Sand-lime cib yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, txhim khu kev qha, yooj yim siv lub tsev uas muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Tsis zoo li ceramics, cov khoom no tsis raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv qhov cub, uas txo nws cov nqi. Zoo meej geometry, ua ke nrog lwm yam zoo ntawm silicate lub tsev cov ntaub ntawv, piav qhia txog nws cov kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws ua haujlwm yooj yim. Muaj silicate cib pros thiab cons.
Daim ntawv thov thiab cov khoom siv
Cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev silicate yog txiv qaub thiab xuab zeb. Vim tias qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws nrog qhov hnyav qis, tab sis nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm lub zog, cov khoom siv tau siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov phab ntsa txhawb nqa tus kheej, txhua kab, partitions, rau tso rau sab nrauv ntawm lub chimney. Lub cib yog tsim rau kev tsim cov tsev siab siab (corpulent version). Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ib- thiab ob-storey tsev, cottages.
Xws li silicate cib qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zooNws muaj. Nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov qauv uas yuav raug kub hnyiab, vim nws muaj thermal stability tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv silicate thaum tsim lub hauv paus.
Cib khoom:
- zoo suab cais;
- siab thermal conductivity (ib lub tsev nyob yuav xav tau kev pabcuam thermal rwb thaiv tsev);
- frost resistance.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom niaj hnub tau ua rau nws tuaj yeem txhim kho thiab coj kev hloov pauv rau ntau yam xim ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Cov xim palette xav tau yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov suab nrov hauv qhov xav tau concentration hauv cov tshuaj nws tus kheej.
Cov kauj ruam hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev
Cov txheej txheem cib yog qhov yooj yim heev (tsis zoo li kev tsim khoom ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hauv tsev), tab sis nws yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - autoclave ncu, yog li silicate tsuas yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj loj. Nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev cob qhia me me los tsim nws.
Production mus raws li hauv qab no:
- Rau cov khoom siv, txiv qaub yog noj nyob rau hauv qhov kev faib ua feem.
- ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm quartz xuab zeb, ntxiv dej.
- sib tov kom huv si.
- Cov khoom sib xyaw yog dhau los ntawm kev nias thiab muab cov duab xav tau.
- Cov khoom lag luam yog autoclaved nrog chav ntawm tshaj 100 degrees.
- Nyob qhuav khoom.
- Cov txiaj ntsig tiav yog tshem tawm ntawm cov ntawv thiab xa mus rau kev lag luamcenters.
Type of building bricks
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tau txais cov cib xws li chipped thiab zoo li tus. Qhov cib no yuav embellish ib qho, txawm tias zoo li tsis pom tseeb. Tus nqi ntawm cov xuab zeb-lime cib nyob ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom, yog li ntawd, thaum muag ib lub cib, tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum muab daim ntawv pov thawj zoo thiab kev tso cai. Tau kawg, koj yuav tsum tau yuav silicate cib los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom txhim khu kev qha.
Tus neeg siv khoom muaj lub sijhawm los yuav cov khoom siv hauv tsev no hauv ob txoj kev xaiv:
- ncig;
- hollow.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kawg version, tshwj xeeb qhov chaw pub dawb hauv cov khoom dav hlau yog perpendicular. Cov voids no tuaj yeem dhau los lossis tsis dhau los ntawm kev ua tiav.
Silicate khoom yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim. Feem ntau siv dawb silicate cib. Tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm daus-dawb, dyes tuaj yeem hloov nws lub suab. Cov mis zoo meej ntawm cov khoom ua rau nws yooj yim thiab yooj yim los hloov cov xim ntawm cov khoom, yog li ntawd, nws lub suab tuaj yeem yog grey, liab, thiab lwm yam.
Kev faib khoom
Nws tsim nyog paub koj tus kheej nrog cov khoom siv ntawm silicate cib, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus. Cov ntsiab lus rau kev tsim cov khoom siv no tsis suav nrog cov khoom siv phom sij - cov no yog cov xuab zeb yooj yim, txiv qaub thiab qee qhov dej. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom zoo li no, peb tuaj yeem hais nrog kev ntseeg siab tias lub cib zoo li ib puag ncig.
BNyob ntawm qhov proportions, silicate cib tuaj yeem yog:
- txiv qaub-xuab zeb. Qhov no yog ib txwm siv ntawm silicate cib, muaj li ntawm txiv qaub (7-10%) thiab quartz xuab zeb (90-93%).
- txiv qaub-slag. Nws yog tau los ntawm kev hloov quartz xuab zeb nrog ib qho yooj yim ntxeem tau slag 88-97% tov nrog 3-12% txiv qaub.
- txiv qaub-ash. Nws muaj 75-80% tshauv thiab 20-25% txiv qaub.
yam tseem ceeb
Raws li cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, xws li compaction thiab Frost tsis kam, silicate cib tsis txawv los ntawm cov neeg paub ntau tshaj plaws ceramics. Cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom ntawm silicate cib yog tswj los ntawm GOST 379-79. Tus qauv loj ntawm silicate cib feem ntau siv (250x120x65, qhov twg 250 yog qhov ntev, 120 yog qhov dav thiab 65 hli yog qhov tuab).
Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
- Qib Siab - ntawm M75 txog M300.
- Frost resistance - cov chav kawm hauv qab no yog qhov txawv: F15, F25, F35, F50.
- Thermal conductivity - 0.38-0.70 W / m °C.
