Txhua tus tswv lub tsheb xav kom muaj qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lawv lub tsheb thiab tsis txhob txhawj txog nws txoj kev nyab xeeb. Feem ntau qhov chaw no dhau los ua chaw nres tsheb. Nws zoo nkaus li tias lub chaw nres tsheb ua los ntawm cov khoom hnyav yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab dua. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho kev xav yuam kev. Lub chaw nres tsheb ncej muaj qhov ua tau zoo ib yam li nws cov khoom hnyav dua.
Xaiv qhov chaw tsim
Ua ntej koj tsim ib lub tsev nres tsheb, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw zoo. Yog li, ntawm no yog qhov yuav tsum tau nrhiav thaum nrhiav ib qhov chaw tsim:
- Nws txoj kev xav. Qhov kev xaiv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog los tsim kom ze rau tsev.
- Yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov nyuaj kom lub tsheb nkag lossis tawm.
- Qhov chaw nres tsheb yooj yim tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog 10 x 10 m. Tab sis qhov ntev ntawm lub tsev nres tsheb yog txiav txim los ntawm tus tswv nws tus kheej.
- Nws tsis pom zoo kom xaiv qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ib lub tsheb tshwj xeeb. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog tias thaum hloov tsheb, lub chaw nres tsheb yuav me me.
txiaj ntsig
Lub tsheb ncej muaj ntau qhov zoo:
- Nws muaj zog heev. Qhov ntawd lav kev tiv thaiv lub tsheb los ntawm huab cua phem thiab lwm yam cuam tshuam.
- Muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg. Thaum lub caij txias, lub chaw nres tsheb sov sai txaus los ntawm ntau qhov chaw cua sov.
- Tus nqi qis.
- Yooj yim installation. Qhov ntawd yuav txuag ntawm kev nyiam cov neeg pab thiab cov kws ua haujlwm.
- Kev ua haujlwm nrawm heev.
- Lub sijhawm los tsim lub tsev nres tsheb nrog koj tus kheej tes.
Tab sis muaj ib yam koj yuav tsum tsis txhob skimp on - documentation.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim tau ib lub chaw nres tsheb? Xav txog hauv qab no.
Peb ua txhua yam raws li kev npaj
Muab tag nrho cov saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub tsev nres tsheb nrog koj tus kheej tes. Cov lus qhia ua ntu zus suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Npaj ua haujlwm rau kev tsim kho.
- Filling the foundation.
- Hom thav duab thiab lawv cov kev teeb tsa.
- Tawm lub ru tsev.
- Sheathing thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsheb ncej ntoo.
- Garage qhov rooj installation.
- kev npaj sab hauv.
Cia saib txhua kauj ruam kom ntxaws ntxiv. Thiab tom qab ntawd kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev nres tsheb ntoo nrog koj tus kheej tes yuav tsis nyuaj.
Npaj ua haujlwm
Thaum cheeb tsam rau lub chaw nres tsheb yav tom ntej raug xaiv, koj tuaj yeem mus rau thawj kauj ruam. Kev npaj ua hauj lwm rau kev tsim kho ntawm ib lub thav duab garage suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, sau cov ntaub ntawv. Nov yog yam yuav tsum tau npaj:
- project;
- 3D garage model;
- foundation plan;
- situation plan;
- Txoj kev npaj ntawm cov txheej txheem;
- rafter installation txoj kev npaj;
- ru tsev teeb duab;
- phiaj xwm dej thiab dej;
- detailed piav qhia;
- kwv yees.
Tom qab sau cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum sau cov khoom tsim nyog. Koj tuaj yeem yuav lawv tus kheej hauv cov khw tshwj xeeb lossis xauj los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim kho.
Tau tias koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev nres tsheb ntawm koj tus kheej, cov lus qhia hauv qab no tsis tsim nyog. Tab sis yog tias koj yog tus pib, lossis xav tsim lub chaw nres tsheb sai li sai tau, tom qab ntawd ib pab pawg ntawm ob lossis peb tus neeg muaj kev paub dhau los yuav yog.
