Ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ruaj khov kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov hluav taws xob network, cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov roj teeb tshuaj ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem muab tus mob no. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas muaj cov hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tam sim no.
Voltage stabilizer
Nyob hauv Art. voltage (U) nkag siab txog lub cuab yeej, lub circuitry uas yog sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas nyob rau hauv tsis siv neeg hom nws tso cai rau koj mus khaws cov theem (U) ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tsis hloov nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv. Siv cov khoom siv thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob ruaj khov ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.
Zoo ntawm hom hluav taws xob, khoom siv yog:
- Variable voltage;
- tsis tu ncua voltage.
Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua:
- hom nyiaj npib;
- parametric.
Nrog cov khoom siv no nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav kev sib raug zoo, tab sis tsuas yog qee qhov ua kom tsis muaj zog.
stabilizer tam sim no
Tam sim no stabilizers (Kuv) yog lwm yam hu ua tam sim no generators. LawvLub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog, tsis hais txog qhov kev thauj khoom twg txuas nrog ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm (lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev thauj khoom tsis kam), tsim kom muaj qhov ruaj khov tam sim no (I). Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov xwm txheej no, txhua yam khoom siv yam tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb muaj cov khoom siv impedance ntawm cov txiaj ntsig loj.
Cov peev txheej ntawm cov cuab yeej siv dav. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim circuits ntawm LED teeb, roj paug teeb thiab ib txwm nyob rau hauv chargers qhov twg cov kev xaiv ntawm kev hloov lub them nqi tam sim no yog siv.
Raws li lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm kev kos duab. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob ntxiv rau qhov resistor. Qhov no yog ib txwm siv LED fais fab mov tswvyim. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev daws teeb meem no yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv lub zog loj (U). Tsuas yog tus mob no tso cai rau koj siv lub siab tiv thaiv kom ua tiav cov nyhuv stabilization.
Types of stabilizers
Xav txog qhov voltage thiab tam sim no stabilizers, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv muaj ntau hom rau ntau hom hluav taws xob. Yog li, qhov kev faib tawm faib lawv mus rau hauv cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm hauv circuits ntawm hluav taws xob ncaj qha lossis hloov hluav taws xob. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tau txais kev ruaj khov, muaj cov nyiaj them poob haujlwm thiab cov txheej txheem parametric.
Hauv cov khoom siv parametric, cov khoom siv xov tooj cua yog siv, uas tam sim no-voltage yam ntxwv (CVC) muaj ib daim ntawv uas tsis yog-linear. Yog li, cov ntsiab lus no rau kev ua haujlwm nrog kev sib hloov hluav taws xob yog chokes nrog lub saturated ferromagnetic core. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov ncaj qha hluav taws xob stabilization yog daws los ntawm stabistors thiab zener diodes. Qhov tam sim no ruaj khov nrog kev pab ntawm transistors - cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv teb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm bipolar.
Voltage thiab tam sim no stabilizers ntawm kev them nyiaj hom ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev them nyiaj thaum muab piv rau qhov tseeb tsis muaj hluav taws xob nrog rau kev siv los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv. Nyob rau hauv xws li systems muaj ib tug tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov kev tswj lub teeb liab los mus rau lub regulating lub caij. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb liab, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov cuab yeej tswj tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab ntawm qhov tso zis nws tseem nyob ruaj khov. Cov khoom siv nyiaj them rov qab yog kev tswj xyuas tas li, mem tes thiab nruam-miv.
Ob qho tib si parametric thiab them nyiaj voltage thiab tam sim no stabilizers tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm qhov hnyav, qhov loj, qhov zoo thiab lub zog ntsuas. Cov stabilizers zoo (U) suav nrog:
- coefficient ntawm voltage stabilization ntawm lub tswv yim;
- internal circuit resistance;
- ripple equalization factor.
Rau Stabilizers (Kuv):
- coefficient rau cov tswv yim (U) stabilization tam sim no;
- ruaj khov yam hauv cov txheej txheem thaum lub thauj khoom hloov pauv;
- coefficient Art. kub.
