Dab tsi yog bitumen paub tsis yog los ntawm cov tsim, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntau tus neeg siv khoom. Cov khoom siv no tau siv ntau xyoo dhau los los npog cov khoom me me, teeb tsa cov dej noo ntawm lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev, thiab rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Tab sis cov ntshiab bitumen tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim cov vov tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, nws qiv nws tus kheej mus rau kev laus, ua nkig thiab tawv nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm oxygen thiab tshav ntuj. Yog li ntawd, cov kab nrib pleb tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab nws poob nws cov dej tsis zoo. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kev tsis txaus no, oxidized bitumen yog siv los tsim cov vov tsev.
Production Features
Kev tsim khoom ntawm bitumen yog txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas ua tiav ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov roj refineries. Cov khoom siv raw yog roj, thiab tsis yog ib qho ntau, tab sis ob peb, uas tau ua tib zoo xaiv. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tiav yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv.
Kev tsim cov oxidized bitumen yog cov txheej txheem yuam thiab ua tiav hauv cov nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb. Nws heats li feedstock.thiab oxygen hla nws. Cov khoom noj tuaj yeem yog roj roj, tar, cov khoom seem tawg, ib nrab tar, lossis sib tov ntawm no.
Cov txiaj ntsig thiab yam ntxwv
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem oxidation yuav yog qhov tau los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm, uas suav nrog:
- Hloov cov cua sov ntawm cov txheej los ntawm thawj +45 degrees mus rau qhov kawg +120 degrees.
- Los ntawm kev tso tseg tag nrho cov txheej txheem tshuaj, cov khoom vov tsev tau txais qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom nruj.
- nplaim hluav taws zoo dua li cov uas tsis yog oxidized.
- Tsis muaj pa taws lossis tsw ntxhiab thaum cua sov.
- Vim tias kev txhim kho zoo, bas alt granulate tsis tawg ntawm qhov chaw.
- Cov txheej txheem khaws nws cov tsos, tsis hlwv lossis tawg.
- Txhim kho cua tsis kam. Vim lub fact tias cov rigidity ntawm cov khoom tau nce, lub txheej yooj yim resists txawm lub zog tshaj cua.
Cov txheej txheem oxidation yuav tsis xaus rau ntawd - nws yuav txuas ntxiv tom qab kev teeb tsa lub ru tsev rau qee lub sijhawm thaum nws ua haujlwm.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm oxidized bitumen
Hmoov tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem oxidation muab cov txheej txheem tsis zoo:
- Brittleness ntawm sub-zero kub - cov khoom hardens nyob rau hauv txias, ua nruj. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau mounting. Qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov neeg tsim khoom uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm tsis yog lub caij ntuj sov xwb.
- Vim yog qhov tsis yooj yim ntawm daim ntaub, yog tias tsim nyog, nws nyuajkho thaum txias - ntawm qhov me me, piv txwv li - nws txaus los sawv ntawm lub ru tsev, nws pib tawg thiab tawg.
Kev hloov kho bitumen
hloov bitumen yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov khoom, nyob rau hauv thawj zaug sib tov uas ib tug tej yam kev hloov kho tshuaj ntxiv. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov khoom tiav rau vov tsev tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau yam huab cua. Qhov ntxiv ntawm modifiers muab dab tsi? Kev sib xyaw bitumen nrog polymer ntxiv rau hauv qhov kev faib ua kom raug muab cov khoom kawg tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm:
- Zoo adhesion.
- Muaj peev xwm ua kom haum.
- Resistant rau tam sim ntawd hloov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Ntau tus neeg siv khoom xav paub yog tias cov khoom siv polymer ntxiv puas tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. Qhov tseeb hauv qab no ua tim khawv txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov thermoplastic li cas - tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov kab mob fungal, moss thiab lwm yam kab mob lom neeg pib loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheej. Txhawm rau rhuav tshem lawv, nws yog qhov txaus los kho qhov chaw nrog txhua yam khoom, lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov tooj liab sulfate.
Sib piv cov yam ntxwv ntawm oxidized thiab hloov kho bitumen
Cov khoom ntawm oxidized bitumen thiab SBS-hloov yog qhov zoo ib yam. Qhov no yog kev ua haujlwm ntev, zoo heev tsos. Tab sis kuj muaj qhov sib txawv. Kom nkag siab tias cov ntaub ntawv twg muaj qhov zoo tshaj plawsntsuas thiab tsim nyog rau ib yam khoom, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los sib piv lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab xav txog qhov sib txawv.
