Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia los pab koj hauv qhov teeb meem no. Raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv, cov teeb pom kev zoo tuaj hauv cov hom hauv qab no:
- classic incandescent qij;
- cov khoom siv luminescent;
- cov khoom siv halogen;
- LED qhov muag teev.
Tag nrho cov teeb pom kev zoo no muaj lawv tus kheej tshwj xeeb. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws tus kheej theem ntawm efficiency. Ua ntej xaiv lub teeb rau lub tsev, chav tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug txog seb koj xav tau lub teeb nyob hauv chav tsev ntau npaum li cas thiab lub teeb yuav qhib thiab tawm ntau npaum li cas. Xav paub ntxiv txog qhov no tom qab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog txhua yam teeb pom kev zoo, lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Nws yog lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis lub raj mis roj tshwj xeeb nrog cov filament (feem ntau tungsten) sab hauv thiab nroghlau plinth. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov cuab yeej yooj yim no yog tias txawm tias muaj lub ntsej muag ntev, nws tsis ua rau lub qhov muag. Lub teeb ntawm hom no emits lub teeb zoo nkauj ntawm qhov sov sov ntawm cov tones, tsis ntshai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab condensation. Cov cuab yeej tsis flicker teeb meem rau lub qhov muag. Lub teeb incandescent yog nyob rau hauv kev thov vim yog tus nqi qis. Ib qho teeb meem loj ntawm Edison teeb pom kev zoo, hmoov tsis, yog tias nws tsis siv hluav taws xob ntau. Lub teeb kub heev, thiab ib feem loj ntawm lub zog tso tawm tsis yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub teeb, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tshav kub. Tsis raug xaiv mains voltage kuj adversely cuam tshuam rau lub lag luam ntawm cov khoom no. Lub teeb incandescent tsis zam qhov hluav taws xob poob. Tag nrho cov no ua rau txo cov qib efficiency ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo no.
fluorescent teeb
Lub teeb no yog qhov hluav taws xob tso pa tawm. Cov cuab yeej muaj, yog tias yooj yim, ntawm lub iav raj kaw ntawm qhov kawg, ntim nrog mercury vapor. Cov theem ntawm lub teeb tso zis ntawm lub cuab yeej yog ntau dua li cov classic incandescent teeb. Kauv-zoo li lub teeb txuag hluav taws xob tam sim no nrov.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb qhov muag zoo rau lub tsev? Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog qis qis modules tuaj yeem siv ntawm no. Qhov zoo ntawm cov teeb fluorescent muaj xws li:
- qib kev ua haujlwm siab;
- ntau yam ci ntsa iab los ntawm qhov sov tshaj plaws mus rau qhov txias tshaj plaws;
- ib qho me me ntawm lub zog noj;
- kev pabcuam lub neej txog li 5 xyoos nrogtsim nyog hloov hom (tsis pub ntau tshaj 5 zaug ib hnub twg).
Qhov tsis zoo yog lub suab nrov ntawm lub teeb thiab lub suab nrov ntawm lub teeb uas ua rau muaj teeb meem rau lub qhov muag. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm mercury nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej ntawm cov cuab yeej nyuaj rau lawv pov tseg. Rau cov neeg siv Wi-Fi, nws yuav tsis yog superfluous kom paub tias cov khoom siv fluorescent suav nrog txo cov teeb liab hla. Lwm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm hom no yog qee qhov ntawm cov teeb no tsuas yog ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pib. Vim li no, lub zog tau noj 10-15% ntau dua li qhia hauv qhov ntsuas.
Halogen noob
Qhov tseeb, halogen yog lub teeb pom kev zoo niaj hnub nrog lub tog raj kheej ntim nrog cov pa roj tshwj xeeb (iodine lossis bromine). Qhov no nce qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov filament thiab ua rau lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej. Cov ntaub ntawv tawg, mus txog 100% xim rendering theem, elevate halogens mus rau theem siab ntawm kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom teeb pom kev zoo.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb ci rau koj lub tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm? Halogen teeb, vim lawv qhov me me thiab ci ci, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov teeb rooj teeb thiab cov khoom siv. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv halogen yog lawv qhov rhiab heev rau nquag tig thiab tawm ntawm lub teeb. Qhov no txo qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov cuab yeej no.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.
Hom teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov teeb hluav taws xob, tej zaum, yog cov teeb ci teeb pom kev zoo (LED). Cov cuab yeej muaj ib lossis ntau dua LEDs uas tsimpuv thiab nplua nuj lub teeb. Cov teeb zoo li no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv zoo thiab tsis muaj teeb meem. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm LED teeb ntau tshaj 90%. Cov teeb me me muaj peev xwm emit ib lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov muag teeb rau lub teeb lossis rooj teeb rau lub chaw ua haujlwm? Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov khoom siv LED hauv cov luminaires kaw. Rau lub tsev, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lub teeb nrog lub teeb daj daj. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas yog thuam rau cov khoom siv LED yog tus nqi pib siab ntawm cov teeb no. Tab sis nws them tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov tsis zoo me me ntawm LED teeb yog lub kaum sab xis tsis txaus.
