Hnub no, cov tsev uas muaj ntau lub ru tsev tau dhau los ua ntau yam. Xws li cov tsev yog txawv los ntawm ib tug heev thawj tsim. Tab sis tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus yuav lees paub los tsim cov qauv ntau-gable, vim tsuas yog cov tuam txhab tsim kho tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua tau. Tus nqi ntawm cov kev pabcuam zoo li no yog qhov siab heev, yog li tsis yog txhua tus tswv muaj peev xwm tsim tau cov qauv zoo li no. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig tau tshaj txhua qhov kev cia siab. Wb saib dab tsi ntawm lub ru tsev yog dab tsi thiab nws txawv ntawm lwm tus li cas?
Ntse
Lub ru tsev muaj ntau lub gable yog ib qho qauv uas muaj ntau yam qauv (slopes, gables, tav, hav, thiab lwm yam).
hom vov tsev no tsuas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim vaj tsev nrog cov duab polygonal complex, atypical layout, nrog ntau chav thiab qhov chaw muaj ntxivtxuas ntxiv mus rau lub tsev.
Kev tsim lub ru tsev ntau lub tsev yog ib qho lag luam kim heev, vim xav tau ntau cov khoom siv vov tsev, thiab nws cov khib nyiab ntau tom qab ua haujlwm. Nws tseem pom zoo kom koj saib xyuas qhov cua zoo ntawm qhov chaw qab nthab thiab ua tiav kev sib cais los ntawm cov chav rhuab.
Ib txheej txheej txheej txheej yog tsim los ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm ntau qhov chaw thiab tsim cov kaum sab hauv - hav, nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nag lossis daus ntws.
Ib qho tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev tsim no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm nws txoj kev tsim kho thiab kev siv nyiaj ntau ntawm lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog. Hom lub ru tsev no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse.
Lub ru tsev ntau lub tsev tuaj yeem yooj yim nrog ob txoj kab nqes lossis ntau txoj kab nqes nrog ob peb nqes.
Hnub no, cov qauv ib nrab-hip thiab ob-theem txheej yog suav tias nrov heev.
txiaj ntsig
Ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm ntau lub ru tsev yog:
- Tshwj xeeb thiab ntxim nyiam heev. Tus qauv tsim tuaj yeem sib txawv kiag li, nyob ntawm qhov tsis muaj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev.
- Lub zog thiab kev ntseeg siab. Hom lub ru tsev no tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav ntawm nws qhov chaw yam tsis hloov nws qhov qub tsos.
- Lub durability ntawm cov qauv, kev pab cuam lub neej uas yog unlimited. Muaj tseeb, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov khoom siv thiab tsim ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no.
- Practical. Ua tsaug rauqhov chaw nyob ntawm txoj kab nqes loj, nag lossis daus tsis ntim rau ntawm lub ru tsev.
- Kev ua haujlwm. Qhov chaw hauv qab lub ru tsev tuaj yeem siv tau raws li koj xav tau.
Flaws
Ntxiv rau ntau qhov zoo, lub ru tsev ntau lub gable kuj muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov.
- Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv zoo li no, cuam tshuam nrog lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus (taws, qhov chaw, tav, thiab lwm yam). Cov hauj lwm zoo li no yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia ua haujlwm. Yog tias koj tab tom tsim ntau lub ru tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, txhawm rau zam kev ua yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, koj yuav tsum tau txais cov lus qhia los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv daim teb no uas yuav pab koj tsim lub ru tsev project, qhia koj yuav ua li cas coj mus rau hauv tus account lub load. ru tsev cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub truss system, thiab lwm yam.
- Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev pov tseg thiab cov khoom tiav, uas, vim qhov tseeb tias lub ru tsev ntau lub gable muaj qee tus lej ntawm txoj kab nqes, tav, khoov, thiab lwm yam, yuav siv tsis raug.
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev teeb tsa kev tsim kho
1. Qhov project ntawm txhua lub tsev tuaj yeem ua tau siv cov khoos phis tawj niaj hnub. Nws tsis yooj yim, qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog:
- Parameters ntawm lub tsev tab tom tsim;
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kabmob;
- ru tsev loads thiab cov khoom siv twg yuav siv;
- qhov tob ntawm lub hauv paus.
2. Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi lub ru tsev muaj thiab nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb.rafter system.
3. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau faib cov load ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov rafters rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev, vim nws yog cov uas lav qhov ruaj khov ntawm lub ru tsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias qhov me me ntawm qhov deb ntawm cov rafters thiab kab teeb, lub ru tsev muaj zog dua.
Khoom siv hauv tsev
Vim tias lub ru tsev ntau lub gable ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm cov qauv, cov kws tshaj lij qhia cov tsev tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha:
- plhaub pob zeb;
- brick;
- aerated qhob;
- ua npuas ncauj.
Qee zaum ntoo kuj tseem siv: cov ntoo sib npaug lossis profiled. Cov tsev nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub ru tsev, yuav tsum muaj qhov loj me thiab ntau cov qauv thauj khoom.
Txhim kho lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm lub tsev, ntau txoj haujlwm tau ua los ntxiv dag zog rau nws. Piv txwv li, lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev yog thawj zaug ntxiv dag zog. Cov kwj deg yog dug raws thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv paus tiav lawm, pob zeb yog poured siv qhov cuab lub zog. Load-bearing phab ntsa yog ntxiv nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws los yog tshwj xeeb prefabricated hlau qauv uas tuaj yeem ua tau sai thiab yooj yim mounted rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm lub tsev.
Multi-gable roof construction
Rau kev tsim kom raug ntawm cov qauv ru tsev, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo kawm nws cov qauv. Lub tsev muaj xws li:
- nqeeb;
- rafters;
- Mauerlat;
- battens;
- oblique thiab kab rov tavtav;
- endov;
- skate;
- groove;
- drain;
- overhang.
Multi-gable ru: rafter system
Txij li thaum tsim lub ru tsev no nyuaj heev, tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau nws daim duab. Rau qhov no koj xav tau:
- ntsuas txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg;
- xaiv txoj kab nqes rau lub ru tsev;
- txiav txim siab hom rafter system;
- xam rafters;
- kos qhov chaw ntawm hav, skates, tav, ntsug ncej, puffs, khiav, nres thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm lub kaw lus truss.
Lub hauv paus ntawm ntau lub ru tsev truss yog Mauerlat. Rau nws cov kev tsim kho, cov tuav yog siv, qhov loj ntawm 15x15 cm los yog 10x15 cm. Qhov ntev yog kwv yees li 1.5 m. Nws yog nteg on top ntawm lub pob zeb los yog cib phab ntsa thiab zoo li ib tug kev cob cog rua thav duab. Lub mauerlat txuas mus rau sab nrauv phab ntsa nrog galvanized hlau studs ntsia hauv armored siv. Rafters (inclined los yog dai) yog ua los ntawm cov laug cam, seem uas yog 5x15 m. Ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj, inclined thiab diagonal rafter ob txhais ceg yog mounted. Txij li thaum lub ntsiab thauj khoom yuav raug coj ncaj qha mus rau kab pheeb ces kaum rafters, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog nrog cov laug cam ntawm tib qhov loj. Los ntawm saum toj no, cov rafters yog interconnected los ntawm ib tug ridge, uas koj muaj peev xwm yuav npaj txhij los yog ua rau koj tus kheej los ntawm boards los yog ntoo. Nyob rau ntawm lub rafters twb ntsia los ntawm cov laug cam, lub crate yog mounted. Txhawm rau kom muaj zog thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov qauv ntawm tes, cov battens yog ua tsis ntau tshaj 50x50 cm.
Txhob ua lub ru tsev ntau daim thaiv
Tom qaberection ntawm tus ncej txuas mus rau kev sib cais ntawm cov qauv. Rau cov laj thawj no, siv cov yeeb yaj kiab polyethylene yooj yim, uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov plag tsev nrog kev hu rau Mauerlat.
Nyob ntawm hom ru tsev tiav xaiv, lub hauv paus yog tsim. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv slate tuaj yeem muab tso ncaj qha rau ntawm lub crate. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub ru tsev mos, koj yuav xav tau cov ntawv ntawm OSB lossis plywood. Lawv txuas nrog lub ru tsev ncej, cov khoom yog nteg tawm rau saum. Rwb thaiv tsev thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov qauv hauv qhov no yog ua los ntawm sab hauv.
Ntau tus neeg muab lawv nyiam rau cov vuas hlau. Tab sis vim qhov qis qis ntawm lub suab rwb thaiv tsev, thermal conductivity thiab lwm yam tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no, cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo yuav tsum tau ua.