| Kev piav qhia ntawm nta | Oxidized bitumen | Modified bitumen |
| Kub ntau yam ntawm qhov ua haujlwm tau ua tau. | -55°C to +120°C. | Txij li -25 ° txog +120 ° C. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, txheej txheej pib tawg thiab tawg. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov nruj thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ru tsev. |
| Adhesion. | High adhesion. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov khoom siv tau zoo heev cua tsis kam - txawm nyob rau hauv cov cua muaj zog nws tsis tawg tawm lub ru tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov granulate adheres zoo kawg nkaus rau nws nto. | Tsawg adhesion, uas tuaj yeem ua rau granulate rau crumble. |
| Quality. | Cov khoom siv kawg yog cov khoom zoo, ywj siab ntawm cov khoom siv zoo. |
Qhov zoo ntawm lub ru tsev tiav yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw. Yog tias nws tsis muaj qhov zoo, cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum siv ntau yam kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv kom ua tiav qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. |
| Y Flexibility, elasticity | Tus nqi siab | siab, tab sis tsuas yog ntawm qhov kub zoo xwb. |
| Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tsim | Tsis muaj | Siv kom ntev lub neej ntawm lub ru tsev. |
| Green | Tsis muaj tshuaj lom lossis tshuaj lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws raug suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig. | Tej tso tawm cov tshuaj phem, txawm tias me me. |
Lus xaus: txawm hais tias qhov hloov kho bitumen yog pheej yig dua, raws li ntau yam ntsuas nws yog me ntsis qis dua rau cov oxidized counterpart.
Mounting Features
Raws li lawv hais txog cov vuas hloov pauv, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tsim kev paub dhau los, yog tias qhov kev tso ntawm txhua hom txheej tau ua tiav lawm, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm lub ru tsev. Tab sis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb nuance. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv thiab nruab ib txheej los ntawm ob qho khoom siv, suav nrog lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom. Yog li, nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov nws yog qhov yooj yim dua los ua haujlwm nrog hloov kho bitumen - nws muaj kev tiv thaiv kub ntau dua thiab tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog tias oxidized analogue siv rau kev teeb tsa, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua haujlwm nrog nws thaum lub caij ntuj no. Nws tseem hloov tau txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias heev.
Zoo: koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog txhua yam khoom siv, yog tias kev ua haujlwm tau ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus pom zoo thiab ua raws li tag nrho lawv cov lus qhia, lub ru tsev tuaj yeem siv tau ntau xyoo, khaws nws cov yam ntxwv.
Thiab qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tswv tsev uas muaj cov khoom siv li cas hais txog cov vuas hloov tau? Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas lawv txhua tus hais yog qhov zoo nkauj siab.kev pab them nqi thiab kev ntseeg siab. Tom qab ob peb xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm, qhov chaw tseem nyob ruaj khov thiab ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm.
Hom hloov kho bitumen
Nyob ntawm hom kev hloov kho ntxiv, muaj ob hom kev hloov kho bitumen:
- SBS (rubber bitumen). Yuav kom tau txais nws, roj hmab yog ntxiv rau bituminous loj. Vim li no, cov huab hwm coj hloov nws cov qauv ntawm qib molecular. Bituminous ru tsev ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev yooj yim dua thiab lub zog ntawm sub-zero kub, thiab tseem tau txais lub peev xwm rov ua dua txhua qhov chaw khoov thiab txawm tias tom qab tseem ceeb ncab, rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub.
- APP. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw uas cov polymer (atactic polypropylene) ntxiv. Vim li no, cov ntaub tiav lawm hloov nws cov plasticity nrog kub hloov (qhov siab dua qhov kub, siab dua cov plasticity thiab vice versa). Cov polymer ntxiv muaj tus nqi qis. Yog li ntawd, lub ru tsev bituminous tau nrog nws cov nqi siv tsawg dua nrog SBS additives.
Qhov zoo thiab nta ntawm cov txheej txheem hloov kho
SBS hloov khoom siv:
- Nws muaj cov coefficient siab ntawm elongation - lub canvas tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov ntev dua li qhov qub 20 zaug, thiab tib lub sijhawm nws yuav tsis tawg, tab sis nyob twj ywm. Rau oxidized bitumen, daim duab no qis dua.
- Thaum kub qis dua xoom, daim ntaub khaws ciaelasticity thiab elasticity.
- Thaum folded, canvas tsis tawg, txawm tias qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv qis dua xoom.
APP hloov khoom siv:
- Hloov cov yas nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov siab dua tus pas ntsuas kub, qhov ceev ntawm plasticity txhim kho, thiab vice versa - nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias, qhov yooj yim ntawm txheej yuav txo qis.
- Tus nqi them raws li AMS hloov kho tau tus nqi qis dua SBS tus neeg sib tw.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev hloov lub ru tsev
APM txheej tsis yog siv rau hauv thaj chaw uas lub caij ntuj no kub poob qis dua -25 degrees. Nws pib tawg thiab crumble. Thaum siv cov txheej txheem rau lub ru tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo ua haujlwm nrog nws. Cov khoom siv yog inelastic kiag li, thiab yog tias ncab, nws tsis rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub.
Vim muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev bituminous ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, txhua tus neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev xaiv ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog thiab nrog cov yam ntxwv uas haum rau nws.