Lub zog tsis muaj xws li:
- efficiency;
- lub zog uas tswj lub luag haujlwm tuaj yeem tawg.
kho qhov voltage thiab tam sim no stabilizer
Kom tau txais kev ruaj ntseg nrog lub peev xwm los tswj cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab cov coefficient siab dua, cov transistor nyuajschemes.
Cov txheej txheem muaj xws li:
- St. tam sim no ntawm transistor VT1. Nws txoj hauj lwm yog muab tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau lub collector, uas tom qab ntawd mus los ntawm lub amplifier thiab mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub regulating element.
- Amplifier (I) ntawm bipolar VTy. Qhov no transistor teb rau qhov voltage poob hla ib qho kev sib cais.
- Regulating element ntawm transistor VT2. Ua tsaug rau nws, qhov tso zis (U) txo qis lossis nce ntxiv.
AC voltage stabilizers yog siv los txhawb cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Standard parameters ntawm xws li:
- Muaj peev xwm kho tau (U) tso zis yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam lub teeb liab.
- Stabilization ntawm qhov loj input voltage kis ntawm 140 txog 260 volts.
- Kev saib xyuas siab (U) nrog qhov sib txawv tsis ntau tshaj 2%.
- High efficiency.
- Muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv overload.
tam sim no thiab voltage stabilizer circuits
Parametric ntaus ntawv (U), sib sau ua ke raws li ib theem txheej txheem.
Cov txheej txheem muaj xws li:
- Ib lub zener diode uas poob ib qhov nqi hluav taws xob tsis hais txog (Kuv) dhau los ntawm nws.
- A quenching resistor qhov twg tshaj (U) tso tawm raws li tam sim no nce.
- Diode ua raws li qhov kub thiab txias.
Raws li ob theem txheej txheem.
Cov tswv yim zoo li no muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo tshaj plaws, raws li lawv muaj xws li:
- Pre-cascadestabilization, ua nyob rau ntawm ob series-txuas zener diodes, qhov twg kuj muaj thermal them nyiaj vim qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo kub coefficients ntawm xov tooj cua hais.
- Terminal stabilization theem ntawm zener diode thiab quenching resistor, uas yog powered los ntawm thawj theem.
Parametric tam sim no ntaus ntawv ntawm lub teb ntaus ntawv raws li lub tswv yim - qhov chaw-qhov rooj luv luv.
Vim tias tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm transistor (U) nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub rooj vag, nws tsuas yog dhau ib qho nqi (I) tsis hais qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov nkag. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub voj voog yog txuam nrog kev sib kis ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv teb, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tsim kom muaj tus nqi tseeb ntawm qhov ruaj khov tam sim no.
Parametric voltage regulator nrog built-in tam sim no regulator.
Lub voj voog yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ib theem hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob, qhov uas tsis yog kev tiv thaiv damping, lub zog ruaj khov (I) suav nrog ntawm qhov hloov pauv. Qhov kev tsim no muaj qhov ua kom ruaj khov ntau dua.
Compensating stabilizer nrog (U) tus nqi tas li thiab kev tswj hwm hauv hom txuas ntxiv.
DIY hluav taws xob stabilization ntaus ntawv
Cov khoom siv niaj hnub ruaj khov yog siv hauv microcircuits. Koj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ib qho hluav taws xob thiab lub zog tam sim no nrog koj tus kheej tes siv LM317. Nov yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws uas tsis tas yuav hloov kho.
Hloov lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm, koj tuaj yeem siv getinax lossis textolite phaj. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau etch cov lem. Lub Circuit Court yog yooj yim, yog li nws yooj yim dua los ua kom muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov xaim ntu.
Zaj lus
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias txhua yam kev tswj hwm hauv circuits tuaj yeem kub heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog microcircuits. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Rau kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev, koj tuaj yeem siv Resanta AC voltage stabilizer.
