Lim gauge sensors: piav qhia, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, specifications thiab tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Lim gauge sensors: piav qhia, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, specifications thiab tshuaj xyuas
Lim gauge sensors: piav qhia, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, specifications thiab tshuaj xyuas
Anonim

Cov ntsuas kab mob yog cov khoom siv uas hloov cov ntsuas elastic deformation ntawm lub cev khoom rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis kam ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thaum nws qhov geometric qhov ntev hloov ntawm nro lossis compression.

cov ntsuas ntsuas
cov ntsuas ntsuas

Kev ntsuas ntsuas: lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm lub cuab yeej yog lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas ntawm cov qauv elastic. Strain gauges yog calibrated los ntawm stepwise loading nrog ib tug zuj zus quab yuam thiab ntsuas qhov loj ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis kam. Tom qab ntawd, los ntawm kev hloov pauv, nws yuav muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis paub load thiab cov strain proportional rau nws.

strain gauge txoj cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm
strain gauge txoj cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm

Nyob ntawm hom sensors, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas:

  • zog;
  • siab;
  • move;
  • torque;
  • kev nrawm.

Txawm tias muaj cov txheej txheem thauj khoom nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv, qhov kev txiav txim raulub strain gauge yog txo kom ncab los yog compressing nws lattice raws ib tug ntev seem hu ua lub hauv paus.

Qhov ntsuas ntsuas twg yog siv

Cov hom kev ntsuas ntau tshaj plaws nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm txhua yam - strain gauges.

hom ntsuas ntsuas
hom ntsuas ntsuas

kab ntsuas ntsuas

Qhov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog ib qho ncaj ntawm cov hlau nyias, uas txuas nrog rau qhov kev kawm. Nws kuj yog: r=pL / s, qhov twg p yog qhov resistivity, L yog qhov ntev, s yog qhov chaw hla ntu.

Ua ke nrog ib feem, cov hlau nplaum yog elastically deformed. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws qhov ntev geometric hloov. Thaum compressed, ntu ntu ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nce, thiab thaum ncab, nws txo qis. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev hloov pauv kev kos npe nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm deformation. Tus yam ntxwv yog linear.

Qhov rhiab heev ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau ua rau qhov xav tau los ua kom qhov ntev ntawm cov xaim hauv qhov ntsuas me me. Ua li no, nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug kauv (lattice) ntawm hlau, glued rau ob sab nrog rwb thaiv tsev daim hlau los ntawm ib tug zaj duab xis ntawm cov kua roj vanish los yog ntawv. Txhawm rau txuas mus rau qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub cuab yeej tau nruab nrog ob txoj hlua tooj liab. Lawv tau welded los yog soldered mus rau qhov kawg ntawm cov coiled hlau thiab muaj zog txaus los txuas rau ib qho hluav taws xob Circuit Court. Lub ntsuas ntsuas yog txuas rau lub caij elastic lossis ib feem hauv kev sim nrog kua nplaum.

Wire load cells muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:

  • simple design;
  • linear dependence on strain;
  • me me;
  • tus nqi qis.

Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog qhov tsis tshua muaj siab, cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, xav tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws, siv tsuas yog hauv thaj tsam ntawm elastic deformations.

Cov hlau yuav deform thaum lub adhesion quab yuam ntawm cov nplaum rau nws zoo heev tshaj lub zog yuav tsum tau ncab nws. Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas yuav tsum yog 160 txog 200, uas sib haum rau nws txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.02-0.025 hli. Nws tuaj yeem nce mus txog 0.05 hli. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas, cov nplaum nplaum yuav tsis raug puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sensor ua haujlwm zoo hauv compression, txij li cov hlau strands yog ib qho nrog cov nplaum zaj duab xis thiab ib feem.

Npaj Load Cells

Qhov tsis muaj thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv ci thauj khoom ntawm tes yog tib yam li cov xaim xaim. Cov khoom siv tsuas yog nichrome, constantan lossis titanium-aluminium foil. Lub tshuab photolithography raug tso cai kom tau txais cov txheej txheem lattice nyuaj thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem.

Piv rau cov kab ntsuas kab mob, cov ntawv xov xwm kab ntawv yog qhov nkag siab dua, nqa tam sim no ntau dua, xa cov kab mob zoo dua, muaj kev coj zoo dua, thiab muaj cov qauv nyuaj dua.

Semiconductor load cells

Qhov rhiab ntawm cov sensors yog kwv yees li 100 npaug siab dua li cov xaim, uas tso cai rau lawv siv tsis tu ncua yam tsis muaj amplifiers. Qhov tsis zoo yog brittleness, siab dependence rau ambient kub thiab tseem ceebparameter kis.