LED qhov muag teev ua nrog Filament technology
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb pom kev zoo nrog lub siab dispersion lub kaum ntse ntse thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg? Filament LED teeb ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau zoo kawg nkaus ua tsaug rau LED filament embedded nyob rau hauv ib lub raj kheej kheej. Rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv LEDs nrog qhov nruab nrab ci kub (sib haum rau lub teeb ntawm lub hli thiab nruab hnub) nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 3200-5400 degrees Kelvin. Nws tau pom tias lub teeb zoo li no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov ci ntawm 12 V LED qhov muag teev siv lub dimmer nrog cov chaw taws teeb tswj.
Nyob ntawm plinths
Ntxiv rau, tsis hais hom twg, lub teeb muaj peev xwm muaj ntau hom hauv paus:
- ntse (E);
- pin (G).
Tus lej tom qab tsab ntawv hauv lub cimtxhais tau hais tias txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub hauv paus (rau ntsia hlau) thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov neeg sib cuag (rau tus pin). Socle E27 - zoo tib yam, qauv, siv nyob rau hauv teeb, chandeliers thiab sconces. Cov teeb me me tau nruab nrog E14 (minion) teeb.
Devices nrog G puag muaj ntau qhov kev hloov kho ntxiv, yog li txhawm rau xaiv qhov hloov pauv, koj yuav tsum nqa lub teeb qub nrog koj mus rau tom khw. Ntau zaus tsawg dua, yog tias tsim nyog, xws li cov hauv paus xws li tus pin (B), tsom (P) thiab soffit (S) yog siv.
Kev xaiv lub teeb los ntawm qhov ci thiab lub zog
Yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb rau qhov kaj? Halogen teeb rau 12 V, uas yog siv nrog ib tug ntxiv transformer, yuav tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm no. Lawv emit ib lub teeb mos zoo ib yam li nruab hnub nrig. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo dua yog 220 V halogens. Yog tias koj xaiv los ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm LED, ces lub teeb los ntawm cov teeb nrog pob tshab qhov muag teev yuav ci dua. Lawv zoo meej rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Frosted flasks yuav ua rau kom muaj ntau diffuse thiab mos ci. Qhov kev xaiv no feem ntau siv rau cov teeb pom kev hauv chav dej. Qhov twg ib qho classic 60W incandescent teeb tau siv yav dhau los, 7.5W LED module tuaj yeem siv tau zoo. Qhov tshwm sim yog ci ntsa iab thaum txo lub zog siv li ntawm 8 npaug.
Lub teeb lub zog qis dua, nws siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua. Tsis tas li ntawd lub zog ntawm lub teeb pom kev ncaj qhaproportional rau nws brightness. Hauv qhov no, txhawm rau xaiv lub teeb pom kev zoo rau chav tsev, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account nws qhov loj me. Ib chav me tuaj yeem teeb pom kev nrog lub teeb txog li 100 watts. Rau cov chav nruab nrab, lub teeb nrog lub zog ntawm 120-150 watts yog xav tau. Lub teeb ntawm 150 W lossis ntau dua yuav tsum tau teeb pom kev hauv chav loj dua. Lus Cim: Rau lub teeb hmo ntuj, lub teeb lub zog siab tshaj plaws yuav yog 25W.
Ua ntej xaiv qhov muag teev los ntawm lub zog, koj yuav tsum saib cov cim tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, lub cim ntawm 25 W fluorescent teeb, "Analogue LON 100 W", txhais tau hais tias lub teeb no sib raug rau lub teeb ci ntawm lub hom phiaj dav dav (lub teeb incandescent) nrog lub zog ntawm 100 W. Tab sis lub teeb zoo li no yuav haus 25 W.
Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no thaum xaiv lub teeb rau teeb pom kev ntau yam ntawm thaj chaw, nws tsis txaus los coj mus rau hauv tus account nkaus xwb. Lub illumination ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub teeb flux poob ntawm ib cheeb tsam, thiab ntsuas hauv lux (Lx). Txhawm rau muab nws yooj yim, lub teeb ntau dua rau ntawm thaj chaw muab, qhov ntau dua qhov pom ntawm qhov chaw.
teeb rau chav sib txawv
Raws li qhov no, yuav ua li cas xaiv lub teeb rau hauv tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm? Raws li kev cai huv thiab kev cai (SNiP), rau qhov chaw sib txawv no tus nqi sib txawv heev. Piv txwv li, rau cov chaw ua haujlwm ib txwm, qhov teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum yog 300 Lx. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm uas kos duab ua haujlwm, tus nqi no tau nce mus rau 500 lx. Rau chav nyob thiab chav ua nojsib raug rau tus nqi ntawm 150 lx. Cov me nyuam chav yuav tsum tau illuminated ntawm 200 lux, thiab chav dej thiab txoj kev hauv tsev - ntawm 50. Qhov kev suav no tso cai rau koj xaiv cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub zog thiab ci ntsa iab uas tus neeg tuaj yeem xis nyob hauv txhua chav.
