Chav dej hauv chav tsev (lossis tsev) yog chav tsev uas muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm. Condensate uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, txaws, ua txhaum dej ntws - tag nrho cov xwm txheej no tas li thiab sim ntsuas lub zog ntawm phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb cladding, nkag mus rau hauv kev siv tshuab seams.
Dej, tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov qauv hauv qab cov vuas, nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm kev sib txuas thiab kev tso dej ntawm cov kav dej, tsim kom muaj kev nplij siab tshaj plaws rau kev nyob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntev rau cov "cov neeg xauj tsev" yog cov phab ntsa puas thiab qab nthab ntawm chav tsev nws tus kheej, lom nrog cov tswv tsev co toxins. Txhawm rau zam tag nrho cov kev txaus ntshai no, yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis txaus ntawm chav dej hauv qab cov vuas. Qhov zoo tshaj plawshaum rau cov hom phiaj no? Nov yog qee yam xav txog.
Ntau cov ntsiab lus thov
Dej muaj lub zog puas tsuaj. Thiab, tej zaum, tsuav yog tib neeg muaj nyob, nws yog ntau yam tawm tsam cov dej. Txog niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam khoom siv waterproofing. Cov hom uas xav tau los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau yog raws li hauv qab no:
- daim phiaj, vaj huam sib luag rau kev tsim cov dej-tiv thaiv txheej;
- cov ntaub ntawv hloov tau yooj yim uas tuaj yeem welded lossis glued;
- tha xim cov ntaub ntawv thiab pasty sib tov rau txheej (cov phab ntsa thiab hauv pem teb hauv chav dej kho nyob rau hauv txoj kev no yog npog nrog ib txheej ntawm waterproofing txog li 1.5 cm tuab);
- cov tshuaj txau ua npuas dej-cement lossis ua npuas dej thaiv dej;
- tshwj xeeb waterproofing plaster, thiab tib lub sij hawm leveling ntsug nto;
- cov ntaub ntawv saturated nrog hydrophobic Cheebtsam thiab txhawb fiber ntau;
- impregnations thiab txhaj tshuaj uas tuaj yeem hloov cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev (qhov tshwm sim - nce noo noo-pov thawj cov khoom thiab lub zog).
Txoj Cai Xaiv
Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav tsev uas yuav ua haujlwm, xaiv hom ib, thiab nyiam dua ob cov ntaub ntawv uas ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus hauv tandem. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj heev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij) los txiav txim siab txog cov kev xaiv uas zoo tshaj plaws los daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov dej tsis huv hauv chav dej. Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov cov hauv qab no:
- kev tiv thaiv dej noo ntawm cov chaw huv huv hauv tsev tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo ib yam,raws li lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev;
- nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab tias yog lub chav da dej yog waterproof nrog koj tus kheej tes, lub tshuab yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav nyuaj heev;
- tus nqi ntawm qhov teeb meem kuj tseem ceeb, vim tias cov khoom siv tau zoo heev, kim heev.
Muab piv rau tag nrho cov xwm txheej no, raws li txoj cai, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias txheej txheej thiab muab tshuaj txhuam yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tso dej hauv chav dej thiab chav dej. Txhawm rau ua cov haujlwm no niaj hnub no, ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov khoom tiav raug tsim tawm, sib txawv ntawm ib leeg, tus nqi thiab thev naus laus zis.
Definition of work scope
Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv dej noo hauv cov chaw huv. Lawv tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li cov ntaub ntawv paub thiab muaj nyob rau niaj hnub no, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov chav dej yog waterproofed nyob rau hauv cov vuas. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua, xaiv dab tsi?
Nws muaj peb yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab txog thaj chaw ua haujlwm thiab thaj chaw ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Hauv chav dej, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm dej:
- tsuas yog ib qho kab rov tav (pem teb), yam tsis muaj kev sib tsoo me me (≈ 10 cm) raws phab ntsa;
- pem teb thiab thaj chaw nyob ib puag ncig cov chaw huv (da dej, da dej, ntxhua khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam);
- pem teb thiab phab ntsa tag, nrog rau kev ua cov partitions raws tag nrho qhov siab.
Qhov yuav tsum tau muab qhov nyiam rau ib hom kev tiv thaiv dej ua ntej muaj feem cuam tshuam rau nws yuav tsim li casdej tiv thaiv barrier. Cov khoom siv tib yam tuaj yeem siv rau saum npoo kab rov tav thiab ntsug hauv txoj kev sib txawv kiag li.
