Tus kheej vaj tse yog ib feem ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm txhua tsev neeg Lavxias (thiab tsis yog) nkaus xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog tib neeg tab tom npaj yuav tsev tiav lossis chav tsev. Xws li kev yuav khoom tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb: qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm kev npaj, loj dhau (lossis me dhau) square footage ntawm chav. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsev neeg tej zaum twb muaj av uas tsim lawv tus kheej vaj tse. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus neeg txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev thav duab nrog lawv tus kheej tes. Cov lus qhia ib kauj ruam dhau los ntawm kev yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yuav raug nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no.
Thiab qhov tseeb, kev tsim kho koj tus kheej vaj tse tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim thiab siv sijhawm ntev. Ua ntej koj pib tsim lub tsev, koj yuav tsum ntsuas txhua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tswv yim zoo li no. Koj kuj yuav tsum muaj cov txuj ci thiab lub peev xwm tsim nyog. Yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tsev thav duab nrog koj tus kheej tes kom raug? pib qhov twg? Cov cuab yeej twg los npaj? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no thiab ntau lwm cov lus nug tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no. Txawm li cas losua ntej, cia peb txiav txim siab seb puas tsim nyog tsim lub tsev thav duab ntawm peb tus kheej.
zoo sab ntawm lub tswv yim
Ua ntej koj paub yuav ua li cas los tsim lub tsev thav duab nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Cov neeg uas twb tsim lawv lub tsev hais li cas?
Ua ntej, cov neeg tsim khoom zoo li no nco ntsoov tias kev tsim cov vaj tsev yog ib qho kev xaiv pheej yig rau kev nrhiav tau tus kheej vaj tse. Qhov thib ob, nws kuj tseem suav tias yog qhov zoo uas cov tswv yav tom ntej lawv tus kheej saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv rau cov qauv, uas yog, lawv tsuas yog siv qhov lawv tus kheej xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nuance no kuj tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tsev tsim, vim tsis yog txhua tus neeg txaus siab siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog rau kev yuav txhua yam koj xav tau.
Qhov zoo tom ntej ntawm kev tsim lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog nrog kev npaj kom raug, txheej txheem kev tsim kho yuav mus sai heev. Raws li cov neeg muaj kev paub dhau los hais tias, cov qauv yooj yim tuaj yeem tsim tau yam tsis muaj kev nrawm thiab kev txawj tshwj xeeb hauv ib hlis xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li kev tsim kho tsis koom nrog kev koom tes ntawm ntau tus kws ua haujlwm tsim nyog. Tsuas yog ob tug neeg yuav tsum tsim lub tsev, thiab lawv tsis tas yuav yog cov kws tsim khoom.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm thav duab vaj tsev yog qhov tsim sab hauv thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm chav tuaj yeem tsim raws li koj nyiam thiab nyiam. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam los ntawm cov niam tsev yav tom ntej uas tsis yog xav ua lawv tus kheej xwbLub tsev yog qhov yooj yim thiab xis nyob, tab sis kuj nqis peev ib feem ntawm koj tus kheej hauv nws, muab lub tsev nrog cov cua tshwj xeeb.
tsis zoo ntawm qhov project
Xav txog yuav ua li cas los tsim lub tsev thav duab nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim no. Raws li tau hais los saum no, lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntaub ntawv siv (nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo) yog nyob nrog cov tswv yav tom ntej. Lawv puas tau npaj rau qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los faib sijhawm txaus rau kev tsim lub tsev, kev yuav khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv, kev ua haujlwm ntawm qee yam kev tsim kho? Yog tias tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem tiv tauj cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb uas tsim cov vaj tsev turnkey.
Thov pab
Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim heev, vim tsis yog cov tswv ntawm yav tom ntej vaj tse, tab sis cov kws tsim khoom, yuav koom nrog kev tsim kho vaj tsev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tswv tsev tuaj yeem xaiv lub tsev ntawm qhov xav tau layout thiab loj.
