Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum txuas txhua qhov kev sib cuag hluav taws xob yog los xyuas kom meej lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg nkaus. Nrog kev sib cuag tsis zoo, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tooj liab nce ntxiv, vim tias cov kab hluav taws xob kub dhau. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txuas cov neeg sib cuag, tab sis qhov txhim khu kev qha thiab zoo tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog kev sib txuas ntawm tooj liab hlau. Qhov kev siv tshuab no tso cai rau koj los txuas tag nrho cov hlua ntawm cov hlau, yog li ua tiav cov hluav taws xob qis tshaj plaws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cua sov ntawm cov xov hlau raug tshem tawm, yog li ntawd, theem ntawm kev nyab xeeb hluav taws tau nce ntxiv.
Txoj kev sib txuas
tooj liab yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb. Vim lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom ntawm cov khoom no (siab plasticity, tsis muaj elasticity), ua hauj lwm nrog nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Cov kev cai rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hais tias kev ua haujlwm rau kev sib txuas, kev sib txuas thiab txiav tawm cov cores ntawm cables thiab xov hlau tuaj yeemua los ntawm soldering, vuam, crimping los yog clamping (bolted, ntsia hlau, thiab lwm yam). Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus yam ntxwv, uas yuav tau tham hauv qab no.
Kev sib txuas xov tooj los ntawm kev sib tw
Kev sib tw yooj yim ntawm cov xov hlau yog txwv tsis pub los ntawm PUE, vim qhov no yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, siv sijhawm luv luv thiab hluav taws xob sib txuas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws ua haujlwm hauv tsev yeej tsis tso tseg siv txoj kev no, txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm "koob tes" tuaj yeem yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Twisting muaj ib qho tseem ceeb drawback: tooj liab kev sib txuas deform thiab tsis muaj zog nyob rau lub sij hawm, thaum kawg nws thiaj li tawg vim siab transient resistance.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txoj kev sib tw tsuas yog siv tau tshwj xeeb, yog tias nws yog qhov ceev kom rov qab siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm txoj hauv kev tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev saib xyuas qhov zoo, kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev sib txuas.
txwv tsis pub nruj:
- Txuas xaim ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv (txhuas thiab tooj liab);
- Txuas ib leeg-ntxhais tooj liab hlau nrog ib txoj hlua khi.
Txoj kev sib tw yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Tev cov xov hlau los ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov deb ntawm 6-8 cm ntawm ntug;
- Muab ib lub xaim rau ntawm lwm qhov crosswise thiab twist kom nruj li sai tau. Yog hais tias tus ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm tooj liab hlau yog ntau tshaj 1 sq. mm, txoj haujlwm no yog ua nrog cov pliers.
- Txiav tawm qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau nrog cov hlau txiav.
- Iolatetwisting nrog tshwj xeeb insulating cov ntaub ntawv (PVC los yog tshav kub ntsws raj, lub kaus mom) los yog ob peb txheej ntawm insulating daim kab xev. Lub rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau ntes cov txheej insulating ntawm cov xov hlau.
Crimping
Txoj kev no yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau los ntawm crimping lawv nrog lub tes tsho tshwj xeeb tubular lossis taub. Cov cuab yeej siv no yog siv yog qhov hla ntawm cov hlau tooj liab yog 2.5-240 square meters. mm. Lub indisputable qhov zoo ntawm crimping tshuab yog qhov ceev thiab raug ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, raws li zoo raws li lub tom ntej durability thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev sib txuas.
Rau crimping, ib qho cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv - txhua yam, hydraulic lossis hluav taws xob pliers lossis cov kws tshaj lij crimping presses. Kev xaiv ntawm lub tes tsho yog ua los ntawm kev coj mus rau hauv tus lej hla thiab tus lej ntawm cov xov hlau txuas.
Tom qab tshem cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab stripping cov cores, quartz-vaseline muab tshuaj txhuam yog siv rau lawv, lub tes tsho yog muab tso rau thiab crimped. Lub tes tsho pressed yog insulated.
Crimps thiab terminals
Kev siv ntau yam crimps thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv tau siv dav heev thaum txuas cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hloov hluav taws xob, teeb pom kev zoo, nrog rau thaum txhim kho switchboards. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj kom raug thiab nrawm txuas cov tooj liab ib leeg-ntxhais xaim, txawm li cas los xij, cov hlua khi tsis tuaj yeem raug clamped rau hauv cov ntsia hlau clamp yam tsis muaj kev sib txuas ua ntej lossis crimping nrog lub raj tubular.
KLub indisputable qhov zoo ntawm cov ntsia hlau terminals muaj xws li qhov ua tau ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm txhuas hlau nrog tooj liab xov hlau, nrog rau qhov tsis xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev tom ntej ntawm kev sib cuag.
Txawm li cas los xij, hom kev sib txuas no tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Nws xav tau kev tu ncua sij hawm, uas muaj nyob rau hauv nruj cov ntsiab lus clamping. Tooj liab yog cov khoom muag muag heev uas nyiam "kua" hauv qab load. Txawm hais tias kev sib txuas tau ua los ntawm kev siv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav-loaded nws tus kheej-clamping davhlau ya nyob twg blocks, vim qhov chaw me me ntawm cov chaw sib cuag, nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cua sov thiab tso tawm, vim tias lawv elasticity txo qis. nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm kev sib txuas.
VS-welding
Kom paub meej kev sib cuag zoo, soldering lossis vuam tooj hlau yog feem ntau siv. Qhov twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem no? Muaj tseeb vuam. Qhov tseeb yog tias soldering yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj xav txuas cov tooj liab stranded cable. Ntxiv rau, cov pob qij txha raug puas tsuaj thaum lub sijhawm vim muaj qhov thib peb, ntau xoob thiab fusible hlau - solder. Lub xub ntiag ntawm kev tiv thaiv tsis ntev los no ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov alloys sib txawv ua rau pom cov tshuaj lom neeg puas tsuaj thiab lwm yam txheej txheem tsis zoo.
