- Steel. Qhov kev xaiv tshaj plaws. Txhawm rau lwj lossis tawg xws li qhov pib yog txausnyuaj.
- Bronze. Xws li sills tsuas yog ua kom xaj, txij li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yog siab dhau. Nws yog feem ntau hloov nrog ib qho txhuas bronze pleev xim rau qhov pib.
- Stainless hlau. Tsis tas li xwb. Cov hlau no muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thiab feem ntau siv rau phab ntsa lossis rooj tog zaum.
- Aluminium. Cov khoom siv hnyav, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tus nqi qis. Muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam xim.
- Brass. Cov hlau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm tus nqi siab, uas, nyob rau hauv txoj ntsiab cai, justifies nws txaus nyiam tsos. Cov sills yog ruaj, nrog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
Yuav txov qhov qub qub
Yuav tsum pib ua qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshiab ntawm chav dej thiab txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev rhuav tshem qhov qub, yog tias muaj. Qhov kev tsim no yog tsim kom huv si, yog li ntawd, txhawm rau tshem tawm nws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj lub hacksaw, rauj, crowbar.
Ntau zaus nws yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Hauv qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws yog txiav tawm raws cov npoo ntawm cov txiv ntoo nrog lub hacksaw. Ua tib zoo tshem tawm nws kom tsis txhob ua kom puas lub trim thiab lub qhov rooj nws tus kheej. Tus so yog tshem tawm siv rauj thiab crowbar.
Cov cuab yeej thiab kev npaj
Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum saib xyuas koj txoj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev hnav khaub ncaws kom zoo. Cov khaub ncaws yuav tsum npog caj npab thiab txhais ceg kom ruaj ntseg. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa cov khau qub. Koj tuaj yeem hnav tsom iav los tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag. Nco ntsoov hnav hnab looj tes.
Yuav ua li cas ua ib qho chaw hauv chav dej, pebpeb yuav xav txog qhov piv txwv ntawm ib qho kev tsim qauv.
Cov cuab yeej xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm:
- rule;
- kav thawv;
- level;
- perforator;
- 3 spatulas - tiaj, tsis muaj, roj hmab.
- Bulgarian.
Txoj kev tsim cov txiv ntoo pob zeb
Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau thiab txhim khu kev qha qhov pib chav dej-txoj kev hauv tsev. Cov haujlwm tau ua raws li hauv qab no:
- Txhim kho ntoo sab - formwork. Lawv yuav txwv qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw pib hauv chav dej thiab yuav pab tsim kom muaj qhov tseeb ntawm cov qauv tsim yav tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuas qhov dav ntawm qhov rooj ua ntej thiab npaj cov phiaj xwm ntawm qhov loj me me.
- Cov khoom ntoo yog ruaj khov rau ob sab ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab qhwv zoo nrog ntawv ci. Yog li cov cement mortar yuav tsis lo rau cov khoom.
- Npaj cov pob zeb sib tov, ncuav rau hauv daim ntawv npaj. Qhov saum npoo yog leveled nrog txoj cai.
- Txiv ntseej qhov siab adjustable nrog qib npuas.
- Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, cov txheej txheem nchuav tau tso rau ob peb hnub kom txog thaum nws qhuav tag. Nco ntsoov tias lub sijhawm no nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum moisten qhov chaw ntawm screed kom cov kab nrib pleb tsis tsim.
- Tom qab ziab kom tiav, cov ntawv ua haujlwm tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm cov sill tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas. Yog hais tias muaj irregularities nyob rau saum npoo, lawv yog them nrog ib tug txheej ntawm tshiab mortar. Yog li, peb tau los txog rau theem kawg ntawm kev ua lub hauv paus chav dej. Cov duab ntawm cov qauv zoo li no tso cai rau koj tig rau kev xav hauv kev xaiv ntawm kev ua tiavkhoom.
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb: yuav ua li cas kom pobzeb kom zoo
Pobzeb yuav siv los ua cov khoom siv. Nws yog txiav mus rau hauv pieces ntawm ib tug tej yam loj. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom kho qhov chaw pib nrog cov plooj (porcelain stoneware), sib piv cov xim ntawm cov av hauv pem teb los yog chav dej.
Cov khoom tiav yuav tsum tau sim ua kom qhuav rau saum npoo av. Tom qab ntawd, txhua sab ntawm cov txiv ntoo tsim tau raug kho nrog ib qho kev nkag mus rau primer. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov nplais nplaum thiab cov khoom siv.
Cov nplaum yog npaj los ntawm kev sib tov qhuav. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav ib pob me me ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav txaus. Cov sib tov qhuav yog diluted nrog dej thiab sib tov kom huv si kom txog thaum ib homogeneous thiab yas loj yog tsim.
Siv cov chais plaub hau, cov kua nplaum yog siv rau sab nraum qab ntawm cov nplais thiab nias kom ruaj khov rau hauv paus. Nco ntsoov tias cov kua nplaum yuav tsum muab sib npaug sib npaug, vim tias yuav tsum tsis muaj kab noj hniav nyob hauv ob sab phlu. Koj yuav tsum tau saib tib qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov vuas tig. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog kev pab ntawm cov yas tshwj xeeb uas tau muab tso rau ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus hauv qhov khoob. 2 lub ntsiab yog txaus rau txhua sab.
Nco ntsoov siv qib. Yog li koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov du, zoo nkauj. Cov ces kaum sab nrauv tuaj yeem dai nrog moldings - tshwj xeeb profiles.
Tom qab ib nrab ziab ntawm cov kua nplaum, cov seams yog rubbedtshwj xeeb composite tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug muab tshuaj txhuam. Nws raug xaiv kom phim cov khoom siv ntsej muag. Kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm nrog cov roj hmab spatula uas yuav tsis khawb qhov saum npoo ntawm cov nplais thaum ua haujlwm. Txhua yam khoom siv ntau dhau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tam sim nrog daim txhuam cev ntub dej.
Zoo kawg
Ib chav da dej yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj leej twg ntawm peb tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov ua tau dej ntws. Thiab qhov kev tsim tsis tseem ceeb no tuaj yeem ua kom koj lub tsev yuav luag tag nrho. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis ua haujlwm raws sijhawm.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim qhov chaw pib hauv chav dej lossis hauv chav dej. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo, tab sis feem ntau ua rau cov cement pib. Nws muaj zog, ruaj thiab ua tau yooj yim heev.
