Plua plav mites (txwv tsis pub - cov plua plav hauv tsev) muaj nyob hauv txhua chav uas tus neeg nyob lossis mus ntsib. Cov kab synanthropic no tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem nyob tsis muaj neeg, vim tias cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj no yog cov hlwb tuag ntawm tib neeg epidermis. Hauv peb tsab xov xwm, peb yuav nkag siab meej tias cov plua plav mites yog dab tsi thiab lawv saib zoo li cas, txawm tias lawv tom tib neeg. Peb yuav qhia rau koj paub tias yam twg yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los tshem tawm lawv thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv dab tsi los tiv thaiv lawv qhov tsis muaj kev loj hlob ntxiv.
Kev piav qhia
Plua plav mites yog cov kab me me (hom - arthropods), nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm arachnids. Tab sis qhov no tsis txhais hais tias lawv zoo li kab laug sab hauv txhua yam. Lawv cov ceg tawv tsis ntev, lawv tsim tsis zoo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, lawv lub zog txaus txav mus los ywj pheej. nkag muslawv maj mam nrhiav kev pab rau lawv tus kheej, uas, feem ntau, yog cov hlwb tuag ntawm tib neeg epidermis lossis daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg.
plua plav mites tiag tiag zoo li cas? Feem ntau, lawv zoo li kab laum, yog tias lawv rhuav tshem lawv cov tis thiab luv lawv ob txhais ceg. Ib qho txawv tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv tsis muaj kev faib tawm ntawm lub cev mus rau hauv ntu. Lawv tag nrho cov carcass, yog tias nws tuaj yeem hu ua qhov ntawd, yog ib qho "cutlet" txuas ntxiv (hauv daim ntawv txo qis, mus txog qhov loj ntawm 0.1-0.5 hli), me ntsis nqaim ntawm stigma thiab thickened rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub plab. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ib feem, lub stigma muaj ib tug khub ntawm cov txheej txheem me me, zoo li hypertrophied mites, uas cov kab xa cov edible pom rau nws tus kheej rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Qee tus piv lawv rau microscopically txo hippos. Qhov no yog cov plua plav zoo li hauv daim duab, nthuav dav ntau zaus.
Lawv nyob ntawm 60 mus rau 80 hnub, thaum lub sijhawm lawv tswj tau mus txog tag nrho lawv lub neej, uas yog, noj thiab sib tov, tom qab ntawd tus poj niam nteg txog 60 qe.
hmoov av yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas cov plua plav nyob hauv nws
Rau ntau nws yuav yog ib qho kev poob siab, tab sis ntau dua 20% ntawm cov plua plav hauv chav muaj cov khoom ntawm cov tawv nqaij tuag ntawm cov tawv nqaij ya ncig peb, hu ua epidermis. Ntxiv mus, ntau tus neeg nyob hauv chav tsev, cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim tawv nqaij flakes nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sib tov yuav yog. Ntxiv rau lawv, lub tsev plua plav suspension muaj:
- smoke particles (soot) 3%;
- fibers ntawm ntau yam ntaub thiab ntawv -12%;
- ntau yam ntxhia hais - 34%;
- paj paj ntoos - 6%;
- lwm cov kuab paug (ntu, nplai ntawm tsiaj plaub hau, fluff, thiab lwm yam) - 25%.
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, feem, muaj paj ntoos tsawg dua los ntawm cov paj, tab sis cov khaub ncaws ntau dua, thiab yog li ntawd cov 6% tsiv mus nyob rau qhov pom zoo ntawm cov khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus lub caij ntuj no. Qhov no yog dab tsi plua plav zoo li hauv lub tshuab tsom.
Chaw nyiam nyob
Cov ntaub pua plag ntau dua, cov rooj tog zaum thiab lwm yam khoom siv textile décor thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv hauv tsev, cov plua plav ntau dua yuav tsim hauv nws. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub pua plag yog qhov chaw nyiam rau plua plav mites. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm "muab" ib txwm nyob rau ntawm lawv. Hauv daim duab tom ntej no, cov plua plav mites zoo li cov ntaub pua plag textiles.