Feem ntau cov neeg Lavxias thov rau cov kev pabcuam no rau lub tuam txhab "Build and Live". Lub tsev thav duab nrog lub tuam txhab no yooj yim heev thiab pheej yig. Lub tuam txhab twb muaj qee qhov kev paub txog kev tsim vaj tsev ntoo. Ntau tus tau txaus siab rau qhov kev pabcuam zoo thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm.
Lub tuam txhab muaj nws tus kheej lub vev xaib, nrog rau YouTube channel, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm cov qauv tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv neej qhia lwm tus yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub tsev nrog lawv tus kheej tes. Cov duab qhia ntawm lub tuam txhab pab tsis tau tsuas yog txiav txim siab ntawm qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov project, tab sis kuj pom qhov zoo thiab zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus txiav txim siab ua tsevkoj tus kheej.
Cov khoom yuav khoom
Yog li, peb tab tom tsim lub tsev ncej nrog peb tus kheej tes. Koj tuaj yeem pib qhov kev tsim kho qhov twg? Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los xam cov nqi ua ntej thiab xav txog yam khoom siv thiab cov cuab yeej koj xav tau los yuav.
Piv txwv li, peb tab tom tsim lub tsev 6x6 nrog peb tus kheej tes. Yuav tsum npaj dab tsi? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cia peb sau cov npe ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog rau nchuav lub hauv paus:
- Ob lub tshuab xuab zeb.
- 8mm rebar - 88 meters.
- Concrete - 8 m3.
- zaj 170 md. - 1 yob.
- Anchors - 10 daim.
- PGS - 1 lub tsheb.
- Grid (100х100х5) – 1 yob.
- Rebar 12 mm - 150 m.
- Post a/c 150 mm - 8 pieces.
Rau qhov kev tsim kho ntawm tus ncej, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov laug cam yog xav tau. Lawv yuav tsum tau yuav ntau qhov sib txawv:
- 38 x 140 - 6m3.
- 38 x 90 - 2m3.
- 38 x 230 - 7m3.
- 40 x 150 - 2.5 m3.
- 40 x 200 - 2m3.
Tsis tas li, rau kev tsim cov thav duab, koj yuav tsum yuav plywood ntawm txawv thicknesses:
- 9 millimeters - 52 nplooj.
- 12 millimeters - 42 nplooj.
- 18 millimeters - 25 nplooj.
Ntxiv rau, cov khoom hauv qab no yuav tsum tau yuav:
- Cov khoom siv vov tsev - 2 rolls.
- Shinglas ru - 100 m2.
- xov hlau - 3 daim.
- Nails rau tshwj xeeb pneumatic chute.
- Shinglas rau tes - 15 kg.
- Staples - 350 daim.
- Izospan AM - 3 rolls.
- Windows.
- Npaj ua npuas ncauj - 4 daim.
Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no yog txheeb ze thiab nyob ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm tus tswv thiab lwm yam nuances.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau yuav. Ntxiv nrog rau cov phab ntsa thiab lub hauv paus, lub thav duab lub tsev yuav tsum tau insulated, nrog rau kev saib xyuas ntawm sab nrauv tiav thiab kev sib txuas lus.
Rau rwb thaiv tsev, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub plaub ntxhia (kwv yees li 15 m 3) thiab phab ntsa ntub dej (kwv yees li 90 daim), nrog rau zaj duab xis thiab tus kheej tapping screws.
Yuav siv dab tsi rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv? Cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog pom zoo siv cov pob zeb zoo nkauj. Rau peb lub tsev 6 x 6 m, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau noj nees nkaum cubic meters ntawm cov khoom no. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum yuav cov kua nplaum rau lub pob zeb ntawm xya lub hnab, mesh (kwv yees 20 m 2), grout (7 pob), sab (kwv yees li 90 m 2), soffit (25 m2), nrog rau cov profiles thiab kho vajtse. Tsis txhob hnov qab tsim kom muaj qhov tso dej thiab.
Kev sib txuas lus sab hauv ntawm lub tsev thav duab muaj xws li dej cua sov, hluav taws xob thaiv, kav dej thiab, ntawm chav kawm, dej phwj tuaj.