Thaum cov ntsiab lus dhau los ua tiav, nws yog lub sijhawm los pib npaj thaj chaw. Txhua yam khib nyiab, khoom txawv teb chaws, pob zeb, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw.
Cov khoom tom ntej yog leveling thiab compacting av. Tom qab ntawd thaj chaw raug cim. Rau qhov no, ceg txheem ntseeg thiab hlua yuav txaus. Pegs yuav tsum tau nruab rau hauv txhua lub ces kaum thiab ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej.
Tom ntej no, hauv cov duab plaub, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm ib txheej ntawm av txog ib nrab ib 'meter' tob. Yog li, lub hauv paus rau lub hauv paus yuav npaj.
Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau sau cov xuab zeb thiab gravel cushion. Ua ntej, peb sau cov xuab zeb los ntawm 10 cm, ces nteg cov geotextile thiab sau rau hauv lub crushed pob zeb txheej. Nws tsuas yog txhawm rau txhawm rau tag nrho thiab cia nws so ob peb hnub.
Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev yog ib feem tseem ceeb, los ntawmuas nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm lub tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hauv paus feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv pem teb chaw nres tsheb.
Nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, lub hauv paus tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam. Tab sis feem ntau lawv siv ob qho tib si lub hauv paus monolithic nrog kev txhawb nqa, lossis ib daim kab xev.
Tom ntej no, formwork yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm peb sab ntawm lub tsev. Tsis yog plaub, tab sis peb! Cov khoom tom ntej no yog qhov kev txhawb zog ntawm lub hauv paus kom nws muaj zog. Rau txoj haujlwm no, ob qho tib si tshwj xeeb mesh thiab kev txhawb nqa tuaj yeem pab.
Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau nchuav lub hauv paus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov pob zeb yuav tsum yog cov khoom zoo thiab tshiab.
Ua ntej mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej, cov pob zeb yuav tsum qhuav. Qhov no yuav siv peb lub lis piam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov xwm txheej huab cua. Yog tias cua sov tuaj, ces koj yuav tsum tau ywg dej txhua lub sijhawm. Yog tias nag tau npaj, ces koj yuav tsum npog nws nrog polyethylene.
txhawm rau txhim kho hauv pem teb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npog tag nrho thaj chaw nrog ib txheej nyias ntawm pob zeb. Ib tug reinforcing mesh yog pw rau nws, thiab ces tag nrho cov no yog poured nrog mortar thiab them nrog nyias reinforced pob zeb slabs. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv vov tsev yog pw thiab tuav nrog ib qho tuab tuab.
Hom thav duab, lawv cov kev teeb tsa
Lub thav duab tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau yam khoom, tab sis cov ntoo lossis hlau feem ntau yog siv.
thav duab ntoo yog tus nqi qis, niaj hnub tsim thiab yooj yim. Tab sis muaj ib qho teeb meem tseem ceeb - qhov flammability ntawm cov khoom siv.
Hlau profile muaj ntau qhov zoo: kev ntseeg siab, ua haujlwm ntev,durability, cuam tshuam tsis kam. Tab sis qhov hnyav hnyav dua, yog li nws yuav xav tau lub hauv paus muaj zog dua.
Txhawm rau tsim ib lub chaw nres tsheb ntoo, nws raug nquahu kom npaj cov hauv qab no:
- Rau qhov qis qis ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb, cov laug cam nrog qhov ntev ntawm 10050 hli yuav tsum tau kho, uas tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb.
- Rau kev tsim kho ntawm kaum ncej thiab rooj vag, 100100 hli kab teeb yog siv. Lwm cov rafters, kab teeb thiab racks yog ua los ntawm cov laug cam 10050 mm.
- Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov ncej ntawm lub hauv paus qis yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 1, 2m.
- Longitudinal qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov ntoo 5050 mm.
