Sodium silicate, lub npe hu ua iav dej, uas nws siv hauv kev tsim kho, xws li hauv ntau qhov chaw, tau dhau los ua tus qauv, yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm sodium oxide (Na 2 O) thiab silicon dioxide (SiO2). Qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom siv iav uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev solubility hauv dej, vim tias cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho tib si crystals (los yog hmoov) thiab brownish syrupy kua.
Crystals born in hluav taws
Cov cuab yeej tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv yog txheej txheem ntawm ci dej qab zib tshauv thiab quartz xuab zeb nyob rau hauv qhov cub ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1000 txog 1400 ° C. Yog li ntawd, carbon dioxide raug tso tawm thiab sodium silicate yog tsim (Na 2SiO3).
Cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm thiab hom sodium silicate
Rau tus neeg siv kawg nws yogcov silicate compound tuaj yeem pom tau ob qho tib si hauv thawj daim ntawv ntawm cov iav loj loj thiab hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hmoov crushed. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov kua dej sodium iav, cov reactors yog siv, qhov twg cov khoom silicate yog yaj nyob rau hauv siab hauv dej kub. Tom qab txias, cov khoom tiav, uas muaj daim ntawv ntawm cov kua nplaum, yog ntim rau hauv ntim ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Cov kua sodium silicate kuj tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev sib cais ncaj qha quartz xuab zeb nyob rau hauv lub siab nyob rau hauv ib tug rhuab aqueous tov ntawm caustic soda.
Nrog rau cov cuab yeej tsim khoom, cov kev daws teeb meem tiav yuav yog cov kua nplaum ntau dua, qhov siab dua ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus. High-viscosity kua iav yog siv los tsim cov iav granules tau los ntawm kev txau thiab ziab cov tshuaj kub. Cov hlaws tau raug ntim thiab xa mus rau tib txoj kev raws li cov khoom siv ntawm sodium silicate, tab sis (tsis zoo li cov qauv tsis muaj dej) lawv yaj ob peb zaug sai dua, ua kom yooj yim rau kev siv cov khoom siv.
Hluav Taws, dej thiab kav dej
Cia saib seb dab tsi ua rau cov khoom no tshwj xeeb. High alkalinity, corrosion kuj, zoo heev binding muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog ntuj (nyeem: nyab xeeb) Cheebtsam yog lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm kua iav, nws siv yog tag nrho raws li kev siv ntawm cov cim zoo. Cov khoom thiab qhov chaw kho nrog sodium silicate tau txais cov dej noo tsis kam, tiv thaiv tshav kub, tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw raws li nws yog siv rau kev sib khi thiab kev tiv thaiv.corrosion ntawm hlau dej txuas.
Cov khoom siv ua kua
Kev siv cov iav ua kua hauv kev kho thiab kev tsim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tsim nyog rau ntau yam. Qhob, raws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, feem ntau cuam tshuam rau txhua yam kev ua phem, ob qho tib si ua haujlwm thiab ntuj, yog li nws txoj kev tiv thaiv thiab kev txhawb zog yog yuav luag lub ntsiab "mob taub hau" ntawm txhua tus tswv tsev. Nws yog rau kev daws ntawm txoj haujlwm nyuaj no uas sodium kua iav tuaj yeem pab. Nws siv los ua ib qho ntxiv rau hauv ib qho mortar lossis plaster sib tov muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev:
- Vim muaj adhesion siab, lub zog saum npoo ntawm pob zeb nce, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm microcracks.
- Lub refractoriness ntawm sodium silicate muab cov qauv siab kub tsis kam, uas tso cai rau kev siv tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev daws teeb meem raws li nws rau kev tsim cov qhov cub thiab qhov cub.
- Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txo cov porosity ntawm cov pob zeb tov, qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm tag nrho cov khoom uas muaj cov iav ua kua los ntawm cov dej noo, qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam ntuj tsim ntau zaus.
- pob zeb ua bactericidal.
Thaum xaiv kev txhim kho cov khoom ntxiv, cov yam ntxwv no, ua ke nrog tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom, ua kua iav txaus nyiam.
Rau pob zeb, cov lus qhia rau kev siv los ntawm cov classic muaj pes tsawg leeg (3 qhov chaw ntawm xuab zeb, 1 - cement) txawv xwbLub fact tias ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov kua sodium sulfate yog ntxiv rau lub tiav lawm xuab zeb-cement mortar (kwv yees li 20% ntawm lub ntim ntawm qhuav mix).
A ya nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev nyob rau hauv ib lub thoob ntawm viscous brownish tshuaj
Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj ntxiv no yog qhov txo qis hauv kev teeb tsa lub sijhawm ua vaj tse. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej no yog siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam me me (piv txwv li, rau kev tso cov pob zeb refractory thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov qhov cub thiab qhov cub) los yog qhov ntim ntawm cov batch yog xam kom cov pob zeb tsis muaj sij hawm teem. Vim li no, ntau tus neeg tsim khoom feem ntau yuav siv lwm txoj hauv kev siv cov kua sodium silicate.
