Thaum daws teeb meem hauv Circuit Court, muaj qee lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau khiav tawm ntawm kev siv cov transformers los ua kom cov zis voltage. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no feem ntau hloov tawm mus rau impossibility nrog rau cov kauj ruam-up converters nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntsuas qhov loj me. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev daws teeb meem yog siv lub voj voog sib txuas.
Voltage Multiplier txhais
Ib lub cuab yeej, uas txhais tau hais tias hluav taws xob sib npaug, yog lub voj voog uas tso cai rau koj hloov AC lossis pulsating voltage rau DC, tab sis ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Qhov nce ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tso zis ntawm lub cuab yeej yog ncaj qha proportional rau tus naj npawb ntawm theem ntawm Circuit Court. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws voltage multiplier nyob rau hauv lub neej yog tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Cockcroft thiab W alton.
Niaj hnub nimno capacitors tsim los ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov me me thiab qhov loj me me. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rov tsim kho ntau lub circuits thiab qhia cov khoom rau hauv cov khoom siv sib txawv. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas tau sib sau ua ke ntawm diodes thiab capacitors txuas nrog lawv tus kheej kev txiav txim.
Ntxiv rau qhov muaj nuj nqi ntawm kev nce hluav taws xob, cov khoom sib txuas ib txhij hloov nws ntawm AC rau DC. Qhov no yooj yim nyob rau hauv hais tias tag nrho cov circuitry ntawm lub cuab yeej yog yooj yim thiab ua ntau txhim khu kev qha thiab compact. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej, nce mus txog ntau txhiab volts tuaj yeem ua tiav.
Qhov twg siv lub cuab yeej
Multipliers tau pom lawv daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv ntau hom khoom siv, cov no yog: laser siv tshuab, X-ray yoj hluav taws xob cov cuab yeej hauv lawv cov high voltage units, rau backlighting kua siv lead ua kua, ion-hom twj, mus ncig yoj teeb, huab cua ionizers, electrostatic systems, particle accelerators, luam cov cav tov, TVs thiab oscilloscopes nrog kinescopes, raws li zoo raws li qhov chaw siab, tsawg-tam sim no DC hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob
Kom nkag siab tias lub voj voog ua haujlwm li cas, nws yog qhov zoo dua los saib kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub npe hu ua universal device. Ntawm no tus naj npawb ntawm cov theem tsis yog raws nraim, thiab cov zis hluav taws xob yog txiav txim los ntawm cov mis: nUin=Uout, qhov twg:
- n yog tus lej ntawm cov theem tam sim no;
- Uin yog qhov hluav taws xob siv rau lub tswv yim ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Thaum lub sijhawm pib ntawm lub sijhawm, thaum thawj zaug, hais tias, qhov zoo ib nrab-yoj los rau hauv Circuit Court, lub input theem diode kis mus rau nws lub capacitor. Cov tom kawg yog them rau qhov amplitude ntawm cov hluav taws xob tuaj. Nrog rau qhov tsis zoo thib obib nrab-yoj, thawj diode raug kaw, thiab lub semiconductor ntawm theem thib ob cia nws mus rau nws lub capacitor, uas tseem raug them. Ntxiv rau, qhov hluav taws xob ntawm thawj lub capacitor, txuas nrog hauv koob nrog qhov thib ob, ntxiv rau qhov kawg thiab qhov tso zis ntawm cascade yog ob npaug ntawm hluav taws xob.
Qhov zoo ib yam tshwm sim ntawm txhua theem tom ntej - qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Thiab yog tias koj saib ntawm qhov kev nce mus txog qhov kawg, nws hloov tawm tias cov hluav taws xob tso zis ntau dhau ntawm cov tswv yim los ntawm qee lub sijhawm. Tab sis raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug transformer, lub zog tam sim no ntawm no yuav txo nrog ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm sib txawv - txoj cai ntawm kev txuag lub zog kuj ua hauj lwm.
Txoj kev tsim kom muaj tus lej sib npaug
Tag nrho cov saw hlau ntawm lub voj voog yog sib dhos los ntawm ntau qhov txuas. Ib qhov txuas ntawm qhov hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm lub capacitor yog ib nrab-yoj hom rectifier. Yuav kom tau txais cov cuab yeej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj ob qhov txuas txuas txuas, txhua tus muaj lub diode thiab lub capacitor. Xws li lub voj voog yog hluav taws xob ob npaug.
Cov duab sawv cev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau hauv cov qauv classic zoo li nrog txoj kab pheeb ces kaum ntawm lub diodes. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev hloov ntawm cov semiconductors txiav txim siab seb qhov twg muaj peev xwm - tsis zoo lossis qhov zoo - yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov tso tawm ntawm tus lej sib piv rau nws cov ntsiab lus.
Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov kab hluav taws xob nrog qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov muaj peev xwm zoo, qhov hluav taws xob bipolar voltage doubler circuit tau txais ntawm qhov khoom siv. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kev tsim kho no yog tias koj ntsuas qibhluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm tus ncej thiab cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thiab nws tshaj qhov input voltage los ntawm 4 npaug, ces qhov loj ntawm qhov amplitude ntawm tus ncej yuav nce 8 zaug.