Yog li, peb tab tom tsim lub tsev ncej nrog peb tus kheej tes. Peb twb tau txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv qhov ntau. Tam sim no peb tig mus rau qhov ncaj qha kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev. Pib qhov twg?
Npaj av
Yuav ua li cas ua lub tsev ncej nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes? Ib kauj ruam dhau los ua qauv qhia ntawm cov haujlwm tsim nyog yuav raug nthuav tawm tom qab hauv kab lus.
Nws tag nrho pib, tau kawg, nrog kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tsev. Dab tsi yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab nyob rau theem ntawm txoj haujlwm no?
Ua ntej tshaj, yuav tsum tau tshem cov av uas tau faib raukev tsim kho lub tsev, los ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov nroj tsuag. Yog tias lub tsev yuav raug txhim tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj txoj kab nqes, ces hauv av tuaj yeem ua theem siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
Tom ntej no, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau cim, rau qhov twg pegs tau muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig, qhia cov phab ntsa sab hauv thiab sab nraud thiab cov ces kaum.
Npaj lub hauv paus
Pab cov neeg tsim lub tsev thav duab nrog lawv tus kheej tes, ua qauv qhia ua ntu zus ntawm kev tsim kho, nthuav tawm hauv qab no hauv video.
Yuav tsum xav txog dab tsi thaum nchuav lub hauv paus? Rau kev tsim cov thav duab, ib pawg, pawg-grillage lossis daim kab xev puag yog siv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom nres ntawm hom thib ob, vim tias nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los tsim, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev suav ua kom yooj yim lossis cov khoom siv loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hauv paus zoo li no txhim khu kev qha thiab muab cov khoom sib xws ntawm txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa.
Rau thawj txoj haujlwm, yuav tsum tau yuav TISE pawg, uas muaj npe nrov rau lawv lub zog vim qhov qis dua. Qhov dej tuaj yeem raug laum hauv qab lawv ob qho tib si manually thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Yuav ua li cas los tsim formwork? Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum yob cov khoom siv vov tsev rau hauv cov kav dej hauv peb txheej thiab ruaj ntseg nrog cov nplaum nplaum. Los yog koj tuaj yeem siv cov kav dej PVC. Nyob rau hauv txhua pawg, peb los yog plaub qhov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau muab ntsia, txuas ua ke nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug square los yog daim duab peb sab. Ntev npaum li cas cov rods yuav tsum? Yam tsawg kawg ntawm 0.75 meters ntawm kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum nce siab saum npoo ntawm txhua pawg.
Thaum lub formwork npaj txhij, nws yuav tsum tau nchuav tag nrho saum npoo nrog pob zeb.
Tom qabTxhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub rotswerk (hauv lwm lo lus, ib qho formwork rau daim kab xev), qhov twg nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txuas cov kab ntev ntev ua ke nrog qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa, saib tawm ntawm pawg. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau ntxig ntu ntawm cov kav dej yas hla cov kab xev los tsim kev sib txuas lus thiab qhov cua.
Raws li ib puag ncig ntawm daim kab xev, txhua ob metres, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kho cov studs uas yuav txuas rau yav tom ntej thav duab ntawm lub tsev thiab lub hauv paus poured. Ib txoj hlua khi yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov khoom siv no. Tom ntej no, tus qauv yog nchuav nrog pob zeb.
Yog li ntawd cov tshuaj tsis qhuav tawm, tab sis kom muaj zog, nws raug nquahu kom npog lub hauv paus nrog yas qhwv thiab tawm rau tsib mus rau kaum hnub, nyob ntawm huab cua kub.
Yuav ua li cas tom qab nchuav pob zeb?
Thaum cov mortar twb qhuav lawm, koj tuaj yeem xav txog kev tiv thaiv dej hauv lub hauv paus kom cov ntoo tsis nqus dej tawm ntawm nws. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ob txheej ntawm bituminous mastic los yog dov waterproofing yog siv, tsis tshua muaj - vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv, raws li nws yuav deteriorate nyob rau lub sij hawm.
