Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom uas nkag siab zoo rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tsis tsuas yog kev ua haujlwm raug, tab sis kuj tseem ua haujlwm ntawm cov circuits tag nrho nyob ntawm nws. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau nruab nrog cov stabilizers ruaj khov nrog lub zog me me. Lawv yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas circuits, uas yog tsim los ntawm ntau manufacturers thoob ntiaj teb.
Dab tsi yog qhov poob qis qis qis regulator?
Nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob stabilizer (SN) nkag siab txog cov cuab yeej zoo li no, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov load. Txhua tus stabilizer muaj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov muab qhov ntsuas, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm hom Circuit Court thiab cov khoom muaj nyob hauv nws.
Internally, MV zoo li lub kaw lus kaw, qhov twg hauv hom tsis siv neeg cov zis hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv raws li kev siv (kev siv), uas yog tsim los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb. Hom nostabilizers hu ua compensatory. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ntsiab tswj (RE) yog ib tug transistor - ib tug bipolar los yog ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm teb.
Cov kev cai tswj qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv ob hom sib txawv (txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim kho):
- active;
- key.
thawj hom txhais tau hais tias kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm RE, qhov thib ob - ua haujlwm hauv hom mem tes.
Tus stabilizer ruaj khov siv nyob qhov twg?
Xov tooj cua-cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb. Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tam sim no. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yog kom tau txais cov stabilizers nrog cov kev ntsuas me me thiab tsawg npaum li qhov ua tau hluav taws xob poob rau lawv.
Ntawm CHs yog siv nyob rau hauv cov hauv qab no:
- chaw sib txuas lus mobile;
- portable computers;
- microcontroller roj teeb;
- offline kev ruaj ntseg koob yees duab;
- autonomous security systems thiab sensors.
Yuav daws cov teeb meem ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob nyob ruaj ruaj, cov tswj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov hluav taws xob me me hauv lub tsev nrog peb lub KT-hom terminals (KT-26, KT-28-2, thiab lwm yam) yog siv. Lawv yog siv los tsim cov circuits yooj yim:
- chargers;
- khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev;
- ntsuas khoom;
- kev sib txuas lus;
- khoom tshwj xeeb.
hom SNs yog dab tsi?
Txhua yam kev ruaj khov (suav nroguas suav nrog cov taag) muab faib ua ob pawg loj:
- Hybrid Low Drop Voltage Stabilizers (HID).
- Semiconductor microcircuits (ISN).
SN ntawm thawj pab pawg yog ua los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov khoom tsis muaj cov khoom siv semiconductor. Tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau muab tso rau ntawm lub dielectric substrate, qhov sib txuas conductors thiab resistors ntxiv los ntawm kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab tuab lossis nyias, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws - qhov sib txawv tsis sib xws, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam.
qauv, microcircuits yog cov khoom tiav, cov zis hluav taws xob uas raug kho. Cov no feem ntau yog cov stabilizers uas tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob poob ntawm 5 volts thiab mus txog 15 V. Cov tshuab muaj zog ntau dua yog tsim los ntawm cov tsis muaj zog tsis muaj zog transistors thiab tswj Circuit Court (tsawg zog) raws li cov yeeb yaj kiab. Lub Circuit Court muaj peev xwm dhau mus txog 5 amps.
ISN microcircuits tau ua rau ntawm ib nti, vim tias lawv me me thiab hnyav. Piv nrog rau yav dhau los microcircuits, lawv muaj kev ntseeg siab dua thiab pheej yig dua los tsim, txawm hais tias lawv qis dua rau GISN raws li qhov tsis muaj.
Linear SNs nrog peb tus pin yog rau ISN. Yog tias koj coj L78 lossis L79 series (rau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo), ces lawv muab faib ua microcircuits nrog:
- Tsawg tso zis tam sim no txog 0.1 A (L78L).
- Average tam sim no, nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.5A (L78M).
- High tam sim no mus txog 1.5 A (L78).
Low Dropout Linear Regulator Ua Haujlwm Txoj Caivoltage
Cov qauv stabilizer muaj xws li:
- Voltage reference.
- Converter (amplifier) yuam kev teeb liab.
- Ib lub teeb liab sib faib thiab cov khoom tswj tau sib sau ua ke ntawm ob lub resistors.
