Muab faib yog cov qauv uas faib cov chaw sab hauv ntawm lub tsev rau hauv cov chav thiab ib cheeb tsam. Cov qauv sab hauv ntawm hom no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Tab sis feem ntau, cov cib, ua npuas ncauj thiab roj thaiv, cov laug cam thiab ntoo lossis phab ntsa qhuav yog siv rau lawv cov kev tsim kho.
Yam tsawg kawg ntawm cov chav faib chav
Ntau hom SNiP cov qauv tau tsim feem ntau rau kev tsim vaj tsev ntau lub tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus tswv ntawm lub teb chaws thaj av uas txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev nyob nrog lawv tus kheej tes feem ntau kuj xyuam xim rau cov kev cai no, txawm hais tias feem ntau lawv ua raws li qhov no tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua.
Qhov no, tau kawg, kuj tseem siv tau rau kev sib dhos ntawm sab hauv partitions. Piv txwv li, ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev xav txog qhov yuav tsum yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm cov qauv ntawm hom no. Tau kawg, SNiP tseem tswj hwm qhov ntsuas no.
Yog li, raws li txoj cai, lub thickness ntawm sab hauv partitions nyob rau hauv lub tsev yuav tsum xws li hais tias lawv muabsoundproofing ntawm chav sib faib hauv 40-50 dB. Ntawd yog, qhov ntsuas no yuav nyob ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau siv los tsim cov qauv.
Thickness ntawm ntoo partitions
Feem ntau, cov tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws qis tau muab faib ua thaj chaw rau ntau lub hom phiaj siv cov qauv vaj huam sib luag. Xws li partitions yog assembled los ntawm ntoo thiab boards. Tsuas yog cov qauv ntawm hom no ntawm ib lub thav duab sib sau ua ke los ntawm ib lub bar nrog ib ntu ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 100 x 100 mm tuaj yeem muab cov qib suab rwb thaiv tsev xav tau los ntawm SNiP.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom tuab zoo li no rau kev sib sau ua ke hauv cov tsev hauv tebchaws yog, ntawm chav kawm, tsis tshua siv. Ib qho kev faib tawm uas tsim los siv cov kab teeb ci zoo li no yuav siv ntau qhov chaw hauv lub tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm ib lub bar ncaj qha nyob ntawm nws seem.
Feem ntau, cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws cov tsev sib sau ua ke cov kab ke siv lub nqaj ntawm 70-80 mm. Qhov ntsuas no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm ib qho kev faib sab hauv, nrog rau hauv lub tsev qis. Thaum siv lub nqaj ntawm ntu no, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab qhov xav tau ntawm lub suab rwb thaiv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, thaum assembling lub muab faib, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntxhia wool. Cov khoom no tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw muab faib nruab nrab ntawm cov kab tuav thiab muab cov suab rwb thaiv tsev uas xav tau.
Brick partitions: SNiP
Cov qauv zoo li no hauv cov tsev hauv tebchaws tau ua ntau zaus. Lub thickness ntawm sab hauv partitions ua los ntawm cib feem ntau yog 10 cm. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm cov qauv tsim ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho. Qhov dav ntawm tus qauv cib yog raws nraim 10 mm. Partitions feem ntau yog tsim raws li "ib nrab-cib" txoj kev.
Raws li SNiP:
- lub thickness ntawm cov pob qij txha masonry nyob rau hauv muab faib yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 12 hli;
- thaum tso, hnav khaub ncaws yuav tsum;
- Kev tsim cov cib faib tsuas yog tso cai rau ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov.
Gypsum board kev tsim kho
Thaum siv cov khoom no, lub thickness ntawm sab hauv muab faib yuav raug kho. Plasterboard partitions yog sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv feem ntau siv tus qauv profile. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, qhov tuab ntawm cov qauv no tuaj yeem sib npaug rau:
- 75, 100 lossis 125 mm thaum siv cov profile tsis tu ncua thiab sheathing hauv ib daim ntawv;
- 100, 125, 150 mm rau ob chav sheathing;
- 155, 205, 255mm thaum siv ob qhov profile thiab 1 daim ntawv sheathing;
- ntau tshaj 220 ntawm ob qhov profile nrog 2-daim ntawv sheathing.
Hauv cov tsev ntiav me me uas tsis siv cov khoom siv suab nrov, lub thickness ntawm plasterboard sab hauv partitions feem ntau yog 100-125 hli. Thaum siv cov ntxhia wool, lawv tau ua thinner - 75-100 mm.
Thickness ntawm sab hauv partitions ua los ntawm aerated qhob blocks thiab ua npuas ncauj blocks
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub masonry kuj tau ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem "ib nrab cib". Uas yog, xws li partitions muaj ib tug tuab sib npaug zos rau qhov ntev ntawm lub luv luv sab ntawm lub npuaslos yog gas block. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
Ua npuas ncauj blocks feem ntau yog siv los tso rau sab hauv sab hauv partitions, thickness uas yog 10 cm, ntev 60 cm thiab siab 30 cm. siv. Raws li, lub thickness ntawm muab faib ntawm xws li blocks yuav yog 10 cm.
