parquet pem teb yog cov tshuaj zoo nkauj rau sab hauv ntawm txhua chav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kev xav tau siab yog tsim rau lawv raws li kev zoo nkauj, huv thiab huv cov qauv thiab thermal thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev. Raws li txoj cai, kev siv cov khoom siv hauv pem teb no tau pom zoo tsis yog hauv cov tsev nyob, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, ua yeeb yam, tsev cia puav pheej, sanatoriums.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv?
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov plag tsev parquet yog lawv cov tsos zoo nkauj thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov txheej. Lawv kuj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub suab kis tau tus mob thiab thermal conductivity. Tab sis cov plag tsev parquet tsis yooj yim rau nruab, vim lawv yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev sib luag, smoothness thiab lub zog nto.
Txhua hom parquet muaj txheej txheej, txheej txheej thiab lub hauv paus, uas yog ntau yam ntsiab lus - los ntawm cov cav ntoo mus rau cov plag tsev ntxhib thiab prefabricated fiberboard screeds. Lub interlayer tuaj yeem ua cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg raws li kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb lossis polymer tov, nrog rau cov ntaub pua tsev, hydro- thiab suab pov thawj. Raws li rau txheej txheej, nws tuaj yeem ua ib qho thiab mosaic, hauv daim ntawv parquet boards lossis shields nrog ntau qhov sib txawv thiab cov qauv.
hauv pem teb ua haujlwm li cas?
Niaj hnub nimno parquet pem teb muaj cov qauv nyuaj, yog li lawv cov nteg xav tau kev tshaj lij thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv zoo li no. Kev txhim kho zoo pib nrog kev npaj nto. Txij li thaum lub rooj tsavxwm parquet yog ib qho zoo hauv pem teb npog, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw tsis tuaj yeem yog ntau tshaj 1 hli ib kab 'meter'. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus leveling lub hauv paus nrog ib tug screed, koj yuav tsum tau siv ib tug self-leveling sib tov. Qhov kawg theem yog muab los ntawm plywood - nws yog ib hom kev sib txuas nruab nrab ntawm parquet thiab lub hauv paus pob zeb.
Kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb parquet suav nrog kev tso cov cement-xuab zeb screed lossis ntoo "dub" hauv pem teb ntawm cov cav. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau siv screed. Nws muaj qee qhov kev xav tau:
- Ntoo qhov sib npaug. Alignment yuav tsum tau yog tias muaj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw.
- Compressive zog. Nyob ntawm lub thickness ntawm cov flooring, cov kws txawj qhia siv ib tug muaj zog screed. Nws qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness yog 40 hli.
- Tsawg av noo. Txij li ntoo yog hygroscopic, nws yuav deform raws sijhawm. Cov av noo ntawm lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub parquet yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 5%. Txhawm rau ua kom cov screed qhuav sai dua thiab zoo dua, siv cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo.
Plywood ua cov khoom siv insulating
Kev teeb tsa ntawm parquet hauv pem teb yog txheej txheem nyuaj uas nws tseem ceeb heev kom pom ntau cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob txuas nrog kev tsim cov txheej txheem nruab nrab ntawm plywood. Nws lub hom phiaj yogthem nyiaj rau "kev txav" ntawm parquet raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov av noo hauv chav. Ua ntej tso plywood, ntau tus kws tshaj lij hais tias yuav tsum npog cov screed nrog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej - qhov no yuav tiv thaiv cov ntoo hauv pem teb los ntawm kev ya raws thiab kev lwj ntxiv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov ntawv ci los yog cov primer tshwj xeeb raws li polyurethane.
Cov hauv qab yog tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm noo noo-resistant plywood mus txog 20 hli tuab - nws nyob ntawm lub thickness ntawm parquet plank. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los txiav plywood rau hauv squares:
- Yog li qhov tshwm sim ntawm plywood tearing tawm ntawm qhov chaw yuav qis dua.
- Qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov squares yuav phim qhov loj ntawm cov planks, yog li hauv pem teb thiab hauv qab yuav qhia tib qhov kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus, yog li ua kom cov kav ntev hauv pem teb.