Cais, nws tsim nyog hais txog plaub thiab hauv ncoo, nrog rau lub txaj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau muaj sijhawm los tso lawv txhais tes ntawm no ib yam nkaus, kwv yees tias txog li ob lab plua plav mites tas li nyob hauv qhov nruab nrab ob lub txaj. Thiab feather thiab down fillers, nrog tsis muaj zaub mov, lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem ua zaub mov rau cov tsiaj microscopic.
Cov khoom hauv tsev thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsim nyog rau ib lo lus cais. Cov saib qub, cov chaw suab paj nruag thiab DVD players yog cov muaj peev xwm megacities thiab chaw yug me nyuam rau plua plav mites. Ntawm microcircuits, capacitors, resistances thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, ib txwm muaj plua plav, tab sis yog tias muaj plua plav ntau, thiab tsis muaj leej twg ntxuav nws ntev, zuam nyob hauv nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dawb.
lawv tuaj qhov twg hauv tsev
Ticks lawv tus kheej, ntawm chav kawm, tsis txhob tawm ntawm tsev mus rau tsev. Rau lawv, kom kov yeej qhov kev ncua deb yog zoo li yuav ua li cas ib tug neeg mus hla tag nrho ntawm Niam Russia los ntawm Kaliningrad mus rau Vladivostok. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau nqa los ntawm cua, neeg - ntawm khau, thom khwm, khaub ncaws lossis ntawm cov plaub hau tsiaj. Ib qho me me ntawm cov plua plav ncig ntawm txoj kev hauv thaj chaw nyob yuav muaj ntau "cov neeg taug kev" uas tau raug cua tshuab los ntawm lub qhov rais ntawm lub tsev nyob sib ze.
Puas muaj plua plav tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab?
Hais rau lo lus nug ntawm seb cov hmoov av zoo li cas nrog lub qhov muag liab qab, peb yuav teb tias cov tsiaj no tsis tuaj yeem pom txawm nyob hauv lub iav tsom iav. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov loj ntawm zuam yog 0.2 hli, uas txhais tau hais tias tsis muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, cov tsiaj no tsuas tuaj yeem kuaj tsis tau. Thiab txoj kev plua plav mites saib nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas qhov ua rau ntshai thiab qias neeg rau ntau tus. Cov no yog cov kab tsuag uas muaj lub ntsej muag ntxim nyiam, thiab los ntawm lawv cov tsos nws pom tseeb tias tsis muaj dab tsi zoo tuaj yeem xav tau los ntawm lawv.
plua plav mite los ntawm kev pom kev kho mob
Tam sim no cia peb saib qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev saib xyuas kev kho mob: dab tsi yog plua plav? Thiab yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau nws? Thiab feem ntau, nws puas ua tau? Cia peb pib nrog thawj lo lus nug. Cov kws kho mob ceeb toom tias plua plav mites yog cov kab mob ua rau mob ntsws asthma. Feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem yog tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm lwm yam kab mob txaus ntshai. Ntxiv nrog rau kev mob hawb pob bronchial, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau:
- conjunctivitis;
- rhinitis;
- ua pa tsis haum;
- kev tsis haum dermatitis;
- Quicke's edema.
Txhua yam kev cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg lub cev rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm zuam thiab cov enzymes uas lawv tso tawm tau sau tseg raws li tib lub npe "tick sensitization".
Puas plua plav tom?
Peb twb pom cov plua plav zoo li cas. Los ntawm cov duab muab, nws pom tseeb tias lawv tsis muaj "tom" cov kabmob xws li. Nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub, peb siv los hu nws tom - pricks nrog ib tug sting (piv txwv li, yoov tshaj cum), pinching ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog rau pem hauv ntej claws ntawm lub snout (qee zaum kab laug sab, hav zoov, meadow mites, beetles), thiab lwm yam. tsis siv rau plua plav mites. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj ib lub qhov nrog qee yam mandibles, nrog cov kab uas nqus tag nrho tib lub flakes ntawm txheej txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas ib zaug poob ntawm ib tug neeg, lawv tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem tom cov tawv nqaij nrog lawv.