Vim tias tus nqi ntawm qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam R1 thiab R2, tom kawg tau ua rau hauv microcircuit thiab CH nrog cov zis hluav taws xob ruaj khov tau txais.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis qis yog ua raws cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib piv cov siv hluav taws xob nrog qhov uas yog cov zis. Nyob ntawm theem ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm ob qhov ntsuas no, qhov yuam kev amplifier ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm lub hwj chim transistor ntawm cov zis, npog lossis qhib nws txoj kev hloov. Yog li, qhov tseeb theem ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tso zis ntawm lub stabilizer yuav txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov tshaj tawm nominal.
Tsis tas li hauv Circuit Court muaj cov sensors tiv thaiv overheating thiab overload tam sim no. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov sensors no, cov channel ntawm cov zis transistor tau thaiv tag nrho, thiab nws tsis dhau tam sim no. Hauv hom kaw, lub nti siv tsuas yog 50 microamps.
Low Dropout Regulator Circuits
Kev sib koom ua ke stabilizer microcircuit yooj yim vim nws muaj tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog hauv. Txhim kho nws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yuav tsum muaj kev suav nrog tsuas yog lim capacitors. Cov yav tas yog tsim los tshem tawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov chaw tam sim no thiab thauj khoom, raws li pom hauv daim duab.
Hais txog 78xx series CHs thiab siv tantalum lossis ceramic shunt capacitors rau kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov zis, lub peev xwm ntawm qhov kawg yuav tsum nyob rau hauv 2 uF (input) thiab 1 uF (tso tawm) ntawm qhov tso cai voltage thiab tam sim no tus nqi. Yog tias koj siv aluminium capacitors, ces lawv cov nqi yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua 10 microfarads. Txuas cov khoom kom ze li sai tau rau tus pins ntawm microcircuit.
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob stabilizer nrog lub zog me me ntawm qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas, koj tuaj yeem nce qhov ntsuas ntawm CH los ntawm ib qho me me mus rau qhov loj dua. Los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg, nws tau nce los ntawm tib tus nqi ntawm qhov thauj khoom, raws li qhia hauv daim duab.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab thiab hloov cov tswj hwm
Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm tas mus li (SN) muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
- Realized nyob rau hauv ib pob me me, uas tso cai rau lawv kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm PCB.
- Tsis xav tau kev teeb tsa ntawm kev tswj hwm ntxiv.
- Muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tso tawm kom ruaj khov.
Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog kev ua haujlwm qis, tsis pub tshaj 60%, cuam tshuam nrog kev poob qis hla lub hauv paus tswj hwm. Nrog lub zog siab ntawm microcircuit, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv lub tshuab ua kom txias txias.
Hloov cov tswj hluav taws xob nrog qhov poob me me yog suav tias ua tau zoo duateb voltage, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm uas yog kwv yees li ntawm 85%. Qhov no yog ua tiav vim kev khiav hauj lwm hom ntawm lub regulating lub caij, nyob rau hauv uas tam sim no dhau los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv pulses.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob CH suav nrog:
- Kev nyuaj ntawm kev tsim qauv.
- Kev muaj suab nrov impulse.
- Tsis tshua muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov zis parameter.
Qee cov kab hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob Circuit Courts
Ntxiv rau qhov tsom siv microcircuits li CH, nws muaj peev xwm nthuav dav lawv cov peev txheej. Qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov circuits raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke L7805.
Tig rau stabilizers nyob rau hauv parallel mode
Txhawm rau kom cov khoom thauj tam sim no, CH txuas nrog rau ib leeg. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub voj voog zoo li no, ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntxiv ntawm tus nqi me me yog nruab rau hauv nws nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom thauj thiab cov zis ntawm lub stabilizer.
CH raws li stabilizer tam sim no
Muaj cov khoom thauj uas yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua (stable) tam sim no, piv txwv li, ib qho saw LED.
Txoj kev tswj cov kiv cua nrawm hauv lub computer
Tus tswj hwm ntawm hom no yog tsim los ntawm txoj hauv kev uas thaum pib qhib, lub tshuab txias tau txaistag nrho 12 V (rau nws nce qib). Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub capacitor C1 nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov resistor R2, nws yuav ua tau los kho tus nqi voltage.
Zoo kawg
Thaum sib sau ua ke ib lub voj voog uas siv lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ua-nws-koj tus kheej nrog qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob poob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog tias qee hom microcircuits (tsim los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam cov transistors) tsis tuaj yeem soldered nrog cov hlau zoo tib yam. ncaj qha los ntawm 220 V network yam tsis muaj qhov rooj plaub. Lawv cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas tsuaj!
