Laminate yog cov flooring paub zoo uas tau txais kev khuv leej neeg ntev ntev vim nws lub zog, kev ua tau zoo, ua haujlwm ntev, kev nplij siab thiab tus nqi qis. Lub pem teb ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo zoo li kim thiab nthuav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo kuj tseem nyob siab. Kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov yooj yim thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb. Ntau tus neeg siv laminate rau ntau xyoo, tsis ntseeg tias vim li cas qhov no tsuas yog nws qhov zoo xwb. Cov neeg tau npaj siv sijhawm ntau los xaiv cov khoom siv hauv pem teb, tsis txhob mloog rau kev npaj rau kev tso nws. Qhov tseeb, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab kev khaws cia ntawm qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj los ntawm 90% nyob ntawm qhov kev txhim kho zoo ntawm txheej txheej, qhov twg ib qho ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm substrate hauv qab laminate. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev xaiv raug ntawm substrate nyob ntawm seb lub hauv pem teb yuav kav ntev npaum li cas thiab siv tau.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm substrate
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub hauv paus muaj xws li kev sib tw me ntsis ntawm hauv pem teb, nqus dej noo thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv laminate yog ib tug heev capricious thiab tsis zoo tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog nias ntoo hmoov av, npog nrog cardboard rau ob sab. Thiabtsuas yog nyob rau sab pem hauv ntej cov khoom muaj ib tug ornament npog nrog ib zaj duab xis uas tiv thaiv lub txheej los ntawm noo noo thiab puas. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm noo noo nkag mus rau ntawm lub seams ntawm lub laminate panels, hauv pem teb tuaj yeem "inflate" thiab creak thaum taug kev. Los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm nws lub hom phiaj, nws yog cov ntaub ntawv tuab uas so ntawm lub hauv paus hauv pem teb thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv lub cev ntawm lub cev. Nws hloov tawm tias txhua kauj ruam yuav hnov thiab "muab" thaum taug kev. Ntxiv mus, txawm me ntsis unevenness ntawm hauv pem teb adversely cuam tshuam lub fastening ntawm lub panels, uas, thaum raug rau ib tug tsis sib xws hauv pem teb, sai sai hnav tawm thiab tso tseg rau reliable ua lawv cov dej num. Qhov tshwm sim yog creaking, chipping raws cov npoo ntawm panels, raws li hauv pem teb tsis tsim ib chav tsev, tab sis tawg mus rau hauv seem ntawm tsis zoo fastened panels.
Nws yog lub substrate nyob rau hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv lub laminate uas tiv thaiv nws deformation vim me me irregularities, tsis cia ya raws los ntawm lub hauv paus thiab ua me me shock absorbing thiab soundproofing zog, "softening" taug kev. Los ntawm qhov no nws tuaj yeem sib cav tias nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom lub neej ntev thiab xis nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, nrog rau kev khaws nws cov tsos.
Ntau yam thiab xaiv cov substrates
Muaj ntau ntau hom substrates rau laminate flooring, uas yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov hauv qab no tsis:
- hom laminate yuav nruab;
- ntawm lub hauv paus;
- yuav ca yog lub hauv paus;
- qhov ntsuas ntawm cov av thiab qhov kub hauv chav yog dab tsi.
Tam sim no cia peb saib ze dua ntawm cov substrates hauv qab laminatemuaj:
- YExpanded polypropylene.
- COV.
- nthuav dav polystyrene.
- Nyob.
- YPlastic film.
- sib xyaw substrates.
YExpanded polypropylene
Hom substrate no nthuav dav rau cov dej noo tsis zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo nyob rau theem tsis sib xws thiab qhov pib ntawm hauv pem teb. Tab sis polypropylene tsis tiv taus lub cev lub zog zoo thiab tuaj yeem sib txawv thicknesses yog tias nws cov npuas tawg vim muaj qhov loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li lub substrate yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv suab nrov.
hom kab hauv qab no yuav siv sijhawm ntev thiab xa cov kev xav zoo los ntawm kev siv. Lub cork tsis pwm los yog rot, zoo kawg nkaus absorbs lub load thiab yog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg kiag li. Tab sis qhov tsis zoo suav nrog nws tus nqi siab thiab tsis zoo noo noo tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm no cov tuam ntxhab tsis poob lawv lub taub hau thiab muab lawv cov neeg siv khoom siv roj hmab cork substrate lossis bituminous impregnation rau cov chav nrog cov av noo siab. Tab sis tseem, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tso dag nrog cov av noo, thiab cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom muab cov yeeb yaj kiab yas rau ntawm lub hauv paus ua ntej tso lub cork substrate hauv qab laminate.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cork xav tau heev ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus kiag li. Nyob rau hauv hnyav thiab tas li loads (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm rooj tog), nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj me me, lub txheej yuav swell.