Lawv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm hle nws li qhov pom tau. Cov tsiaj no yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tias ib qho ntawm lawv cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov epidermis yuav tsis pom los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm lub cev. Los ntawm lawv cov teebmeem ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ntau dua li ib leeg paj hlwb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, tsis hais nws qhov chaw nyob.
Plus, plua plav mites tsuas yog zom cov khoom ntawm cov epidermis tuag. Cov tawv nqaij nyob tsis yog khoom noj rau lawv. Hauv cov nplai thiab cov khoom siv lom neeg, qhov tom ntawm tus zuam tuaj yeem muab piv rau yuav ua li cas yog tias tus neeg xav tau tom tus ncej puab ntawm 100 npaug loj dua qhov loj. Ua ntej, cov khoom sivntxhib dhau - tsis yog rau tib neeg cov hniav, thiab qhov thib ob, cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm tus npua ncej puab yuav tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov.
Tab sis qee leej yuav tawm tsam tias peb txhua tus tau pom tias plua plav kab tom zoo li cas, lawv tuaj qhov twg yog cov mites tsis tom?
puas plua plav yog dab tsi?
Plua plav tom yog feem ntau hu ua liab liab uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tib neeg cov tawv nqaij tau raug rau cov enzymes uas lawv secrete, nrog rau cov quav ntawm microscopic kab yog tsau. Txhua tus zuam tuaj yeem "mus rau hauv chav dej hauv txoj kev loj" 20 zaug hauv ib hnub, yog li ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm ob lub txaj nws yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj tiag tiag rau tus neeg uas qhov enzyme no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.
Feem ntau cov tib neeg muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov tshuaj no. Tab sis muaj kev zam. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau hom plua plav mites lawv tus kheej, thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau tias cov quav ntawm qee yam yuav "tsis haum" qee tus neeg.
Leej twg txhawj xeeb txog plua plav?
Tick-borne sensitization feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov neeg mob hawb pob thiab menyuam yaus. Yog tias tus me nyuam tsis muaj laj thawj tam sim ntawd pib hnoos thiab tsim qhov ntswg, thiab tsis muaj cov kab mob tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig, feem ntau yog vim li cas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus menyuam lub cev rau qhov muaj plua plav ntau hauv tsev.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua rau cov menyuam yaus rau cov plua plav plua plav tau hais tawm qhov liab liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus menyuam (dermatitis) uas tsis tuaj ntawm qhov twg. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai ntawm xws li khaus, txij li cov tshuaj niaj hnub tau yooj yim kawm los daws cov kev tsis haum tshuaj. Daim duab nrog cov hmoov av tom ntawm tib neeg lub cev zoo li tsis kaj siab.
Yog tias koj pom qhov khaus ntawm koj tus menyuam daim tawv nqaij, nws txhais tau tias cov kab ntau dhau tag nrho cov kev tso cai thiab nws yog lub sijhawm los pib ntxuav koj lub tsev kom mob siab rau, npaj lub Armageddon tiag tiag rau cov neeg tsis tau caw.
ntsuas kev puas tsuaj
Nyob hauv ib lub khw tshwj xeeb koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam khoom uas tuaj yeem pab tshem cov zuam uas muaj ntau ntau hauv koj lub tsev. Feem ntau, cov khoom no yog cov tshuaj tsuag uas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg, tab sis tib lub sijhawm, ua rau cov kab ntxub ntxaug.
Lawv yuav tsum tuav lub txaj, hauv ncoo thiab pam. Cov ntaub pua tsev tshem tawm, kom tag nrho cov tsiaj uas zes hauv nws tuaj yeem so, tuaj yeem tsau hauv dej kub. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab no yog 15-25 ° C. Frost lossis cua sov ua rau lawv tuag.