Aerated pob zeb khoom feem ntau muaj tib qhov ntev. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm foamed pob zeb, piv nrog cib, yog ntau dua ntawm lub suab rwb thaiv tsev. Ntawd yog, 10 cm muab faib ua los ntawm cov blocks yuav khaws cov suab nrov zoo dua li cib.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ncej-vaj huam sib luag
Kev tsim ntawm hom no nrov heev ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab cov tswv ntawm lub teb chaws cov tsev, feem ntau vim lawv cov nqi qis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm partitions ntawm hom no suav nrog:
- yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa;
- ib puag ncig phooj ywg.
Ntau zaus rau sheathing cais cov qauv ntawm hom no, tsis yog ib qho yooj yim edged board, tab sis ib ob sab siv. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev faib tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tiav thiab ua kom zoo nkauj heev.
Ntxiv rau cov qauv vaj huam sib luag, yog li, muaj qhov loj. Tab sis xws li partitions kuj muaj tej yam tsis zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws kub thiab noo noo tsis kam. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ze ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, piv txwv li, muab tso rautsuas yog ua tau yog tias qee cov cai tau ua raws. Nws tsis pom zoo kom cais chav ntub dej nrog partitions ntawm hom no. Tsis tsuas yog ntoo ntshai dej, tab sis kuj muaj cov ntaub plaub tsiaj, uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov qauv xws li lub suab rwb thaiv tsev.
Pros and cons of brick and block partitions
Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm sab hauv partitions raws li SNiP, ua los ntawm tej ntaub ntawv, raws li peb pom, yog 10 cm. Qhov ntawd yog, partitions ntawm hom no feem ntau nyob tsis muaj chaw nyob hauv tsev ntau dua li ntoo los yog plasterboard. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov qauv zoo li no kuj txawv ntawm qhov muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav tias yog lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Xws li partitions yog assembled, tau kawg, feem ntau nyob rau hauv cib los yog thaiv vaj tse. Thiab cov tsev tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab tus nqi siab. Yuav kom nteg tawm ib lub cib los yog thaiv kev faib tawm, koj yuav tsum muaj yam tsawg kawg nkaus bricklayer txawj. Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau cov qauv no, piv nrog ntoo thiab plasterboard, yog kim heev.
Pros and cons of GCR structures
Qhov tuab ntawm phab ntsa ntub dej sab hauv, raws li peb pom, tuaj yeem sib txawv. Tus tswv tsev muaj lub sijhawm los xaiv qhov kev xaiv tsim zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov ntsuas no. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, yog ntaus nqi rau unconditional zoo ntawm partitions los ntawm GKL.
Zoo li cov ncej-vaj huam sib luag, cov qauv zoo li no muaj ob qhov zoo dua ntxiv - kev yooj yimkev sib dhos thiab tus nqi qis. Lub installation ntawm xws li partitions yog feem ntau txawm pheej yig dua plank sawv daws yuav. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li ntoo, GKL, hmoov tsis, tsis tuaj yeem "ua pa". Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, xws li cov ntaub ntawv yog, ntawm chav kawm, tseem inferior rau boards.
Tsis zoo li thav duab-vaj huam sib luag, plasterboard partitions tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke, suav nrog rau cais chav ntub dej. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, kuj tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov tsuas yog, qhov no, txhawm rau sib sau ua ke, koj yuav tsum siv cov phab ntsa ntub dej uas kim dua-resistant ntsuab drywall.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov qauv vaj huam sib luag: nta thiab qhov yuav tsum tau
Txawm hais tias qhov tuab, qhov sib faib sab hauv ntawm hom no feem ntau tsis txawv ntawm qhov hnyav dhau. Yog li ntawd, kev txhawb nqa ntxiv rau lawv feem ntau tsis tau nruab. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv no feem ntau poob rau hauv pem teb cav thiab cov ncej txhawb nqa lawv.
Ib yam ntawm ntoo yog lub peev xwm hloov qhov ntev nrog qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov av noo thiab kub. Yog li ntawd, thaum sib sau ua ke cov qauv no, yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nthuav dav.
Partitions ntawm hom no yog mounted kwv yees raws li cov hauv qab no technology:
- kab rov tav qis ntawm tus ncej yog nruj nreem txuas rau hauv pem teb raws li qhov cim;
- ntsug grooves yog ua nyob rau hauv ob phab ntsa uas muab faib yuav tom qab txuas;
- spikes raug txiav nyob rau hauv lub bar npaj rau cov huab racks;
- racks tau nruab rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog "tsev fuabtais" los ua ke thiab raug kho ntxivntsia hlau los yog ntsia hlau;
- nruab nrab racks tau teeb tsa siv cov ces kaum;
- boards yog khoom lossis hauv ob sab phlu yog ntsia rau ntawm ib sab ntawm cov ntoo;
- ntxhia wool slabs yog ntxig rau ntawm cov ntsiab lus;
- qhov muab faib yog hemmed nrog lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm sab nraub qaum.
Qhov kub sib txawv thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos ntawm cov qauv no yog muab rau hauv feem ntau ntawm sab saum toj - hauv qab qab nthab (kwv yees li 1.5 cm).