"Raincoat" for concrete
Txoj kev no yog ua raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv los ua ib zaj duab xis monolithic tom qab ziab. Cov cuab yeej no (ua ke nrog cov hydrophobicity thiab siab adhesion ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg) txiav txim siab nws siv nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv lub tsev thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm ya raws los ntawm kev thov ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw kho mob, uas yog, priming.
Vim li cas, ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev thiab hom kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo, nws tsim nyog them rau cov iav ua kua? Daim ntawv thov ntawm pob zeb ua rau nws sib nrug ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw hauv ntau txoj hauv kev:
- Yooj yim thiab nrawm ntawm daim ntawv thov. Ua hauj lwm, nws yog txaus kom muaj ib tug dav xim txhuam, spatula los yog tshuaj tsuag phom.
- High adhesion. Tom qab thov, cov khoom tsis tev tawm, ruaj khov rau hauv paus.
- siabfluidity. Zoo npog tag nrho cov kev nyuaj siab thiab microcracks.
- Kev kho mob Antiseptic. Qhov saum npoo yuav invulnerable rau fungus thiab pwm.
- High environmental friendliness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khi. Tso cai siv cov iav ua kua hauv cov chaw nyob. Ua tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg feem ntau hauv cov xwm txheej, sodium silicate tsis muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig. Nws thiaj li rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev ntuj li silica (SiO2) thiab soluble sodium compounds.
- Ntxiv rau kev txhim kho cov khoom pov thawj noo noo, raws li kev ua tiav, txheej txheej saum npoo tau ntxiv dag zog, uas ua rau kom hnav tsis kam ntawm lub hauv paus thiab ua haujlwm tiv thaiv rau cov txheej txheej zoo nkauj.
- Kev siv nyiaj txiag ntawm cov khoom siv.
- Muaj thiab nqi pheej yig.
Txhua tus neeg, tsis pub nws tus kheej ua phem
Ua ntej ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav qhov chaw kom zoo los ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab plua plav, thiab plaster loj tawg thiab chips. Nrog rau ib daim ntawv thov, lub pob zeb screed yog ntseeg tau impregnated nrog kua iav mus rau ib tug tob ntawm ob mus rau peb millimeters. Re-coating nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nqa tawm tsuas yog tom qab cov txheej txheem dhau los tau solidified. Tom qab ob peb txoj kev kho mob, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav impregnation ntawm lub hauv paus khoom mus txog nees nkaum millimeters.
Qhov tsis zoo (lossis cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem no) yog qhov ua tsis tau ntawm kev pleev xim lossis pasting tom qab thov. Nto smoothness, nrog rau siabkub thiab tshuaj stability ntawm sodium silicate tiv thaiv qhov diffusion ntawm thib peb cov kuab tshuaj rau hauv nws cov qauv sab hauv.
Ideal proportions nyob ntawm qhov xav tau
Rau kev tsim kho, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los siv iav kua. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv rau lawv txhua tus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej muaj ib feem ntawm cov iav kua thiab ob feem ntawm dej. Nrog rau qhov kev faib ua feem no, nws yuav siv li 300 ml ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau los npog 1m 2..
- Cov primer yog siv rau kev npaj ua ntej ua ntej wallpapering lossis pleev xim. Hauv qhov no, cov cement, ua ntej sib xyaw nrog dej, yog tov nrog kua iav hauv qhov sib npaug.
- Nyob rau hauv lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm waterproofing plaster, ib tug xuab zeb-cement sib tov yog npaj nrog ib tug silicate additive nyob rau hauv sib npaug proportions ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xyaw (1 x 1 x 1).
- Ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw dej thiab kua iav hauv qhov sib npaug.
Txoj kev muaj peev xwm ntawm iav txawv txawv
Sodium silicate cov khoom alkaline ntawm kev tshem tawm cov rog thiab roj, neutralizing acids, thiab rhuav tshem cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab thiab cov protein ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau siv hauv ib qho ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws: tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab tshuaj ntxuav tais diav.
Cov iav dej me me yog siv rau kev kho dej khib nyiab, qhov twg nws adsorbs hlau ions thiab pab tsim cov khoom xoob,lim dej los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis xav tau.
Ib qho khoom siv ntawm sodium silicate yog dav siv los ua silica gel, feem ntau siv ziab khaub ncaws.
Nov yog cov nplaum nplaum zoo rau iav lossis plooj (porcelain).
Kev siv cov iav dej ib txwm siv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov qe, uas tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cov kua nplaum silicate rau ntau lub hlis hauv qhov txias.
kua sodium silicate yog ntxiv rau lub tsheb radiator los kaw lub cav lub taub hau.
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm silicate tebchaw uas sodium tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov alkali hlau, xws li potassium lossis lithium. Txhua tus tsim nyog rau nws tus kheej cov kev xav tau, tab sis lawv txhua tus sib koom tib yam khoom ntawm kev ua cov iav iav uas yaj hauv dej los tsim cov tshuaj alkaline.