Kev tiv thaiv dej los ntawm txheej
hom kev tiv thaiv dej tsis zoo no yog ib txheej los yog ntau txheej txheej nrog lub thickness ntawm 1 hli mus rau ob peb centimeters, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev siv cov yas muaj pes tsawg leeg rau qhov chaw tiv thaiv los ntawm ya raws.
Yog tias chav dej tsis muaj dej los ntawm txheej, cov khoom siv hauv qab no yog siv:
- Cov khoom pleev xim uas tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv nyias ntawm qhov chaw: bitumen diluted mus rau lub xeev ua kua, mastic ntawm tib hom, dej-repellent compounds rau kev ua ntoo thiab hlau lug (varnishes, xim). Ntawm qhov chaw ntsug, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog siv ob txheej nrog txhuam los yog cov menyuam. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tsuas yog nchuav rau hauv pem teb thiab sib npaug sib npaug siv lub squeegee.
- Bituminous mastics, pasty compositions raws li oxidized bitumen nrog ntxiv ntawm kev hloov kho additives uas txo toxicity thiab nce elasticity thiab lub zog yam ntxwv.
Cov dej tsis muaj dej, uas tsim kom muaj qhov sib txuas tsis tu ncua ntawm thaj chaw kho mob, yuav tsum nyiam yog tias yuav tsum tau khawb hauv chav dej.
Cov ntsiab cai yooj yim ntawm txheej
Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv khib nyiab thiab ntxuav qhov qub, yav tas los siv cov txheej txheem, cov kua roj vanish, xim thiab roj, kho txhua qhov kev puas tsuaj uas twb muaj lawm. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum embroider yam tsawg kawg 2 cm tag nrho cov pob qij txhaslabs, panels, interface kab ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab. Qhov ntev ntev strobes yog degreased, thiab nws tus kheej-adhesive waterproofing qaum yog nteg nyob rau hauv lawv (lub floating pem teb nyob rau hauv lub chav da dej kuj ua tiav). Ntxiv mus, raws li cov lus qhia, ib tug tshwj xeeb sealing daim kab xev yog glued nyob rau hauv lub qaum. Cov theem tom ntej yog txheej txheej tiag tiag ntawm qhov chaw npaj rau kev ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem xaus nrog plastering rau lub hom phiaj ntawm leveling thiab pouring lub screed.
Nws raug tso cai los hloov cov hlua khi nrog cov khoom siv silicone ntim rau hauv cov raj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau cov strobe nrog silicone yuav tsum tau mus tas li, qhov tshwm sim ntau dhau yog txiav tawm nrog spatula.
YWaterproof by papering
Adhesive waterproofing tuaj yeem hu ua cov txheej txheem dej tsis muaj dej, sib sau los ntawm ob peb txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb (zaj duab xis, nplooj ntawv, yob) siv cov nplaum tshwj xeeb. Kev tso cov khoom siv dej tsis sib haum nrog kev sib tshooj yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau kom tau txais cov dej tsis zoo ntawm chav dej hauv qab cov vuas.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua los ua qhov gluing yam? Feem ntau lawv siv txoj kev qub qub ntawm cov cua sov ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ua cov nplaum nrog cov roj hlawv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb heev.
Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, kev lag luam niaj hnub yog saturated nrog ntau hom nplaum. Muaj qee qhov uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau cua sov ua ntej siv. Ib qho tshiab tshaj plaws yog Unigex-2 polyurethane mastic. Tag nrho cov tshuab ua noj ua haus muaj nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ob yam thiab -kua nplaum yog npaj siv. Siv lub spatula, nws yog siv rau ntawm ntug ntawm daim ntawv, thiab daim ntawv tom ntej ntawm txheej yog overlapped. Cov nplaum no kuj muaj cov khoom ntawm sealant.
Pros and cons of pasting
Ua ntej koj ua dej tsis huv hauv chav dej los ntawm gluing, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Ntawm chav kawm, sab txaus nyiam yog tus nqi siv nyiaj. Ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov tseeb tias koj yuav tsum ua ntej ntsuas, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav cov khoom.
Ntxiv mus, qhov chaw tiv thaiv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv qhov siab - 2 hli rau 2 meters ntawm qhov ntev yog tso cai. Rau qhov kev xaiv tsim, yuav tsum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav nyuaj heev, vim tias feem ntau cov chav dej nyob hauv thaj chaw me me. Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov saum toj no, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev tso ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ces kaum yog cov txheej txheem nyuaj heev. Yog tias tsis muaj kev txawj ntse, cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua kom sov nrog lub teeb lossis tawg thaum tsim ib lub ces kaum.
