Ntau xyoo dhau los, tab sis cib tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrov tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim nws durability, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, nrog rau siab thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo ntawm cov phab ntsa tsis yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv no nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm cov tshuaj khib, uas yuav tsum yooj yim rau nteg rau ntawm qhov chaw, muaj cov khoom zoo adhesion, sau cov pob qij txha thiab tiv taus nag lossis daus.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj muaj zog
Nws yog qhov ua tau kom ua tiav lub zog siab ntawm cov mortar los ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov ntim ntawm cov cement, vim hais tias lub cib tsuas yog muab tso rau ntawm ib lub mortar nrog xws li cov khoom sib xyaw. Nyob ntawm cov khoom thauj thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov qauv, ntau hom kev sib txawv ntawm cov kua nplaum tuaj yeem siv tau, uas cov cement ntawm qee yam ntxiv. Qee zaum txiv qaub-cement mortar yog siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm sab hauv partitions, qhov twgbinder ntim tau txo.
Txhim kho cov yas, ntau yam tshuaj ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw. Qee zaum ntawm lawv muaj txawm tias ib qho tshuaj zawv plaub hau tsis tu ncua. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog:
- dej;
- cement;
- sand.
Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus kawg feem ntau zoo li no: 1 txog 4. Qhov no qhia tau tias ib feem tsib ntawm cov cement yuav tsum siv rau ib lub cubic meter ntawm mortar. Muab hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm 1 m3 yog kwv yees li 1300 kg, ces 260 kg ntawm cement yog siv los npaj cov khoom xyaw.
Kev siv cov cement ib masonry hauv ib square meter
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum paub seb qhov kev siv cov cement yog li cas rau 1 m2 ntawm cib tso. Qhov ntsuas no yuav nyob ntawm qhov tuab ntawm phab ntsa: qhov loj dua, cov khoom siv ntau yuav xav tau. Yog tias koj tsim cov phab ntsa uas nws thickness yog ib feem peb ntawm ib lub cib, ces 5 kg ntawm cement yuav tsum tau ib square meter ntawm masonry, qhov no yog tseeb yog hais tias lub mortar yog M-100.
Kev siv cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm cib tso rau hauv kg yuav tau hais hauv qab no. Qhov ntim ntawm cov cement yog txo mus rau 4 kg yog tias koj npaj cov tshuaj M-75. Rau M-50, koj yuav xav tau 2.5 kg ntawm cement. Cov tshuaj yuav siv rau brickwork tib yam. Yog li, rau ib lub cubic meter koj xav tau 300 kg. Qhov no yog sib npaug ntawm qhov txwv ntawm 0.25 txog 0.3m3 mortar ib 1m3 nto. Hauv qhov no, qhov sib piv ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement yuav zoo li no: 4 mus rau 1. Nws yuav tsim nyog kom ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws rigidity thiabmobility.
Kev siv cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm cib tso yuav hloov yog tias cov hauv qab no ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm sib xyaw:
- marble;
- clay;
- Ysynthetic additives;
- limestone thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw.
rau kev siv
Qhov no, qhov piv ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov cement tuaj yeem txo mus rau 9 mus rau 1. Thaum cov pob zeb kaw, ces 500 kg ntawm cov cement thiab tsis tas yuav siv li 1 m 3ntawm qhov sib tov. Cov yam ntxwv tseeb ntawm pob zeb tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev nyeem cov qauv hauv lub xeev. Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm cib tso yuav txawv yog tias cov neeg tsim ua raws lub hom phiaj kom tau txais qee qhov ceev, cov yam ntxwv viscosity thiab lub sijhawm ziab.
Tab sis thev naus laus zis tseem zoo li qub. Nws suav nrog kev sib xyaw qhuav cement thiab xuab zeb, uas maj mam ntxiv rau hauv me me. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua tiav ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke uas tsis tawg ntau thiab muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub masonry yuav kav ntev dua, lub pob zeb yuav muaj zog, thiab cov qauv yuav ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Ntau yam ntawm cov cement mortar
Tam sim no koj paub txog kev noj cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm cib tso. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog ntau yam ntawm cov cement mortar. Cov cib tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm mortar nrog limestone thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv rau nws cov khoom xyaw. Kev noj cov cement hauv qhov no yuav txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ntimcov khoom. Kev sib xyaw ntawm txiv qaub yog qis dua lwm cov mortars ntawm lub zog, yog li ntawd, cov khoom sib xyaw no yuav luag tsis siv los tsim cov qauv peev.
Cement-lime loj yog yas, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv los tso cib. Thaum nws los txog rau cement mix, cov khoom hauv qab no yog siv rau nws qhov kev npaj:
- cement;
- dej;
- sand.
Kev ntseeg tau, ua haujlwm ntev thiab lub zog yuav nyob ntawm hom thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov cement. Kev noj ntawm cov khoom no thiab cov proportions ntawm cov khoom yuav luag tsis hloov. Qhov feem ntau hloov hom. Piv txwv li, rau cov phab ntsa txhawb nqa tus kheej, nws txo qis, thaum cov phab ntsa load-bearing yuav tsum muaj qib siab dua. Yuav kom tau 1 m3 ntawm cov sib tov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov cement hauv cov nyiaj ntawm 8 lub hnab, qhov ntim ntawm txhua qhov yuav yog 50 kg.
Nws qhov piv nrog xuab zeb yog raws li hauv qab no: 1 txog 4. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, los tsim ib lub cubic meter ntawm masonry, 0.3 m 3 mortar thiab 405 cib, qhov loj. ntawm txhua qhov yuav yog 250x120x55 mm. Hauv qhov no, kev tso yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv ib lub cib.
Kev faib cov cement sib tov
Cement noj tus nqi ib 1 m2cib nteg tau hais saum toj no. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cement sib tov. Thawj pab pawg muaj xws li cement-sand mortars lossis mustards. Hauv lawv cov khoom siv, ib txoj kev qhuav yog siv, uas siv lub nruas qhov cub. Cov khoom sib xyaw no kim dua.piv rau kev yuav cov cement thiab xuab zeb, tab sis yooj yim dua vim qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov xuab zeb.
Qhov thib ob yog cov cement tov nrog rheological additives, uas muaj xws li cellulose ethers uas ua rau thawj adhesion thiab dej tuav. Lawv tig cov sib tov rau hauv masonry mortar, pobzeb nplaum los yog plaster. Cov pab pawg no kim dua, tab sis muaj peev xwm npog yuav luag tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm kev siv cov cement sib tov. Cov pab pawg thib peb yog cov kim tshaj plaws, vim tias nws suav nrog cov cement qhuav qhuav uas muaj cov khoom siv dag zog rheological uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab tsim kua muag.
Zaj lus
Kev siv cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm kev sib ntsib cib yuav nyob twj ywm ib yam li cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no. Qhov no muaj tseeb yog tias cov khoom yuav muaj qhov loj me. Raws li txoj cai, xws li tso yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib lub cib, yog li koj yuav tsis ntsib ib tug overrun ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv. Kev noj cov cement ib 1 m2 ntawm cib tso rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cib yuav tsawg dua 2 zaug.