Nyob rau hauv lub multiplier, lub ntsiab lus (uas yog txuas nrog cov kab sib txuas) yuav yog qhov uas cov zis ntawm cov khoom siv txuas nrog cov zis ntawm lub capacitor pawg nrog rau lwm cov kab txuas txuas. Thaum kawg ntawm lawv, cov zis hluav taws xob raug coj los ntawm cov ntsiab lus - ntawm tus coefficient, ntawm khib capacitors, feem, ntawm qhov khib coefficient.
Pumping capacitor nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug
Hauv lwm lo lus, nyob rau hauv lub cuab yeej ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tas li, muaj qee yam txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm kev teeb tsa cov zis tsis sib xws rau qhov tshaj tawm. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws kom pom qhov no yog los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob ob npaug. Thaum, los ntawm semiconductor D1, lub capacitor C1 yog them rau nws tag nrho cov nqi, ces nyob rau hauv ib nrab nthwv dej tom ntej no, nws, nrog rau qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob, ib txhij them tus thib ob capacitor. C1 tsis muaj sijhawm los muab tag nrho nws cov nqi rau C2, yog li cov zis tsis pib muaj qhov sib txawv ob npaug.
Ntawm qhov thib peb ib nrab-yoj, thawj lub capacitor yog recharged thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub peev xwm rau C2. Tab sis qhov voltage ntawm lub capacitor thib ob twb muaj ib qho kev taw qhia rov qab rau thawj. Yog li ntawd, cov zis capacitor tsis tau them tag nrho. Nrog rau txhua lub voj voog tshiab, cov hluav taws xob ntawm C1 lub caij yuav zoo rau cov tswv yim, C2 voltage yuav muab ob npaug rau qhov loj.
Howxam tus multiplier
Thaum xam cov khoom sib npaug, nws yuav tsum tau pib los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug, uas yog: qhov tam sim no xav tau rau kev thauj khoom (In), cov zis hluav taws xob (Uout), ripple coefficient (Kp). Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus capacitance tus nqi ntawm cov ntsiab lus capacitor, qhia hauv uF, yog txiav txim los ntawm cov mis: С(n)=2, 85nHauv / (KpUout), qhov twg:
- n yog tus naj npawb ntawm lub sijhawm hluav taws xob nkag tau nce;
- In - tam sim no ntws hauv load (mA);
- Kp – pulsation factor (%);
- Uout - voltage tau txais ntawm qhov tso zis ntawm lub cuab yeej (V).
Kev nce lub peev xwm tau txais los ntawm kev suav los ntawm ob lossis peb zaug, ib tus tau txais tus nqi ntawm qhov capacitance ntawm lub capacitor ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm Circuit Court C1. Tus nqi ntawm lub caij no tso cai rau koj tam sim tau txais tag nrho tus nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tso zis, thiab tsis txhob tos kom txog thaum qee lub sijhawm dhau los. Thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm lub load tsis nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov nce ntawm hluav taws xob mus rau lub nominal tso zis, lub capacitance ntawm lub capacitor yuav coj zoo tib yam rau cov xam qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev thauj khoom yog tias qhov ripple ntawm diode voltage multiplier tsis tshaj 0.1%. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ripples txog li 3% kuj yog qhov txaus siab. Tag nrho cov diodes ntawm lub voj voog raug xaiv los ntawm kev suav kom lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus lub zog tam sim no ob zaug nws tus nqi hauv kev thauj khoom. Cov mis rau kev suav cov cuab yeej nrog qhov tseeb zoo li no: nUin - (In(n3 + 9n2 / 4 + n / 2) / (12fC))=Uout, qhov twg:
- f – voltage zaus ntawm lub cuab yeej input (Hz);
- C - capacitor capacitance (F).
Txoj kev zoo thiabqhov tsis zoo
Hais txog qhov zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, peb tuaj yeem nco qab cov hauv qab no:
Lub peev xwm kom tau txais hluav taws xob ntau ntawm cov zis - qhov sib txuas ntau dua hauv cov saw hlau, qhov sib npaug ntau dua yuav yog
- Simplicity of design - txhua yam yog sib sau ua ke ntawm cov qauv sib txuas thiab cov xov tooj cua txhim khu kev qha uas tsis tshua muaj kev poob.
- Nyhav - qhov tsis muaj cov khoom loj xws li lub zog hloov hluav taws xob txo qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub voj voog.
Qhov qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov kev sib txuas sib txuas yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov zis loj tam sim no los ntawm nws mus rau lub zog thauj khoom.
Zaj lus
Xaiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau ib qho khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov sib npaug circuits muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ripple tshaj qhov tsis sib npaug. Yog li ntawd, rau cov khoom siv rhiab heev nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov khoom siv ruaj khov dua. Asymmetrical, yooj yim ua, muaj cov ntsiab lus tsawg dua.