Cov txheej tom ntej ntawm daim kab xev yog nteg boards impregnated nrog cov sib xyaw tshwj xeeb. Cov no yog cov hu ua txaj. Boards raug pom zoo kom teem rau hauv ob theem nyob rau hauv xws li kev sib tshooj ntawm cov pob qij txha tsim. Yuav kom ntxiv dag zog lub txaj ntawm studs, nqaim qhov yuav tsum tau drilled nyob rau hauv lawv. Nws kuj yog qhov tsim nyog los khi ob qib ntawm cov laug cam ua ke nrog cov ntsia hlau ntev, uas tau ntsia txhua nees nkaum centimeters.
Setting lag
Ib lub rooj tsavxwm raug ntsia rau saum txaj,ribbed nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov perimeter. Nws cov npoo yog ua raws li tus ntug ntawm lub hauv paus thiab ntsia rau saum txaj nrog cov ntsia hlau ntev (cuaj centimeters) txhua plaub caug centimeters.
Tom qab ntawd, kev lag luam raug teeb tsa, uas yog tib lub rooj sib tham muab tso nrog ntug hla txoj hlua khi. Lawv raug ntsia rau ntawm ob sab (txoj cai thiab sab laug) nrog oblique ntsia hlau. Cov cav raug ntsia txhua plaub caug txog rau caum centimeters. Cov kws tshaj lij craftsmen pom zoo: qhov ntev ntawm cov laug cam, qhov luv luv ntawm lawv yuav tsum yog. Qee qhov xwm txheej, koj tuaj yeem xaiv nruab ib lub teeb hlaws.
Ua hauv pem teb
Peb txuas ntxiv ua lub tsev ncej nrog peb tus kheej tes. Cov duab thiab cov lus pom zoo uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm yuav pab koj tsim cov qauv hauv qhov tseeb.
Yog li, cov cav tau teeb tsa, cia peb txav mus rau hauv pem teb. Cia ua ib co rwb thaiv tsev ua ntej. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntawv nthuav dav polystyrene (nrog qhov ntom ntawm tsawg kawg kaum tsib kilograms ib cubic meter). Lub thickness ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum ncav cuag 15 centimeters. Cov phaj zoo tshaj plaws muab tso rau hauv ob theem kom cov pob qij txha tsis sib koom ua ke.
Ib lub bar ntev 5x5 centimeters yuav tsum tau nailed nyob rau hauv qab ntug ntawm cov ntoo cav. Qhov no yuav pab txhawb rau cov slabs.
Tom qab ntawd peb txiav cov yas ua npuas ncauj nrog lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws. Masters qhia kom ua kom cov npoo npoo txawm. Ua li no, siv cov ntaub ntawv hlau. Tom qab lub rwb thaiv tsev tau teeb tsa, cov seams nruab nrab ntawm cov npuas dej thiab cov hlua khi tau ntim nrog sealant.
Ib subfloor yog pw rau saum cov slabs ntawm cov laug cam, thiab nyob rau saum nws -plywood tsib los yog rau millimeters tuab. Thaum muab cov laug cam, saib lawv cov hlaws: cov nplhaib txhua xyoo, uas mus rau hauv ib lub voj voog, yuav tsum hloov, uas yog, saib thiab nqis. Qee tus neeg tsis kam ua ib txheej ntawm cov plywood, tsawg kawg yog ib thiab ib nrab centimeters tuab.
Thaum muab cov ntawv tso rau hauv ob peb txheej, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tseeb tias cov pob qij txha ntawm lawv tsis sib haum. Tom ntej no, peb kho cov plywood nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Raws li ib puag ncig, peb tuav qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus kheej tapping screws ntawm 12 centimeters, sab hauv - txog 40 centimeters, fastening yog ua nyob rau hauv ib tug checkerboard qauv.
Tsim tus ncej
Ua ntej yuav mus rau theem no ntawm kev sib sau ua ke lub tsev nyob, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb yuav ua li cas ntxiv: lub thav duab yuav muab sib dhos rau hauv ib qho chaw sib cais, thiab tom qab ntawd mounted rau hauv pem teb, lossis cov phab ntsa. tau tsim ncaj qha rau ntawm lub hauv paus, maj mam. Dab tsi yog qhov yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim rau tus tswv - nws xaiv nws tus kheej.
Kho racks
Qhov ntev ntawm cov laug cam yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm cov khoom thauj yav tom ntej, nrog rau qhov dav ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Rau ib-zaj dab neeg tsev, lawv tau racks nrog ib tug parameter ntawm 100 x 100 millimeters, rau ob-storey tsev - 150 x 150 millimeters. Qhov tob ntawm qhov nruab nrab racks yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj li kaum, tab sis lub thickness yuav tsawg dua - los ntawm 50 millimeters.
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum sib npaug rau qhov dav ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab feem ntau nws txawv ntawm rau caum centimeters. Qhov siab ntawm cov racks yog sib npaug rau qhov siab ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntshab qab nthab tshem tawm kaum tsib centimeters.
Howfasten cov ntoo ntsiab? Masters qhia ob txoj hauv kev: los ntawm cov ces kaum (uas yog, los ntawm ob sab ntawm cov tuav) lossis los ntawm kev txiav (mus rau hauv qab pawg thawj coj saib).
Qhov qhov rais thiab qhov rooj yuav nyob qhov twg, ob kab kab txuas nrog, vim tias qhov hnyav ntawm lawv yuav ntau dua.
Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm pawg
Txij li thaum cov kev txhawb nqa tsim yuav "taug kev", lawv tau kho ntawm lawv tus kheej nrog cov kab pheeb ces kaum ib ntus. Qee zaum, nws yuav raug nquahu kom nruab ob lub jibs me rau saum thiab hauv qab ntawm cov kab ntoo. Yog tias cov phab ntsa cladding tsis yooj yim yog npaj, piv txwv li, typeetting, ces cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau sab laug.
Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem tsim phab ntsa, uas yog, sheathe pawg nrog plywood lossis OSB.
Kev sib tshooj
Beam overlappings tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tuav ntawm sab sauv. Yuav ua li cas txuas cov qauv no nrog ib leeg? Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv peb txoj kev: siv perforated staples, ntxiv cov ces kaum, los yog txiav ib lub rooj tsavxwm rau lwm tus.
Yog li, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ib puag ncig ntawm txhua phab ntsa peb ntsia ib lub rooj tsavxwm, ces peb nruab kab teeb, uas tseem hu ua ceilings. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov laug cam thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv nyob ntawm seb yuav nyob rau sab saum toj - hauv pem teb thib ob lossis lub qab nthab.
Rafter system
Tom ntej no, peb tsim lub ru tsev ntawm lub thav duab nrog peb txhais tes. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog hom ru tsev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los tsim ib lub ru tsev gable los yog mansard hauv ib lub tsev thav duab. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua cov lej thiab yuav khoom nyob ntawm seb hom ru tsev.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ceev cov rafter ob txhais ceg raws ntug ntawm cov kab hauv pem teb. Koj tuaj yeem kho cov rafters nrog ib ntusjib.
Qhov ntev npaum li cas ntawm cov ntoo yuav tsum yog thiab nyob deb li cas nws pom zoo kom nruab lawv? Raws li cov kev cai, cov kev txwv ntawm cov rafters siv cuam tshuam rau cov kauj ruam installation. Piv txwv li, rafters peb meters ntev thiab tsis muaj 40 x 150 mm raug pom zoo kom muab ntsia ntawm qhov deb ntawm rau caum centimeters ntawm ib leeg. Yog hais tias peb-meter kab teeb 100 x 150 millimeters siv, ces cov kauj ruam installation nce mus rau 2.15 meters. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, plaub-meter rafters nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm 50 x 150 lossis 100 x 200 millimeters tuaj yeem xaiv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm 0.6 thiab 2.15 meters, feem. Thiab thaum kawg, tus tswv tuaj yeem yuav 6-meter ru tsev kab teeb ntsuas 50 x 200 lossis 100 x 250 millimeters. Tom qab ntawd cov kauj ruam ntawm kev teeb tsa yog 60 thiab 175 centimeters, feem.