Txhob cib partitions
Cov qauv zoo li no feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej tau txhim kho ib txhij nrog kev tsim kho lub tsev nws tus kheej. Lub hauv paus hauv qab lawv tau nchuav nrog lub hauv paus hauv qab phab ntsa.
Txawm tias tuab npaum li cas cov tswv tsev txiav txim siab los ua ib qho kev faib sab hauv ua los ntawm cib, masonry mortar rau kev tsim kho yog tov los ntawm cov cement thiab xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1/3. Txhawm rau muab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, masons feem ntau kuj ntxiv me ntsis slaked txiv qaub rau nws. Ua ntej nteg, cov cib yog muab qhuav thiab kab yog leveled. Tom ntej no, phab ntsa yog sib sau ua ke siv ib txoj hlua mooring.
Qee lub sij hawm nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txhim kho cib partitions hauv ib lub tsev uas twb tau ua lawm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus qauv tuaj yeem nteg tawm yam tsis muaj thawj lub hauv paus. Tab sis nws raug tso cai ua qhov no tsuas yog hauv cov chav uas cov pob zeb tau siv los sau hauv pem teb. Pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob rau hauv no txoj kev:
- kos rau hauv pem teb;
- ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb ua thiab ua kom ntub dej nrog ntau;
- muab ib daim kab xev 20 hli tuab rau hauv pem teb;
- nteg tawm thawj kab ntawm cib nrog tapping nrog rauj kom tau lub hauv qab seam 10-12 mm tuab;
- masonry using standard technology.
thaiv cov qauv
kwv yees raws li tib lub thev naus laus zis xws li cib, ua npuas ncauj thiab aerated qhob partitions raug tsim. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, masonry reinforcement yog ntxiv siv rau lub zog. Cov pas nrig yog muab tso rau hauv cov blocks nyob rau hauv parallel txhua 4 kab. Gas thiab ua npuas ncauj pob zeb yog qhov tsis yooj yim. Yog li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo kom tsim cov partitions no tsuas yog rau ntawm lub hauv paus ruaj khov.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm plasterboard partitions
Standard thickness ntawm sab hauv partitions ntawm no hom yog 100-150 hli. Kev sib dhos ntawm GKL cov qauv hauv feem ntau suav nrog peb theem:
- mounting tus ncej los ntawm qhov profile;
- txhim kho cov khoom siv suab nrov;
- plating GKL.
Txhawm rau sib sau cov thav duab ntawm plasterboard muab faib, siv ob hom profiles - qhia thiab riser. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yog ua los ntawm kev siv tus kheej tapping screws. Cov ntsiab lus thav duab yog luv luv thaum sib sau ua ke los ntawm plasterboard, yog tias tsim nyog, siv txiab hlau. Lengthening yog nqa tawm siv cov seem ntxiv ntawm qhov profile.
Cov cai rau mounting thav duab hauv qab GKLcov hauv qab no yog ua raws li:
- riser profiles tau muab tso rau hauv qab nthab qhia los ntawm 2 cm;
- pre-verttical ntsiab coj mus rau hauv qis kab rov tav profile;
- racks nyob ib sab ntawm phab ntsa yog npog nrog daim kab xev damper.
Drywall thaum sheathing yog txiav siv riam tsim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov npoo yog chamfered los ntawm 1/3 ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 45. GKL yog txuas nrog cov ncej siv cov ntsia hlau, pib ntawm ntug thiab txav mus rau nruab nrab.
Raws li kev siv ntoo, thaum sib sau ua ke cov phab ntsa ntub dej, qhov kub thiab txias tau muab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lawv raug tso tseg ob qho tib si hauv qab no - ze rau hauv pem teb, thiab saum toj no - ze lub qab nthab. Screws rau saum npoo ntawm nplooj ntawv yog muab tso rau hauv increments ntawm 25 cm.
Kev sib txuas lus hauv partitions
Masking cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam engineering systems siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws lub tsev ua rau nws muaj peev xwm muab thaj chaw rau ntau lub hom phiaj ib tug ntau aesthetic tsos. Feem ntau, kev sib txuas lus hauv cov tsev no tau ua tiav hauv cov ntoo lossis plasterboard partitions.
Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas tuab ntawm sab hauv partitions yuav tsum, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav ua tau heev tsis. GCR cov qauv, yog tias tsim nyog, tso kev sib txuas lus hauv lawv, piv txwv li, tau teeb tsa ntawm ob qhov profile. Ntawd yog, qhov tuab ntawm cov qauv hauv qhov no yuav muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 155 mm.
Hauv qhov profile hauv qab GKL, qhov rau cov kav dej, piv txwv li, cov tshuab cua sov, feem ntau yog muab thawj zaug. Nyob rau hauv ib tug beam ntawmkev sib dhos ntawm vaj huam sib luag vaj huam sib luag lawv yuav tsum tau ua nyias. Kev sib txuas lus tau muab tso rau hauv cov khoom sib faib, feem ntau ua ntej ua ntaub ntawv thib ob ntawm plasterboard, board lossis clapboard.