Plywood yog glued rau hauv paus thiab ntxiv fastened nrog tus kheej-tapping screws los yog dowels. Tom qab tso, ua tiav thiab khawb ntawm cov plag tsev parquet yog nqa tawm.
Kev xaiv kua nplaum
txhawm rau kho plywood thiab parquet, cov kua nplaum zoo yuav tsum tau ua. Nws los ntawm ntau hom:
- Dispersion (dej-soluble). Cov kua nplaum no yog qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi thiab qhov zoo, qhia tau hais tias zoo adhesion, yog elastic thiab siv tau yooj yim. Thaum siv nws, tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw, cov kua nplaum dries sai. Thaum xaiv xws li ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau tus nqi ntawm cov dej - qhov ntau nws yog, qhov ntau geometry ntawm lub plank yuav hloov vim kua nplaum. Dispersion nplaum yuav tsum tsis txhob siv yog cov plag tsev (parquet board) yog ua los ntawm European ntoo hom - beech, hornbeam, cherry, cherry. Lawv suav hais tiastsis ruaj tsis khov, vim yog dej, cov planks ntawm lawv yuav warp. Tsis txhob siv cov nplaum no yog tias cov ntoo loj dhau.
- YPolyurethane. Cov nplaum no muaj ob yam khoom thiab zoo heev thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau warping thiab nteg dav planks. Xws li cov tebchaw yog kim, tab sis lawv txawv los ntawm zoo adhesion rau saum npoo thiab tsis muaj shrinkage. Lub sij hawm ziab luv luv txhais tau hais tias parquet flooring yuav tsum tau nruab kom sai li sai tau.
Screeding: pros and cons
Muaj lwm qhov kev xaiv rau nteg parquet boards - tsis siv plywood ncaj qha rau ntawm screed. Yav dhau los, txoj kev no tsis tau siv, vim tias cov nplaum tsis muaj elasticity, vim li ntawd, noo noo tuaj yeem nqus mus rau hauv parquet los ntawm screed.
Hnub no, nteg ib lub parquet hauv pem teb ncaj qha rau ntawm lub screed yog ua tau vim yog daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug waterproofing primer rau nws. Thiab twb muaj ib tug heev elastic nplaum yog siv rau nws, uas tuav lub planks nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Qee qhov xwm txheej, nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv cov hauv qab nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis-woven, uas yuav them rau kev siv zog ntawm parquet los ntawm lub hauv paus. Cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, tab sis kim heev, dhau li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm tsuas yog ua tiav nrog lub hauv paus tiaj tus thiab ruaj khov.
Tiav
Tom qab cov nplaum tau tawv thiab cov phiaj xwm tau ruaj khov (feem ntau nws yuav siv li ob lub lis piam), koj tuaj yeem pib xuab zeb parquet. Qhov no yog ua tiav nrog grinders ntawm ntau hom, maj mam txo cov nplej ntawm kev sib tsoontawv. Ua ntej xuab zeb, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tag nrho cov kab nrib pleb, recesses thiaj li yuav tau ib tug zoo nkauj parquet pem teb - zoo huv si thiab txawm li sai tau.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem npog qhov chaw nrog cov kua roj vanish lossis roj. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm tib lub tuam txhab uas tsim cov tshuaj parquet tas li. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kua roj vanish tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov nyhuv zoo nkauj rau hauv pem teb, tab sis kuj los tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab dag rau saum npoo. Feem ntau, mus txog 7 txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish yog xav tau. Parquet kuj tseem tuaj yeem npog nrog roj, uas muaj cov khoom xyaw ntuj. Lub peculiarity ntawm no tiav yog lub peev xwm los hais txog qhov zoo nkauj thiab naturalness ntawm ntoo thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm ya raws. Muaj tseeb tiag, cov roj txheej yuav tsum tau hloov kho txhua lub sijhawm.
Cov plag tsev kub: parquet board lossis parquet?