Txoj kab ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas

  1. Base - qhov ntev ntawm daim phiaj tus neeg xyuas pib (0.2-150 mm).
  2. Nominal resistance R - active resistance value (10-1000 Ohm).
  3. Kev ua haujlwm tam sim no Ip - tam sim no uas lub ntsuas ntsuas tsis pom qhov kub. Thaum overheated, cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ntsiab lus, lub hauv paus thiab cov nplaum txheej hloov, distorting cov nyeem.
  4. Strain yam: s=(∆R/R)/(∆L/L), qhov twg R thiab L yog cov hluav taws xob tsis kam thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub unloaded sensor, feem; ∆R thiab ∆L - kev hloov pauv hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab deformation ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Rau cov khoom sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo (R nce nrog nro) thiab tsis zoo (R nce nrog compression). Tus nqi ntawm s rau cov hlau sib txawv ntawm -12.6 txog +6.

Schemes rau kev hloov ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas

Txhawm rau ntsuas cov hluav taws xob me me, qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog kev sib txuas ntawm tus choj, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm uas yog voltmeter. Qhov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws yuav yog lub ntsuas ntsuas, lub voj voog uas tau sib sau ua ke raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus choj hluav taws xob, hauv ib qho ntawm caj npab uas nws txuas nrog. Nws unloaded kuj yuav zoo ib yam li tus so ntawm cov resistors. Hauv qhov no, lub cuab yeej yuav qhia xoom voltage.

strain gauge circuit daim duab
strain gauge circuit daim duab

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsuas ntsuas yog txhawm rau nce lossis txo tus nqi ntawm nws qhov kev tawm tsam, nyob ntawm seb cov rog puas yog compressive lossis tensile.

lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas
lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas

Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov ntsuas ntsuas muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau qhov raug ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Yog hais tias ib tug zoo li strain kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lwm caj npab ntawm tus choj, uas yuav tsis tau loaded, nws yuav ua hauj lwm ntawm compensating rau thermal teebmeem.

Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis kam ntawm cov xov hlau txuas nrog cov resistor. Lawv lub hwj chim raug txo los ntawm kev ntxiv lwm cov hlau txuas nrog ib tus pins ntawm lub ntsuas ntsuas thiab lub voltmeter.

Yog tias ob lub sensors tau muab khi rau ntawm lub hauv paus elastic nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas lawv cov khoom sib txawv hauv kev kos npe, lub teeb liab yuav nthuav tawm 2 zaug. Yog hais tias muaj plaub lub sensors nyob rau hauv Circuit Court nrog loads qhia los ntawm xub xub nyob rau hauv daim duab saum toj no, lub rhiab heev yuav nce ho. Nrog rau qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau los yog cov ntawv ci strain gauges, ib lub microammeter pa yuav muab nyeem yam tsis muaj hluav taws xob teeb liab amplifier. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug xaiv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv siv ib qho multimeter kom lawv sib npaug ntawm txhua sab caj npab ntawm tus choj hluav taws xob.

Kev siv cov ntsuas ntsuas hauv engineering

  1. Ib feem ntawm kev tsim cov nplai: thaum hnyav, lub cev sensor yog elastically deformed, thiab nrog nws cov strain gauges glued rau nws, txuas rau hauv ib lub voj voog. Cov teeb liab hluav taws xob xa mus rau lub ntsuas.
  2. Kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub xeev kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv tsim thiab kev tsim vaj tsev hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov kev tsim kho thiab kev ua haujlwm.
  3. Cov ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas rau ntsuas lub zog deformation thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwmhlau siab ntawm dov mills thiab stamping presses.
  4. Kub ntsuas kub rau cov hlau thiab lwm yam kev lag luam.
  5. ntsuas sensors nrog stainless hlau elastic caij rau kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig chemically aggressive.
  6. kev siv cov strain gauges
    kev siv cov strain gauges

Cov qauv ntsuas ntsuas tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntxhua khaub ncaws, kab, yooj yim lossis ob sab kab teeb, S-puab. Rau tag nrho cov qauv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub zog siv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia: los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab los yog vice versa. Nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm hnyav, kev tsim tshwj xeeb ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm qhov kev ua ntawm cov kab mob cab. Lawv cov nqi feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov no.

Rau cov ntsuas ntsuas, tus nqi yog li ntawm pua pua rubles mus rau pua txhiab. Ntau yam nyob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, tsim, cov khoom siv, kev tsim tshuab, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntxiv. Feem ntau, lawv yog cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov nplais.

strain gauges nqi
strain gauges nqi

Zaj lus

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov ntsuas ntsuas yog ua raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov deformation ntawm cov khoom elastic rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Rau cov hom phiaj sib txawv, muaj qhov sib txawv sensor tsim. Thaum xaiv cov ntsuas ntsuas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab seb cov circuits puas muaj kev them nyiaj rau kev nyeem ntawv kub thiab cov kab mob parasitic mechanical influences.

Pom zoo: