Lub qhov cub yog ib qho qauv tsim tshwj xeeb uas tau pab tib neeg txij li thaum immemorial. Cov khoom siv tes ua ntawm lub tsev qhov cub tau dhau los ua kev kos duab tiag tiag. Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab mortar yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho lub qhov cub zoo. Cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub no qhia txog ntau yam kev sib xyaw ntawm qhov cub uas sib txawv ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov khoom, muaj pes tsawg leeg.
txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov cub sib xyaw
Kev npaj tus kheej ntawm masonry mortar yuav tsum tau yuav ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xyaw, khaws lawv cov pes tsawg tus piv thaum sib tov yog ib tug complex thiab ntev txheej txheem. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los siv cov khoom sib xyaw qhuav, txawm hais tias lawv kim dua li ua-nws-koj tus kheej sib tov rau qhov cub. Lawv twb suav tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntxiv dej (cov lus qhia muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau qhov no). Tam sim no, qhov muaj koob meej ntawm kev npaj ua kom qhuav kiln mix yog loj hlob. Cov tebchaw no muaj ob qhov txiaj ntsig loj uas muab qhov zoo dua li cov kev daws teeb meem ib txwm muaj.
Thawj, yooj yim ntawm kev siv - tsuas yog sib tovlawv nrog dej siv lub tov khoom.
Thib ob, kev tshem tawm qhov ua tau yuam kev hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, uas tso cai rau tus neeg uas tsis muaj kev paub dhau los tuaj yeem ua haujlwm thiab nteg tawm lub cub tawg yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj tom qab thiab deformation, thiab kev xaiv dav. ntawm cov khoom no guarantees lub peev xwm mus nqa tau yooj yim txhua yam koj xav tau.
Oven mixes
Pib pib kev tsim kho ntawm lub cub tawg, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv txoj cai tsis yog ntawm cov khoom siv refractory xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm cov masonry mortar.
Muaj peb hom masonry mortar:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshav kub: tiv taus qhov deformation thaum cua sov / txias ntawm qhov cub. Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo li no yog tsim los rau kev thauj khoom zoo li qub.
- Kub-resistant mortars: resistant rau high-temperature deformations, muaj peev xwm tiv nrog static thiab dynamic loads.
- Refractory mortars: muab cov khoom ntawm ob qho dhau los. Cov khoom sib tov no muaj ntau yam thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub siab tshaj plaws.
Cov tshuaj khib nyiab tsis haum rau kev tso qhov cub vim nws qhov tsis ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj zog sai thaum raug kub hnyiab.
Txoj kev siv cov refractory mix
Kev siv cov masonry refractory sib tov rau saum npoo ntawm lub pob zeb lossis cib yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm lub qhov cub. Nws tsim ib qho hermetic barrier los cuam tshuam cov cua ntsawj ntshab vim qhov ua tau ntawm huab cua nkag mus rau hauv qhov cub. Qhov sib tov refractory kuj txo qhov ua tauKev nkag mus ntawm carbon monoxide rau hauv lub tsev, uas nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg. Qhuav qhov cub sib xyaw ib txwm muaj cov khoom siv ntxiv, ntau cov khoom ntim (plasticizers tuaj yeem ntxiv kom cov yas thiab elasticity thaum siv). Hom kev daws teeb meem txawv nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv:
- rau qhov cub thiab qhov cub, hauv ob sab phlu ntawm combustion chambers - av nplaum-xuab zeb los yog av nplaum-chamotte daws;
- thaum ua tsev chimneys thiab ua tiav - xuab zeb-cement, av nplaum-cement, txiv qaub-cement mortars;
- rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub hauv paus, qhov chaw ntawm chimneys nyob saum lub ru tsev - cement mix.
Vim muaj cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom ntxiv hauv cov khoom sib xyaw rau qhov cub thiab qhov cub, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pob qij txha tau khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev (qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tawg yog xyaum tsis suav nrog, tab sis tsuas yog yog cov tshuaj khib nyiab. yog thov nrog me me thickness).
Kiln bricks
Nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev qhov cub thiab qhov cub, cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li cib tuaj yeem siv tau. Txhawm rau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub qhov cub (lub qhov cub thiab qhov hluav taws xob), siv cov av nplaum yooj yim tshaj plaws (qib qib ib).
Qib thib ob ntawm cib muaj xim liab, tsis hlawv. Siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm qhov chaw thib ob ntawm qhov cub.
Qhov thib peb, hu ua hlau ore, yog xim av tsaus, ruaj. Tsuas yog tsim los tsim lub hauv paus cub tawg.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.
Muab rau hauv tus account cov xwm txheej rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej ntawm lub qhov cub lossis qhov cub, nws tuaj yeem npaj qhov cub sib tov raws li cov khoom hauv qab no:
- clay;
- cement;
- lime.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias av nplaum thiab xuab zeb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Lub plasticity ntawm cov khoom nce tom qab ntxiv mis nyuj ntawm txiv qaub. Asbestos yog siv los ua kom muaj zog.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm hom no suav tias yog qib tsis txaus ntawm lub zog thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Lub qhov cub yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm tib neeg lub neej txij li thaum immemorial, nws pab ua kom sov rau hnub txias thiab ua noj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim kom raug, ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev tsim kho. Kev siv cov khoom sib tov qhuav txuag lub sijhawm thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis raug uas tshwm sim thaum sib xyaw cov khoom siv rau kev tso qhov cub thiab qhov cub.