Thaum cov hlau tooj liab yog welded, lub tswv yim ntawm "kev sib cuag" ploj tag nrho, txij li qhov kev sib txuas hloov mus ua monolithic los ntawm tib hom hlau. Lawm, xws li kev sib txuas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj zog, vim tias qhov cua sov yog xyaum tsis tso tawm.
Tam sim ntawd ua rawsNco ntsoov tias txoj haujlwm no yuav tsum muaj kev paub thiab kev paub dhau los. Raws li paradoxical raws li nws suab, zoo twisting yog zoo dua li cov neeg pluag soldering, nco ntsoov qhov no.
Cov txheej txheem soldering pib nrog kev ntxuav ua ntej ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab oxides. Tom qab ntawd lawv yog twisted, coated nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj - flux, thiab ces soldered. Koj tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog tooj liab xov hlau, tab sis kuj txhuas hlau, qhov tseem ceeb yog xaiv cov flux thiab solder. Kev siv cov kua qaub nquag tsis pom zoo, vim tias nws yuav nyob twj ywm ntawm cov xov hlau, vim tias qhov kev sib txuas yuav sai sai.
Ib leeg siv sijhawm ntev, tab sis yog tias ua tiav, kev sib txuas zoo li no yuav txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov. Tom qab cov xaim tau txias lawm, lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo insulated.
vuam
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws yog kev sib txuas ntawm tooj liab hlau. Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov xov hlau tsis tshaj lawv cov qauv tsis kam. Txoj kev no tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm ntau thiab suav tias yog qhov yooj yim. Nrog kev txawj thiab kev paub tsawg tsawg, vuam tooj liab nyob hauv tsev yog qhov ua tau zoo heev.
Thaum ua haujlwm vuam, txhua txoj cai hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob kub hnyiab thiab qhov muag raug mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej - cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb thiabhnab looj tes, vuam daim npog qhov ncauj los yog tsom iav.
vuam khoom
Kev sib txuas ntawm cov xov hlau los ntawm vuam yog ua los ntawm ntau hom khoom siv. Nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los siv lub tshuab inverter rau vuam tooj liab xov hlau, txij li cov khoom siv ntawm hom no yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov me me thiab qhov hnyav, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab ntau yam kev hloov kho tam sim no. Lawv qhov zoo muaj xws li lub peev xwm los xyuas kom ruaj khov ntawm hluav taws xob arc.
Yog tias muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob tau npaj tseg, tom qab ntawd kev yuav lub tshuab inverter-hom vuam yuav yog qhov tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej no yuav tsis dag "qhov hnyav tuag" yav tom ntej.
Txoj kev ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam tooj liab
Vuam ntawm tooj liab tuaj yeem ua tau nrog ob qho tib si hloov pauv thiab ncaj qha tam sim no ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 15-30 V. Nws yog qhov zoo heev yog tias lub cuab yeej muaj peev xwm kho qhov tam sim no.
Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txuas ob lub xov tooj tooj liab nrog ib ntu ntawm 1.5 square meters. mm, 70 A yog txaus. Txhawm rau vuam peb lub xov hlau nrog tib seem hla, qhov tam sim no yuav tsum tau nce mus rau 90 A. Kev sib txuas ntawm peb cov xov hlau nrog ib ntu ntawm 2.5 square meters. mm yuav tsum tau los ntawm 80 mus rau 100 A, thiab rau welding tsib zoo nyob ntawm tej - 120 A. Yog hais tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws vuam tam sim no raug xaiv, lub electrode tsis "stick", thiab lub arc hlawv heev tsis tu ncua tooj liab "xiav" (electrodes). Yog tias tsis muaj, ces nws tuaj yeem siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm cov roj teeb ntiv tes.
Technologyvuam
Qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau ntev 5-6 cm ntev yog ntxuav ntawm cov txheej txheej insulating thiab twisted, pib los ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev txiav, tawm 5-6 hli ntawm qhov kawg ntawm twist nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv untwisted. Cov lus qhia no yuav tsum tau ncaj, folded nyob rau hauv parallel thiab nias rau ib leeg. Thaum twist peb los yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov xov hlau, koj tseem yuav tsum tau tawm tsuas yog ob qho dawb kawg ntawm qhov kawg, thiab txiav tawm qhov seem ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov twist. Yog tias lub tshuab vuam tsis muaj zog txaus, xws li kev sib tw yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua los ua ib lub pob ntawm yaj. Yog tias muaj cov vuam tam sim no txaus hauv lub tshuab, kev sib tw yooj yim tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Tom ntej no, qhov twist yog clamped nrog vuam clamp. Yog tias cov cuab yeej no tsis muaj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov pliers qub qub.
Cov kev sib koom ua ke yog welded nrog carbon electrode. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm welding tooj liab xov hlau, qhov kawg sab laug untwisted yog melted kom txog thaum ib lub pob ntawm yaj yog tsim. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob sib cuag ntawm cov xov hlau, thaj tsam melting yuav tsum ncav cuag qhov twist.
Lub sijhawm vuam yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 2-3 vib nas this, txwv tsis pub cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov xov hlau yuav yaj. Tom qab qhov kev sib txuas tau txias tag lawm, nws raug cais tawm siv ob peb txheej ntawm cov kab xev hluav taws xob lossis cov kaus mom tshwj xeeb, PVC lossis cov cua sov shrink tubing.