Yog li, cov rafters tau teeb tsa, peb txav mus rau lub crate, cov kauj ruam ntawm qhov yuav nyob ntawm lub ru tsev txoj kab nqes xaiv los ntawm tus tswv. Piv txwv li, yog tias lub kaum sab xis yog tsib caug degrees, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov tuav yuav ncav cuag 37.5 centimeters. Yog tias lub kaum sab xis xaiv tsis tshaj kaum tsib degrees, ces cov kauj ruam crate yuav yog 33 centimeters.
Tom qab ua raws li cov haujlwm no, yuav tsum ua kom muaj cov kab laum.
ru tsev phiaj xwm
Kev tsim lub ru tsev yog kev mob siab rau thiab ua lag luam loj uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab raug. Tom qab cov khoom tsim nyog tau yuav lawm, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum pib, ua raws li cov phiaj xwm thoob ntiaj teb hauv qab no:
- Ob lub rooj tsavxwm uas yuavua haujlwm li rafter ob txhais ceg, sib tshooj ntawm lub kaum ntawm cuaj caum degrees thiab kho nrog rau tes.
- Cov kab txuas txuas tau muab tso rau ntawm Mauerlats. Cov npoo ntawm cov rafters yuav tsum ncua ib nrab ib 'meter' tshaj li theem ntawm cov phab ntsa qis. Qhov no yuav tsum tau rau nruab ib lub gutter system.
- Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau kho lub kaum sab xis ntawm txoj kab nqes thiab ntsia hlau ntoo ntawm lub rafter ob txhais ceg txhawm rau txhim kho txoj kab nqes ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Tom qab ntawd, sab rafters tau mounted raws ntug ntawm lub tsev.
Thaum lub ru tsev raug teeb tsa, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub ru tsev. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ib qho vapor barrier zaj duab xis yog txuas los ntawm sab hauv nrog stapler. Tom qab ntawd, nruab nrab ntawm cov kab ntoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los nruab cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev uas tau xaiv. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws, ntau tus tswv pom zoo kom tso ib zaj duab xis ntxiv, thiab tom qab ntawd ib daim nyias nyias.
kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm kev tsim lub ru tsev yuav yog lathing (feem ntau nws tseem yuav tsum tau nruab ib lub txee-lattice). Cov kauj ruam kawg yuav yog lub installation ntawm lub ru tsev. Feem ntau lawv yog cov vuas hlau. Cov nplooj ntawv yog sib tshooj thiab kho nrog tus kheej tapping screws. Cov ntug hauv qab ntawm qhov npog no yuav tsum protrude kwv yees li plaub caug centimeters dhau ntawm ntug ntawm cornice.
Yuav ua li cas insulate phab ntsa?
Nov yog lo lus nug tseem ceeb heev, vim tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj ntawm koj lub tsev nyob ntawm nws. Kev sov so thiab kev nplij siab hauv tsev yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom siv uas raug xaiv rau insulating phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev.
Yuav ua li cas rub cov phab ntsa kom sov thiab xis nyob? Cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog pom zoo tom qab ua tiav sab hauv nrog cov ntawv txheebOSB siv vapor barrier, nrog rau bas alt rwb thaiv tsev nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsawg kawg yog 15 centimeters. Bas alt ntaub plaub yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws raws li cov txheej txheem no. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom yuav nws hauv daim ntawv mats, tsis yog yob. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv tawv yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv nrog cov clamps tshwj xeeb, nws yooj yim dua thiab yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws dua li cov khoom muag.
Ntxiv mus, cov rwb thaiv tsev bas alt yuav tsum tau them nrog cov vapor-permeable membrane, uas yuav ua raws li kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cua thiab ya raws. Vim tias cov khoom no tsis yog cua tshuab thiab tsis dhau dej hauv lub xeev gaseous lossis kua, koj lub tsev yuav sov thiab xis nyob.
Tom qab tshwj xeeb rwb thaiv tsev, nws yuav tsum ua haujlwm sab hauv thiab sab nrauv tiav.
kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm qhov chaw
Tam sim no peb lub tsev tuaj yeem muab qhov xav tau. Feem ntau, koj twb tau npaj cov chav hauv koj lub tsev tshiab, thiab tam sim no koj xav muab cov khoom hauv kev txiav txim thiab kho. Puas muaj cov lus pom zoo tshwj xeeb txog kev ua kom tiav sab hauv ntawm lub tsev ncej?