Yuav ua li cas ua lub parquet hauv pem teb yog tias koj nyiam qhov cua sov? Txog thaum tsis ntev los no, nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog qhov kev kho zoo li no, txij li kev xaiv ntawm parquet boards raug txwv. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshaj lij muab cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no uas tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob muaj cov kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm parquet planks. Tau kawg, txhua tsob ntoo cuam tshuam rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Scandinavian lub teb chaws, rhuab pem teb npog nrog parquet tau ntev tau siv.
Cov plag tsev parquet tuaj yeem ntsia tau siv "floating floor" txoj kev siv hlau staples. Lawv xav tau rau fastening cov laug cam rau ib leeg, uas yog tom qab nteg nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus tsis fastening. Xws li hauv pem teb yuav tsis raug rho tawm ntawm lub hauv paus, vim nws tsis txuas nrog nws. Staples tso cai rau koj los tswj lub ntuj nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus ntawm tsob ntoo, uas tshwm sim nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Thiab qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj yuav nteg parquet rau hauv pem teb rhuab.
Yuav ua li cas ntoo yog parquet?
Niaj hnub nimno parquet pem teb muaj qhov sib txawv, vim cov ntoo sib txawv yog siv los tsim cov khoom - mos, nruab nrab thiab tawv. Qhov siab dua qhov ntom ntawm cov ntoo, qhov muaj zog nws yuav ua tau, uas qhia txog kev hnav tsis kam. Birch thiab cherry yog softwoods, ntoo qhib, tshauv, merbau yog nruab nrab, ebony thiab jatoba yog hardwoods.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntoo, uas yog, qhov degree ntawm nws deformation thaum lub sij hawm kub hloov thiab hloov ntawm cov av noo. Cov hom ruaj khov tshaj plaws yog teak, ntoo qhib, merbau, beech. Txawm li cas los xij, tom kawg yog qhov nkag siab zoo rau cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov av noo hauv chav. Txhua hom ntoo, raws li qhov tsim ntawm parquet flooring, tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg raws li xim. Cov khoom siv hauv pem teb yuav tau txais los ntawm beech, maple, tshauv, birch, hornbeam, acacia dawb. Xws li ntoo darkens maj mam thiab zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv tsev. Pink tones paub qhov txawv ntawm pear, cherry thiab alder ntoo, xim liab tuaj yeem pom hauv merbau, jatoba, dussia thiab lwm yam ntoo tsis tshua muaj. Brown parquet yog tsim los ntawm walnut, teak, ipe-lapacho.
Yuav ua li cas parquet cais
Parquet flooring zoo nkauj thiab ci. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog ob peb lub ntsiab lus ua ntej xaiv cov khoom siv. Ua ntej, hom plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.saw txiav - nws tuaj yeem ua radial lossis tangential. Radial sawing yog suav tias yog hnav-tiv taus, txhim khu kev qha thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov kab sib txuas ntawm tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm qhov tuag. Lub tangential txiav nta nkhaus kab thiab suav hais tias tus nqi pheej yig tshaj.
Thib ob, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog cov hnav khaub ncaws - uas yog, txheej ntawm lub bar los ntawm sab pem hauv ntej mus rau sab saum toj ntawm qhov dav. Thib peb, lub thickness ntawm parquet nyob ntawm seb yuav siv sij hawm ntev npaum li cas thiab ntseeg tau hauv pem teb. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, txoj hlua khi thiab cov grooves yuav tsum nruj thiab nruj thaum tuav qhov sib txawv ntawm 1 hli.
Masive Board
Lub khw niaj hnub no muaj ntau yam kev xaiv ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb - parquet, khoom board, parquet board. Lub rooj tsavxwm loj (GOST 8242-88) yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntoo thiab muaj qhov loj me, tsis zoo li parquet. Nws tshwj xeeb feature yog lub chamfer, uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub perimeter ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Nws qhia txog txhua lub rooj tsavxwm hauv pem teb thiab hais txog nws qhov ntev. Cov khoom siv ntoo tuaj yeem muab sanded los yog ua tiav nrog lacquer, roj lossis siv quav ciab. Hauv qhov kev xaiv thib ob, parquet pem teb yuav tsis tas yuav ua tiav.