- Yog lub chaw nres tsheb dav dua 4 meters, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov laug cam nrog qhov loj ntawm 10050 mm, thiab tsis nrog cov tuav ntawm 100100 mm.
Rau kev tsim cov thav duab hlau, siv cov hlau profile lossis dov hlau. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau nteg tus thawj profile ntawm lub hauv paus thiab fasten nws ua ke nrog anchors.
Tus so ntawm cov profile yog txuas ua ke los ntawm kev vuam. Tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem siv tus kheej tapping screws, txawm hais tias lub mount yuav tsis tshua muaj zog.
Thaum lub sab qis ntawm lub thav duab yog npaj txhij, plaub ntsug ncej yog mounted nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum. Profiles tau nruab nrog cov ces kaum sab nraud thiab welded, ntxiv rau fastened nrog anchors.
Lub kaus mom sab saum toj yog ua los ntawm cov hlau profile. Nws yuav tsum tau welded rau ntsug kev txhawb nqa. Nws nyob ntawm thaj tsam no uas cov rafters yuav txuas.
Nws tsuas yog txuas rau kab rov tav tav thiab ntsug ncej hauvintervals.
Kev txhim kho tus ncej yuav siv ob peb hnub. Yog hais tias cov rafters tau sib sau ua ntej rau hauv av, ces kev pab yog indispensable.
Roof
Thaum lub thav duab tau teeb tsa, koj yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv nrog kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev. Rau ib lub chaw nres tsheb, lub ru tsev tuaj yeem ua ib leeg lossis ob lub suab. Qhov thib ob ntawm lub ru tsev yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog, tab sis tso cai rau koj mus equip lub qab nthab (los yog siv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev khaws tej fixtures los yog lwm yam khoom).
Kev txhim kho lub ru tsev koom nrog ntau theem:
- Kev tsim cov txheej txheem truss rau hom xaiv lub ru tsev.
- Sheathing ru tsev slopes lossis installation ntawm battens.
- Cov khoom siv vov tsev.
Shed ru tsev muaj ib qho yooj yim tsim. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb txawm nyob rau theem npaj kom raug xam cov kaum sab xis ntawm lub ru tsev txoj kab nqes. Tus nqi pes tsawg nyob ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev, tab sis 15 … 20 degrees yog suav tias yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li, qhov dhau ntawm ib phab ntsa hla lwm qhov yog nyob ntawm daim duab no.
Nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub ru tsev txoj kab nqes, rafters txuas rau pem hauv ntej lossis sab phab ntsa. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ib tug board los yog ib tug bar. Lub rooj tsavxwm yog ntsia rau ntawm qhov kawg. Txhua lub ntsiab lus txuas nrog tib qhov deb ntawm ib leeg, siv cov cim ua ntej siv.
Saum toj ntawm cov rafters, cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub crate yog txuas nrog - cov laug cam los yog cov nplooj ntawv ntawm oriented strand board (OSB). Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kauj ruam no yuav npog cov khoom siv vov tsev uas tau xaiv.
Lub ru tsev gable muaj cov qauv ntau dua. Vim li no,ntau lub sij hawm thiab kev siv zog yuav tsum tau. Nws tuaj yeem muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau kev txhim kho lub ru tsev gable: cov rafters tau nruab rau hauv av lossis lawv tau mounted ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog qhov nyuaj dua, vim tias nws nyuaj rau nruab ib tus neeg ntawm qhov siab.
Cov kauj ruam rau lwm lub ru tsev mounting xaiv:
- Siv ntoo, yuav tsum tau mount qab nthab.
- Cov rafters tau nruab rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub tsev thiab txhawb nqa ib ntus nrog racks.
- Nkag board txuas ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov ceg rafter.
- Tom ntej no, cov cim yog tsim rau lwm khub ntawm rafters. Qhov no tsim cov duab ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Koj yuav tsum ua kom lub russ ruaj ruaj nrog kev pab los ntawm ib lub crate ntawm boards. Txuas lawv perpendicular mus rau rafters. Los yog siv cov ntawv ntawm OSB lossis plywood.