Tau kawg tsis yog. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm koj lub tswv yim thiab saj. Raws li tau hais los saum no, OSB boards lossis phab ntsa ntub dej tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua tiav. Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi yog siv rau kev ua tiav?
Qhov txawv tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov ntawv ntsa ntawm ntau hom (daim ntawv, tsis-woven, yas lossis fiberglass), ceramic vuas, ntoo hauv ob sab phlu ua los ntawm yas los yog ntuj ntoo, hniav plaster,pob zeb hloov tau thiab lwm yam.
YKoj tuaj yeem nteg linoleum rau hauv pem teb, nteg vuas lossis parquet.
Sab nrauv trim
Yuav ua li cas rau nruab lub façade ntawm lub tsev tshiab? Tom qab cov phab ntsa tau ua tib zoo insulated, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sab nraud los kho lub tsev tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau lub tswv yim ci ntsa iab thiab txawv txawv tshaj plaws tuaj yeem pom tau. Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws los siv?
Feem ntau, cov tuam tsev thav duab yog sheathed nrog lub rooj tsav xwm npaj (lossis thaiv tsev), ua raws li lub cav masonry. Ua li no, kev kho saum npoo niaj hnub no yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom nws cov dej noo thiab hluav taws kub.
Tsis tas li feem ntau cov hniav plaster yog siv los ntsib lub tsev nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj haujlwm zoo li no yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog. Dab tsi ntxiv, qhov ntub dej yog luv luv.
Feem ntau, cov tsev thav duab yog thav duab nrog yas; vinyl siding yog siv rau qhov no. Cov khoom no yog pheej yig thiab yooj yim los tsim. Cov uas tsis siv los txuag tau siv facade cib rau sab nrauv kho kom zoo nkauj - cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws.
Rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab cladding ntawm lub tsev, koj tuaj yeem siv cov thermal panels, nrog rau ntau yam ntaub ntawv niaj hnub (DSP ntawv, Smart series panels, siding, marble chips, vuas xyaum tej yam ntuj tso khoom, thiab ntau lwm yam).
Yog xav tau lub tsev ntxiv
Lub tsev thav duab yog ua, tab sis nws nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov chaw dav dav? Ntau tus txiav txim siab siv qhov chaw dawb kom zoo thiabtxhim kho cov qauv ntxiv ntawm lawv thaj chaw.
Yog li, yog tias tsim nyog, peb tsim lub thav duab txuas ntxiv rau lub tsev nrog peb tus kheej tes. Koj xav tau dab tsi?
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab rau qhov chaw uas peb lub tsev ntxiv yuav nyob. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tsim ib qhov project rau lub tsev thiab hloov mus rau ntawv. Ntxiv mus, nrog rau daim duab no, koj yuav tsum hu rau BTI kom ua raws li kev tsim kho ntawm peb cov qauv, txwv tsis pub nws yuav raug rhuav tshem.
kauj ruam tom ntej yuav yog kev yuav khoom thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog. Thiab ces peb pib tsim.
Kev tsim kho ntawm tus ncej txuas ntxiv txawv me ntsis ntawm kev tsim lub tsev ncej. Yog li ntawd, peb ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tau piav saum toj no:
- Pour a solid foundation.
- Setting lag.
- Pov hauv pem teb.
- Tseem ua lub cav ntoo.
- Kev tsim cov phab ntsa thiab lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev.
- ru tsev.
- Kev txhim kho qhov rooj thiab qhov rooj qhib.
- External cladding.
- Tshwj xeeb sab hauv.
- Thiab tau kawg, tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev sib txuas lus - hluav taws xob, kav dej thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, dej phwj tuaj.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, txhua yam tsis nyuaj, tshwj xeeb yog xav txog cov kev nplua nuj tau txais los ntawm kev tsim tus kheej ntawm lub tsev ncej.