Tsev ua haujlwm
Yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej ua kom tsis muaj dej hauv chav dej hauv qab cov vuas? Qhov twg zoo dua - ua txhua yam koj tus kheej lossis caw tus tswv? Lawm, yog tias koj muaj kev txawj ntse, nws yuav pheej yig dua los ua txhua yam ntawm koj tus kheej.
Pre-surfaces yog leveled thiab screed thiab plaster yog qhuav kiag li. Tom ntej no, tshem tawm tag nrho cov khib nyiab (plua plav, motes, thiab lwm yam) thiab npog qhov chaw ob zaug nrog av. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov pob qij txha yog waterproofed thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, mastic los yog polymer kua nplaum yog siv. Txiav cov ntaub ntawv raws li kev ntsuas ua ntej thiab cia lawv muaj hnub nyoog tsawg kawg ib hnub.
Tom ntej no, koj tuaj yeem pib txheej txheem gluing. Thawj daim ntawv yog glued raws li nws yooj yim rau tus tswv. Los ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj lwm yuav pib, nws tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov npoo ntawm txhua daim ntawv txuas ntxiv yog coated nrog cov kua nplaum thiab sib tshooj (tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 cm) ntawm daim ntawv dhau los. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm thawj txheej, ob sab yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov cheeb tsam ntawm chav dej, da dej, dab dej, thiab lwm yam. Waterproofing ntawm phab ntsa yog glued los ntawm lub hauv qab. Cov strips ntawm ob txheej ntawm waterproofing yog glued hla lub dhau los.
Kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev ntoo
Kev tiv thaiv chav dej hauv lub tsev ntoo muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb. Ntoo tsis yog tus phooj ywg nrog dej, thiab yog tias tsis muaj dej tsis tu ncua, cov pwm yuav tshwm sim sai sai hauv chav dej, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntoo sab hauv yuav deform thiab sai sai siv tsis tau.
Txij li cov plag tsev ntawm lub tsev yog ua los ntawm ntoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau lawv cov kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ya raws. Koj kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev ceev faj ntawm lub qab nthab, uas, condensing, sov vapor settles nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov dej tee.
Rau cov dej tsis zoo hauv cov tsev ntoo, tshwj xeeb dej-repellent varnish txheej feem ntau yog siv, uas zoo tiv thaiv ntoo los ntawm deformation.
Raws li kev nqis peev, nws yeej muaj txiaj ntsig ntau duamuas thiab siv txheej txheej waterproofing cov ntaub ntawv rau kev kho, tus nqi ntawm uas yog npaum li cas qis dua rau gluing. Piv txwv li, ib pob ntawm 15 kg ntawm bituminous insulating mastic yuav raug nqi 240-250 rubles. Yog hais tias peb dais nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias rau lub installation ntawm waterproofing txheej nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 2 hli, 3.2 kg ntawm cov khoom ib square meter yuav tsum tau. nto, nws yuav paub meej tias txoj kev no yog heev, heev yig. Thiab yog tias koj tseem xav txog tias kev ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm nws tus kheej, hmoov zoo, tsis tas yuav muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem caw tus kws tshaj lij (thiab tsis them nyiaj ntxiv), tom qab ntawd los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag, txoj kev no ntawm waterproofing zoo li ntxim nyiam.
Koj tuaj yeem yuav mastic nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo dua qub, uas suav nrog cov khoom siv ntawm TechnoNIKOL tuam txhab. Ib pob ntawm 20 kg yuav raug nqi rau cov neeg siv khoom 1200 - 1300 rubles. Tus nqi zoo li no tseem yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem nyiaj txiag hauv txhua tsev neeg, thiab chav dej yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab los ntawm kev xau thiab dej nyab.
Puas muaj lwm txoj?
Cov chav da dej classic pem teb yog ib yam ntawm yav dhau los. Niaj hnub no, cov txheej txheem niaj hnub xws li tus kheej-leveling lossis 3D flooring, anti-slip coatings "Stone Carpet" yog nyob rau hauv kev thov nce.
Tag nrho cov plag tsev no yog cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo hauv lawv tus kheej, cov khoom (dej-repellent) uas yog muab los ntawm lawv cov qauv monolithic thiab lub zog. Txawm li cas los xij, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem no yuav xav tau kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag loj heev. Yog muajmuaj, txhua yam yog qhov zoo - koj tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv siv niaj hnub hauv chav dej. Txwv tsis pub, cov pobzeb qub zoo rau hauv pem teb thiab phab ntsa yuav tsim kom muaj cua sov thiab kev nplij siab.