Rau kev kho cov ntaub pua plag thiab ntaub pua tsev, cov khoom siv tu tshwj xeeb muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau. Yog tias koj so hauv pem teb thiab lwm qhov chaw nrog kev daws ntawm cov khoom zoo li no, nrog rau cov ntaub pua plag huv si, tag nrho cov kab tsuag uas nyob hauv lawv yuav mus rau lub ntiaj teb tom ntej.
Yuav ua li cas, tsis muaj kev kho yuav pab tshem tawm cov plua plav tawm 100%. Tab sis txo qis cov kab pej xeem kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tsawg kawg yog nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub zog.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab tsuag los ntawm kev yug me nyuam dua, kev tiv thaiv theem pib yuav tsum tau ua. Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev cov kev nqis tes ua los pab kom cov plua plav plua plav cov pej xeem tswj tau:
- txhua lub limtiam kev ntub dej yuav tsum tau ua hauv txhua qhov chaw nyob. Yog tias koj tsis xav siv nyiaj rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem txaws me ntsis vinegar essence rau hauv lub phiab lossis thoob dej. Tus ntxhiab tsw yuav ploj mus hauv ib teev, tab sis cov tsiaj yuav tuag nrog qhov hnyav dua.
- Txhua cov rooj tog zaum yuav tsum tau nqus kom huv. Cov minus ntawm zuam yog lawv lub teeb yuag thiab sluggishness. Lawv tsis tawg los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev zoo li nas. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim lawv lub siab tsis zoo, lawv yuav tsis nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas thiaj li tsiv mus nyob rau qhov chaw pov tseg tau tshwm sim rau lawv. Lawv zes feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov khoom ntawm upholstered rooj tog, vim hais tias tsis muaj zaub mov rau lawv nyob rau hauv lub upholstery. Yog li ntawd, ntau ntawm lawv "cov neeg ua haujlwm" yuav raug sau los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev.
- Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, tshem cov hauv ncoo, pam pam thiab pam vov kom qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Tsis tas li ntawd, kab yuav tuag los ntawm overheating, tab sis ultraviolet nws tus kheej kuj yog kev puas tsuaj rau lawv. Ob peb teev ntawm xws li "hnub da dej", koj lub txaj yuav tshem tawm ntawm tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm tag nrho cov mites zes nyob rau hauv lawv.
- Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj frosty huab cua, cov ntxhua khaub ncaws uas koj coj tawm mus rau hauv cov huab cua ntshiab yuav tau dim ntawm tag nrho cov zuam mus rau qhov kawg. Yog hais tias lub hnub tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv ncoo los yog feather hauv ncoo nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, ces Frost yuav tawg los ntawm nws.hauv av.
Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov khoom tsis zoo, cov ntaub pua plag thiab lwm yam khoom, cov khoom me me, cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov khoom qub qub hauv chav tsev, qhov me me ntawm cov chaw zov me nyuam koj yuav muaj, tsim tau ntau dua thiab ntau hordes tshiab ntawm zuam. Tshem tawm ntawm txhua yam superfluous, thiab koj yuav, tsis muaj kev poob siab, ua pa yooj yim dua, thiab qhov no tau hais hauv qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus.
Zaj lus
Los ntawm saum toj no nws pom tseeb tias txawm tias plua plav mites zoo li hauv daim duab, lawv tsis muaj kev phom sij rau lawv tus kheej. Los ntawm thiab loj, cov no yog cov neeg txom nyem uas tsuas noj tau thiab tso lawv cov khoom pov tseg. Kev phom sij rau tib neeg tsuas yog lawv cov enzymes, tsim los ntawm lawv nrog rau cov quav. Thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov concentration ntawm kab ntau tshaj txhua qhov kev xav tau txwv. Tab sis kev tiv thaiv yooj yim, ua ke nrog tshuaj tsuag tshwj xeeb, yuav pab tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no.