- theem kawg yog kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob hnov qab txhim kho cov dej ntws ntawm lub ru tsev. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov yeeb nkab yas txiav ua ob.
Sheathing thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm phab ntsa garage
Chav tsev phab ntsa cladding txhais tau tias cladding. Ntau yam khoom siv rau cov txheej txheem no. Nws tuaj yeem yog eurolining, daim ntawv profiled, tig ntsej muag cib, siding.
Rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev nres tsheb, cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj thiab txau polyurethane ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv. Cov khoom no yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis hais sab twg nws tau mounted.
Styrofoam sheathing yog ib txoj hauv kev pheej yig thiab yooj yim ua koj tus kheej,nqa riam riam. Lub thickness ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yog nyob ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov ncej studs. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no yog nws cov nplaim hluav taws kub.
Mineral wool, tsis zoo li cov rwb thaiv tsev yav dhau los, muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, tab sis nws kuj muaj tus nqi siab dua. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntxhia wool yog qhov muaj prickly fibers uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous puas. Yog li ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm nrog nws, koj yuav tsum siv tsom iav, hnab looj tes thiab lub tshuab ua pa. Cov khoom no tau muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov racks, sau tag nrho cov chaw muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Cov rwb thaiv tsev kim tshaj plaws yog txau polyurethane ua npuas ncauj. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ob qho tib si ntoo thiab hlau. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog xav tau rau nws lub installation.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom zoo polyurethane ua npuas ncauj thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua los caw ib tus neeg muaj kev paub los ua haujlwm nrog nws.
Gate installation
rooj vag rau lub nkas-las hauv nws tus qauv tsim yog: viav vias, ntu, dov thiab nqa-tig. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab pheej yig tshaj plaws rau kev ua-nws-koj tus kheej installation, ntsig txog, viav vias rooj vag. Rau txhua tus, koj yuav tsum tau caw tus kws tshaj lij.
viav vias rooj vag tuaj yeem ua los ntawm ntoo lossis hlau. Lub thav duab thav duab yog ua los ntawm cov yeeb nkab lossis ntoo, uas tom qab ntawd sheathed nrog ntau yam ntaub ntawv (sab, hlau ntawv, boards, corrugated board). Qhov siab tshaj plaws rau cov rooj vag ntawm 2.5 txog 4m.
Koj kuj xav tau 4 daim ntawm cov pob khawm muaj zog thiab ob qho ntxiv rau cov qhov rooj me me uas qhib rau ib qho ntawm lub rooj vag. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, zoo zoocastle.
Internal kev npaj ntawm lub tsev
Qhov no yog theem kawg. Yog hais tias muaj ib qho chaw hauv qab nthab, nws yog lined nrog boards thiab ib tug ntaiv yog ntsia. Kev npaj ntawm lub qhov pom lossis cellar tseem tab tom ua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev xa hluav taws xob tau ua tiav. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm tus tswv, dej txuas nrog thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm cov cua sov tau daws.
Illustration
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov chaw nres tsheb. Cov duab ntawm ib co ntawm lawv tau muab rau hauv kab lus no.
Kuj, ib daim vis dis aus nthuav tawm rau koj mloog. Los ntawm nws koj tuaj yeem kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev nres tsheb.
In xaus
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, lub tsev no yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws. Tab sis, txawm tus nqi thiab lightness ntawm nws tsim, xws li ib tug qauv yuav ua hauj lwm ncaj ncees rau ntau xyoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb - tag nrho cov theem ntawm kev tsim kho yuav ua tiav zoo kawg nkaus. Vim nws txoj kev yooj yim, nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj heev los tsim ib lub chaw nres tsheb thav duab. Cov lus qhia ua ntu zus tau piav qhia hauv kab lus no yog tsim los pab tus pib.