Styrofoam
Cov substrate no yog cov khoom lag luam uas niaj hnub siv rau kev tsim kho thiab kho, vim nws yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev. Qhov zoo ntawm extruded polystyrene ua npuas ncauj muaj xws li durability, siab thermal rwb thaiv tsev, noo noo tsis kam thiab muaj peev xwm nqa tau yooj yim loads. Tab sis nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom lub hauv paus hauv pem teb tsawg kawg yog me ntsis, yog li nws yog siv tshwj xeeb rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tiaj. Tsis tas li qhov tsis zoo ntawm polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yog nws cov nplaim hluav taws kub. Thaum muaj hluav taws kub, qhov hluav taws kub yuav kis tau los ntawm cov khoom siv no nrog lub teeb nrawm. Thiab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm nthuav dav polystyrene yuav kav tsis ntev tshaj 7 xyoo. Nws hloov tawm tias cov khoom siv no yuav tsis haum rau kev pabcuam hauv pem teb kom ruaj khov thiab nyab xeeb.
Nws yog ntoo nias ua ke nrog ntuj resins muaj nyob rau hauv koob. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm slabs thiab yog nteg raws li tsis muaj lwm yam pab kiag li lawm thiab adhesives. Zoo kawg nkaus dhau cua thiab tsis muaj co toxins. Qhov zoo ntawm xws li substrate kuj muaj xws li zoo heev suab rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev co damping thaum taug kev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov koob muaj peev xwm khaws tau cov cua sov kom ntau li ntau tau thiab tsis txhob cia txias los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm hauv pem teb, thiab yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug sov so substrate rau laminate flooring yog dav siv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb cheeb tsam. Lub plasticity ntawm softwood kuj tau pom los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, uas tau pib siv txawm tias tsis muaj qhov tsis sib xws, qee zaum txawm tias qhov tseem ceeb.
Tab sis tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Vim lawv lub peev xwm "ua pa", cov koob zoo kawg nkaus dhau cov dej noo, uas ua rau muaj cov kab mob fungal thiab pwm. Cov xwm txheej rau lawv cov tsos yog qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav. Yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug substrate yuav tsum tau nteg tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug qhuav puag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm noo noo ntau dhau, koob yuav tsum tsis txhob siv raws li ib tug substrate, txawm tag nrho nws zoo.
Cov substrate no yog them nrog cov ntawv hlau nplaum rau ib lossis ob sab ntawm lub hauv paus. Raws li yav tas los, polypropylene lossis nthuav polystyrene tuaj yeem siv tau. Txhua txheej yog nplaum ua ke los ua haujlwm sib txawv.
Feem ntau xws li cov substrate yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws los ntawm cov screed thiab ua kom thermal rwb thaiv tsev mus txog 30%. Nrog cov ntawv ci rov qab, tsis tas yuav siv cov ntaub ntub dej ntub dej. Nws tseem yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws substrate rau laminate flooring nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm fungus thiab pwm. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws thickness rau xws li substrate yuav yog 5 hli.
YPlastic film
Txawm hais tias muaj kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cuab yeej tso, cov yeeb yaj kiab polyethylene tseem siv los ua substrate rau laminate flooring. Lawm, nws yuav tsum tau deprived ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov niaj hnub substrates tsim los ntawm technologists, tab sis polyethylene yog lub feem ntau nyiaj txiag kev xaiv rau nteg flooring. Tau kawg, txhua tus installer yuav tsumnkag siab tias thaum siv cov substrate zoo li no hauv ob peb xyoos, nws qhov yam tsawg kawg nkaus yuav ploj mus, nrog rau cov khoom ntawm laminate nws tus kheej. Tab sis yog tias lub hom phiaj tsis yog los xyuas kom lub neej yooj yim thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom siv, tab sis txhawm rau muab lub chaw ua haujlwm, ces qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau txoj haujlwm.
Thaum tso ib lub substrate, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv 0.2 hli tuab zaj duab xis ntim rau hauv yob thiab nteg tawm nrog sib tshooj ntawm 20 cm.
sib xyaw substrates
Hom laminate hauv qab no ua ke nrog polypropylene thiab nthuav polystyrene. Tab sis thaum pw hauv pem teb sov, koj yuav tsum xaiv lub substrate ntawm me me thickness, uas yuav tsis tsuas ua nws lub ntsiab functions, tab sis kuj cia cua sov los ntawm.
Tseem muaj cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib txuas ua npuas dej nrog polyethylene zaj duab xis los tiv thaiv pwm hauv chav ntub dej.
Yuav kom nqus tau cov suab nrov ntawm ko taw, polyethylene ua npuas ncauj nrog lub suab nrov txo kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem siv.
Hnub no, ntau lub tuam txhab muaj npe nrov tau muab lawv cov khoom lag luam nrog cov txheej txheem npaj ua tiav rau cov khoom siv. Qhov zoo ntawm xws li substrate feem ntau nce mus txog qib siab thiab tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem tsis tsim nyog nrog kev tso. Tab sis tus nqi ntawm cov khoom no yog siab dua li ib txwm.
Yog li, txhawm rau teb cov lus nug ntawm qhov twg hauv qab yog qhov zoo dua los yuav lub laminate, koj yuav tsum paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav tsev tshwj xeeb thiab subfloor uas yuav ua tiav.