Nyob rau hauv tus qauv version, lub tshuab mounting yuav kho lub rooj tsavxwm nrog cov kua nplaum thiab tus kheej tapping screws. Thaum tso ntau yam no, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov ob peb txoj cai:
- Varnishing tsuas yog ua tau tom qab kev teeb tsa.
- Lub rooj tsavxwm tsis ua raws li cov dej-raws li lossis cov kuab tshuaj raws li cov nplaum.
- Txoj kev "floating" rau nteg lub rooj tsavxwm loj tsis haum.
- Koj kho tsis tau lub rooj tsavxwm rau screed raws li cov cement thiab xuab zeb.
Feem ntau, tso qhov yuam kev tshwm sim vim qhov tsis raug ntawm cov laug cam hauv qhov dav, siv cov nplaum tsis raug lossis tsis txaus nias ntawm cov khoom.
Parquet
Qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws yog parquet pem teb. Daim duab qhia tias muaj pes tsawg qhov kev daws teeb meem uas koj tuaj yeem siv hauv koj lub tsev. Daim parquet yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntoo nrog lub thickness ntawm 14-22 hli thiab ua raws li GOST 862.1-85. Yog hais tias qhov ntev thiab dav ntawm cov planks yog ntau, ces koj tuaj yeem nteg tawm cov qauv hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub lawj lossis herringbone. Parquet planks tuaj rau sab laug thiab sab xis, thiab yog tias muaj cov pob txha pob txha lossis cov qauv square, yuav tsum muaj cov phiaj xwm tib yam.
Parquet planks tau ruaj ntseg txuas rau ib leeg ua tsaug rau ridges thiab grooves. Yog tias yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom kos duab lossis ciam teb, ces cov ntsiab lus modular yog siv rau qhov no. Lub parquet plank yog tsau nrog cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev siv phom pneumatic. Txhua yam ntawm daim parquet yog cov khoom ua tiav uas yuav tsum tau polishing thiab kho nrog kev tiv thaiv tom qab tso.
Tso parquet yog ua nrog ntau tus neeg tshwj tseg:
- Yog hais tias lub parquet yog chamfered, nws tsis tuaj yeem varnished tom qab installation.
- Parquet tsuas yog ntsia los ntawm gluing rau hauv paus ("floating" txoj kev tsis haum).
- Parquet tsis txuas ncaj qha rau screed.
- Yog tias qhov tso tau ua tiav nrog cov nplaum nplaum lossis cov kuab tshuaj raws li cov khoom sib xyaw, xuab zeb yuav tsum tau ua tam sim.
Yog tias teeb tsa tsis raug, lub parquet hauv pem teb yuav zoo li tsawg kawgunaesthetic, thiab raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws, cov kua roj vanish txheej yuav pib tawg, tawg yuav tsim, kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub hauv paus qauv yuav ua txhaum.
Tom qab npaj lub hauv paus, koj tuaj yeem pib tso parquet:
- Txoj kev pib ntawm phab ntsa ntev: thawj lub rooj tsavxwm yog siv rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub ces kaum, ib lub npoo yog nruab nruab nrab ntawm lawv los tsim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov flooring thiab phab ntsa.
- Cov phiaj xwm tom ntej no tau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa. Khaws ib lub qhov muag ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm kev koom nrog tus nplaig thiab zawj.
- Tag nrho cov boards tom ntej yog stacked nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev.
Parquet board
Cov khoom siv hauv pem teb no ua raws GOST 862.3-86 thiab yog ntau txheej txheej. Cov txheej sab saum toj yog cov ntoo tawv ntawm cov tsiaj muaj txiaj ntsig, nruab nrab txheej yog ntoo thuv lossis spruce tuav, cov txheej hauv qab yog xav tau kom ruaj khov lub hauv paus thiab yog ua los ntawm plywood lossis softwood veneer. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tau ruaj khov ua ke nrog cov nplaum tshwj xeeb uas tsis muaj dej tsis zoo, uas ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab adhesion lub zog ntawm txhua txheej. Xws li parquet floors tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas zoo vim tias qhov chaw yog txawm, du thiab zoo nkauj.
