Kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab cov vaj tse yog tag nrho cov kev teeb tsa thiab kev tsim kho, lub hom phiaj yog los hloov cov kev daws teeb meem architectural ntawm cov khoom thiab tsim ntau yam peev superstructures, outbuildings thiab attics. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev thiab cov qauv kev thauj khoom, nrog rau kev txhim kho thaj chaw uas nyob ib sab.
Reconstruction
Nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li txoj hauv kev, thiab feem ntau nws pib nrog kev kho lub hauv paus, nws tsim ntxiv lossis ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus hauv qab nws. Reconstruction tej hauj lwm muaj xws li waterproofing lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev thiab nws cov hauv qab daus, kho lub facade thiab phab ntsa, hloov ceilings thiab ru tsev systems. Tsis ntev los no, qee lub tuam txhab thiab cov koom haum hauv cov npe ntawm cov kev pabcuam no tau pib suav nrog kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, khoom siv, nrog rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm chav tsev nyob.
Muaj ntau hom kev kho tsev thiabkhoom siv:
- hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw muaj khoom rau hauv cov tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm;
- nce pem teb;
- nthuav dav ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom los ntawm kev tsim cov plag tsev ntxiv hauv cov tsev nrog cov qab nthab siab, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau, kev tsim kho vaj tse ntxiv nrog rau kev tsim qhov chaw ntxiv kom haum rau cov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov tsev khaws khoom, ntau chav nyob thiab khoom siv, chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov tsev nyob. Cov kev hloov kho ntawm cov vaj tse muaj xws li kev tso ntau lub tshuab engineering, xws li cua sov, hluav taws xob, dej phwj tuaj, qhov cua, kev ruaj ntseg thiab hluav taws kub. Thiab tag nrho cov no yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev tsim kho tau lees paub.
Type of reconstructions
Rau cov tuam txhab lag luam, muaj ob hom kev kho dua tshiab: kev hloov pauv tiag tiag thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Qhov kawg txhais tau hais tias kev hloov khoom siv, thaum tus nqi ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tsis pub ntau tshaj 10% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi. Thaum qhov kev hloov pauv tiag tiag ntawm cov qauv siv qhov chaw, tsis yog cov khoom siv xwb, tab sis kuj lub tsev nws tus kheej hloov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj ntau yam superstructures, txuas ntxiv, tsim cov tsev tshiab, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem ua tau.
Rau ntau yam khoom, qhov sib faib ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv tag nrho cov nyiaj tshuav yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb, yog li lawv tau muab faib raws li ib qho kev sib txawv me ntsis, piv txwv li, rau kev tsim kho ib nrab lossis ua tiav. Thawj koom nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm tib neeg cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv nrog kev txuas ntxiv ntawm nws cov haujlwm, thiab qhov thib ob - radical reorganization.cov tsev uas muaj peev xwm hloov tau cov qauv, cov khoom siv, cov chav nyob ib leeg, hloov nws qhov loj, thiab lwm yam.
Reconstruction plan
Nws yuav tsum suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntsig txog txhua yam kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm, suav thiab tsim cov kev hloov pauv uas yuav ua rau hauv kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm cov qauv, nrog rau ib pob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raws li qhov tsim nyog ntawm lub lub tsev rau kev ua haujlwm. Cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho yuav tsum tsuas yog kos los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj kev paub txog qhov teeb meem no.
Kev sib koom tes
Ua ntej koj pib tsim ib yam khoom, koj yuav tsum npaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj hwm nws hauv ntau lub xeev. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau nyuaj heev. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov vaj tsev monuments. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj teeb meem hauv kev pom zoo kom rov tsim dua lossis khaws cia lawv qhov zoo li qub. Kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm tsuas yog pib tau yog tias tau txais kev tso cai lawm.
Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb
Kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab cov qauv tsim muaj tib theem raws li kev nqis peev ntawm cov tsev tshiab:
- Pre-project theem. Nws suav nrog txhua yam haujlwm uas tau ua thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho tshiab. Tab sis feem ntau cov theem no tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv me me.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub hauv paus tsim kho thiabkhoom. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov kauj ruam no tsis tuaj yeem hla. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws, tsis tsuas yog lub hydrogeological tsoom fwv, av tej yam kev mob thiab nyem raug soj ntsuam, tab sis kuj lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas lub underground thiab saum toj no-av qauv nyob rau hauv tam sim no, raws li zoo raws li muaj peev xwm ntxiv load rau lawv thiab lawv cov hauj lwm ntxiv.. Kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo thiab txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj pom yuav tsum tau piav qhia kom ntxaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua qhov curvature, tawg los yog damp qhov chaw yuav tsum tau yees duab, ntsuas thiab kaw rau hauv daim ntawv. Yog tias tsim nyog, kev sim tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav yog tias tus kheej cov ntsiab lus tau qhib. Thaum kawg ntawm qhov kev xeem, ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb tau muab tso ua ke, uas suav nrog cov duab, suav thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
- Kev tsim kho dua tshiab yog ntau txoj hauv kev zoo ib yam li qhov ua tiav rau cov tsev tsim tshiab, tab sis suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua. Nws muaj tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: architectural thiab kev tsim kho, thev naus laus zis, kwv yees, daim ntawv piav qhia dav dav thiab cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho. Txoj kev tsim kho dua tshiab raug txiav txim siab thiab pom zoo yuav luag tib yam li lub tsev tshiab.
- Kev ua raws li txoj kev npaj. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav qhov kev tsim kho dua tshiab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tiav kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa. Yog tias lawv tau ua tiav ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tuam txhab uas twb muaj lawm, ces nws cov haujlwm yuav tsum tsis txhob raug txo kom tsawg, lossis tsuas yog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws cov kev tswj xyuas ua tib zoo tswj xyuas cov kab ke thiab kev coj ua ntawm txhua qhov kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm, nrog rau cov xwm txheej rau lawv kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm hauvkev cob qhia ntau lawm nrog tus neeg cog lus dav dav thiab tus tsim qauv.
Qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab cov qauv tsim los ntawm txoj kev nodal. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tuam txhab tau muab faib ua ntu, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab txhim kho cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tsim kho. Tom qab kev sib dhos ua tiav, nws raug xa mus rau qhov kev pabcuam tu.
Kev tsim kho lub peev thiab rov tsim kho
Cov haujlwm no muaj ntau yam sib xws. Kev tsim kho dua tshiab thiab peev kev tsim kho, raws li ob qho kev ua haujlwm, zoo li yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke siab tshaj plaws thiab lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev tsim kho thiab kev teeb tsa cov tuam txhab ua lawv. Qhov no siv rau ob qho tib si kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tsim nyog.
Kev tsim kho dua tshiab thiab peev kev tsim kho nrog rau kev kho dua tshiab, nthuav dav thiab kev tsim kho ntawm ntau qhov chaw, thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, nws yuav tsim nyog los nqa tawm tsis yog tsuas yog kev teeb tsa, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm hauv av uas cuam tshuam txog kev tsim kho cov khoom thauj khoom, foundations thiab utilities.
Kho thiab kho dua
Feem ntau cov ntsiab lus no sib cais tsis tau ntawm ib leeg. Reconstruction thiab kho yog ib tug complex ntawm tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv uas nws yog tsim nyog los ua ntej ib feem los yog kiag li hloov qhov loj ntawm lub tsev los yog nqa tawm nws restructuring, thiab ces tsiv mus rau sab hauv redevelopment thiab zaum kawg tiav. Kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv feem ntau ua tiav thaum cov khoom tshiab tau tsim nyob ze, nrog rau kev tso ntawm ntau yam kev sib txuas lus, lossis thaum hnav ntawm ib qho qauv, nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv lub xeev ntawm cov av hauv qab lawv.