Daim ntawv thov txiaj ntsig
Dawb ib-thiab-ib-ib-ib nrab silicate cib thiab cov cib zoo tib yam, tsim los ntawm cov txiv qaub thiab xuab zeb, feem ntau yog siv thaum tso cov kabmob, txhawb nqa tus kheej phab ntsa thiab kho kom zoo nkauj partitions; nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab cov qauv ntawm ntau qhov siab; nteg txheej txheej ntawm cov kav dej, thiab, ntxiv rau, txhawm rau txhaws qhov khoob hauv cov pob zeb monolithic. Muaj xws li cib pros thiab cons.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov xuab zeb-lime cib:
- Soundproofing. Ua tsaug rau tus cwj pwm noLub suab ntawm txoj kev yuav tsis hnov hauv lub tsev.
- Kev ruaj ntseg txiav txim siab los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv ntuj - xuab zeb thiab txiv qaub. Tsis muaj hluav taws xob theem hauv cov khoom no.
- Tus nqi qis nrog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog vim qhov tseeb tias tus nqi pib ntawm kev tsim khoom tsis yog siab dhau los piv rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
- Cold resistance ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus mus txog 50 khov / thaw cycles.
- Aesthetics. Ua tsaug rau qhov sib xws thiab pom cov xim zoo nkauj, cov tsev ua los ntawm cov khoom siv no yuav muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj.
- Kev ntseeg siab, uas nce ntxiv vim kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov tshuaj masonry. Sand-lime cib masonry tuaj yeem tsim tau siv txhua yam los ntawm cov cement-txiv qaub sib tov rau cov nplaum polymer, ib qho twg yog qhov sib xws nrog cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
- Yooj yim siv. Lub dav hlau tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
- Kho geometry - ib qho cib ntawm cov duab sib npaug, uas yooj yim rau kev tso.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv
Silicate cib muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, zoo li lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev.
Main cons:
- Tsawg kub tsis kam - thaum raug kub siab, cov khoom siv hauv tsev pib tawg, thiab qhov no ua rau tawg kiag li.
- Cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog hnyav. Thaum tsim vaj tsev, lawv tsim lub hauv paus tshwj xeeb nrog lub peev xwm loj dua.
- Tsuas yog cov qauv geometric nruj nrog cov kaum ncaj qha muaj.
- qib qishydro-resistance - cov khoom tuaj yeem tawg nyob rau hauv cov dej tsis tu ncua.
- High thermal conductivity. Qhov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev tsim cov phab ntsa tuab thiab insulating nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev kub.
Silicate cib tsis tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev rau kev tsim kho lub hauv paus ntawm cov tsev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm ntau hom ntsev uas nyob hauv av hauv dej.
Yog cov xuab zeb-lime cib da dej tab tom tsim, kuj muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Cov lus qhia xaiv
Silicate cib yog hom kev lag luam tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov analogues, txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus txaus siab rau nws cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab zoo nkauj. Thaum xaiv cov khoom zoo li no, cov neeg siv khoom tau txiav txim siab txiav txim siab thiab yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov nyiaj me me no tsis tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom uas yuav khaws nws cov khoom qub rau ntau pua xyoo.
Raws li ntau yam, kev xaiv ntawm cov xim sib txawv thiab hom saum npoo zoo li zoo, tab sis hais txog kev zoo nkauj, xuab zeb-lime cib tsis zoo rau lwm hom. Thaum xaiv silicate cib, yuav tsum xyuam xim rau nws cov khoom tseem ceeb. Lub ntsiab cim ntawm lub zog ntawm lub cib yog qhov txwv ntawm compressive stability. Nws yuav tsum yog 15-20 MPa. Nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv stability ntawm ib lub cib, tsab ntawv "M" yog qhia, uas qhia cov theem ntawm lub zog. Nov yog hom xuab zeb-lime cib.
Kev pom zoo siv
Silicate cib yog cov khoom siv dav thiab nrov rau kev tsim vaj tsev ntiag tug. Nws tau siv nyob txhua qhov chaw tau ntau xyoo. Niaj hnub no nws raug xaiv rau kev tsim kho vim yog tus nqi qis thiab qhov ua tau zoo. Lub cib muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, yog li lub vaj tsev tsis tas yuav kho kom zoo nkauj sab nrauv ntxiv.
Vim tias qhov kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pob zeb silicate, kev siv cov khoom siv nyob rau sab qaum teb thaj tsam nrog lub caij ntuj no ntev ntev tau tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsom mus rau lub siab thermal conductivity ntawm lub pob zeb no. Lub silicate cib ntsa sai sai thiab yooj yim muab tawm cua sov los ntawm lub tsev. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj npaj yuav tsim ib lub tsev nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum xav txog cov khoom siv twg zoo dua ntawm kev tso cov phab ntsa kom koj tsis tas yuav ntxiv cov txheej txheem.
Cov neeg siv khoom hais dab tsi
Cov neeg siv khoom pom lub cib no ua kom ntseeg tau zoo heev. Thaum lub tsev nyob tab tom tsim, cib feem ntau yog unloaded nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li ruthless txoj kev - nyob rau hauv tej. Xav txog tej yam: 2.5 txhiab lub cib tawg yog rushing los ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub tsev MAZ. Thiab dab tsi yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, vim yog cov cib tawg hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tsuas muaj 8-10 units ib lub tsheb tag nrho. Tau ntau xyoo lawm, lub cib tig daj, cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab rau nws qhov zoo.
Silicate cib tau ua thiab tseem yog qhov kev lag luam zoo tshaj plaws rau cov teeb meem ntawm kev txhawb nqa tus kheej ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv. Ntawm cov minuses, builders nco ntsoov ib tug loj heev noo noo nqus. Qhov teeb meem no yooj yim daws tau - nws yog qhov tsim nyogmuas ib tug tshwj xeeb waterproofing agent thiab kho cov phab ntsa.