Thaum siv ntau yam no, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua raws li cov kauj ruam ntawm kev teeb tsa. Lub parquet board tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv txoj kev "floating", thaum nws yog qhov tsim nyog los saib xyuas cov dej noo ntawm lub hauv paus thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm phab ntsa.
Txoj kev tu thiab kho
Cov hauv pem teb, uas yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo ntuj, xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, sab hauv tsev yuav tsumQhov zoo tshaj plaws kub thiab av noo yog muab: 20-24 degrees ntawm av noo ntawm 45-60%. Cov yeeb ncuab tiag tiag ntawm parquet yog plua plav thiab xuab zeb, uas ua rau kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov kua roj vanish lossis roj txheej. Koj tuaj yeem ntxuav hauv pem teb nrog cov ntaub ntub dej lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev, tab sis tsis ntxuav!
Kom tsis txhob khawb, lo cov ntaub qhwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov rooj tog zaum ob txhais ceg. Tso parquet yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv cov chav uas muaj cua sov zoo rau lub caij ntuj no, vim tias qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab av noo yuav ua rau kev puas tsuaj sai hauv pem teb.
Yuav kho lub parquet li cas? Yog tias cov teeb meem me me, piv txwv li, khawb tau tshwm sim, lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog cov cwj mem retouching lossis kho nrog putty. Cov chaw zoo li no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau xuab zeb tom qab ziab thiab varnished. Yog tias cov dej nchuav rau ntawm parquet, qhov chaw puas yuav deformed. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau rov nteg lub parquet los yog nteg ib tug tshiab.
Lwm qhov teeb meem loj nrog cov plag tsev parquet yog creaking. Nrog rau kev siv, nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog ntau dua. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los kho qhov xwm txheej:
- Xau ib lub qhov hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj chaw uas lub suab nrov nrov. Qhov no feem ntau txaus.
- Yog tias lub hauv paus hauv pem teb yog pob zeb nyuaj, koj tuaj yeem nchuav tshwj xeeb sib xyaw ntawm cov cement thiab dej rau hauv lub qhov.
- Yog tias thaj chaw creaking loj dhau, ces tib txoj hauv kev kom tshem tau cov creaking yog rov nteg cov parquet. Nws yog kim thiab siv sij hawm, tab sis ntseeg tau.
Lwm qhov teeb meem tshwm sim yogparquet ziab. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov slats qhuav tawm thiab txo qhov loj me raws li lawv siv, yog li lawv pib stagger. Xws li strips yuav tsum tau hloov, txij li cov chaw no tsis kho. Yog tias qhov no tau pom nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam me me, ces nws yooj yim dua los hloov ib tus strips nrog cov tshiab.
Raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm noo noo, parquet yog moistened, ces dries, thiab vim li ntawd, cov kab nrib pleb tshwm. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm cov txheej txheem no, koj tsuas tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov av noo hauv chav uas siv lub tshuab humidifier. Yog tias qhov sib txawv me me, nws txaus los ntxuav nws thiab tom qab ntawd putty. Yog tias qhov sib txawv loj dua 5 mm, ces lub putty yuav tsis pab. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav tsum tau muab sib sib zog nqus, ntxuav, txiav tawm ib tug insert los ntawm ib tug haum tsob ntoo thiab tsav mus rau hauv lub qhov. Tom qab ntawd qhov saum npoo yog sanded thiab varnished.
Slats tuaj yeem tawm hauv qee kis. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam: cov kua nplaum tsis zoo los yog mastic, kev ua txhaum ntawm kev teeb tsa thev naus laus zis, lossis cov av noo siab hauv chav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov teeb meem yog daws nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev nyob ntawm seb lub hauv paus. Yog tias nws yog pob zeb, ces cov qhov ntawm cov slats yog ua tib zoo ua tiav, ces primed thiab qhuav. Cov strips yog glued rov qab nrog mastic. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug ntoo puag, lub zes ntawm lub planks kuj ntxuav thiab smeared nrog kua nplaum, ces cov xoob planks yog ntxig rov qab thiab nailed.
Zoo nkauj parquet flooring yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo rau txhua sab hauv. Qhov tseem ceeb yog mus kom ze rau nws installation kom raug.
