Plywood yog thawj zaug tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov no yog cov khoom siv ntau heev siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsev, hauv kev tsim cov rooj tog, ntim, khoom ua si, thiab lwm yam. Niaj hnub no kev lag luam tsim ntau yam plywood. Qhov ntev ntawm cov nplooj ntawv, lawv cov thickness thiab qhov zoo txiav txim siab txog cov khoom siv no thiab nws cov nqi.
Cov khoom no yog dab tsi
Plywood muaj ob peb txheej ntawm veneer glued nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas cov fibers nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog perpendicular. Yog li ntawd, nws yog devoid ntawm lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm ntoo - lub peev xwm mus tawg, qhuav tawm thiab deform. Tau kawg, txij li cov tshuaj siv hauv kev tsim cov plywood, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, phenolic lossis carbamide-formaldehyde adhesives, nws yog qhov qis dua rau ntoo raws li kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig.
qauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Thaum yuav cov khoom no, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov ntev thiab qhov dav ntawm cov nplooj ntawv. Feem ntau pom hauv khw muag khoomplywood nyob rau hauv qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Cov nplooj ntawv zoo li no yooj yim heev hauv kev teeb tsa thiab kev thauj mus los. Tus qauv ntev ntawm plywood raws li GOST yog 2.44 m, qhov dav yog 1.22 m. Cov ntawv tseem tsim thiab loj dua lossis me dua. Muaj ntau hom plywood nrog qhov dav ntawm 1.525 m (feem ntau square). Qhov ntev ntawm cov nplooj ntawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 3.66 meters. Yog li, tus qauv qhov ntev ntawm plywood yog 2.44 x 1.22 m.
Yuav tuab npaum li cas
Tau kawg, qhov ntev thiab qhov dav yog nyob deb ntawm qhov tsis sib xws uas cov plywood tuaj yeem sib txawv. Lwm qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb yog nws cov thickness. Hauv kev tsim cov thawv thiab rooj tog, piv txwv li, cov ntawv nyias nyias yog siv. Hauv kev ua tiav, nrog rau kev tsim vaj tsev, ntau cov plywood tuab yog siv. Qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev npaj no nyob ntawm ob tus naj npawb ntawm cov txheej thiab cov tuab ntawm cov veneer.
Plywood yog tsim los ntawm ob lub tuam txhab zoo tib yam thiab cov lag luam, nrog rau cov chaw tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov khoom yog ua nrog ib tug tuab ntawm 3 mus rau 30 mm. Hauv qhov no, cov kauj ruam ntawm qhov muaj nuj nqis yog li 3 hli. Cov tuam txhab tshwj xeeb kuj tsim "aviation" plywood, lub thickness ntawm uas - thaum tuav lub zog - tuaj yeem me me.
Yam koj yuav tsum paub
Los ntawm kev kos, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Feem ntau lawv nyob nrog, uas yog, raws li qhov ntev ntawm daim ntawv. Tab sis qee zaum muaj cov kev xaiv uas cov fibers tau qhia nyob rau hauv dav. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov loj ntawm daim ntawv plywood yog qhia nrog qhov ntev teem rau qhov thib obqhov chaw. Nws zoo li qhov no - 1.22 x 2.44 m. Hauv cov ntawv txheeb nrog cov kev coj ua niaj hnub ntawm cov fibers, qhov loj yog qhia raws li hauv qab no - 2.44 x 1.22 m.
Ntau txheej ntawm plywood
Daim duab no kuj txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nplooj ntawv feem ntau muaj cov lej khib ntawm cov txheej (yam tsawg kawg peb). Qee zaum veneer los ntawm tib hom ntoo yog siv hauv kev tsim khoom, qee zaum los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv nruab nrab, cov phaj veneer phem tuaj yeem nyob. Qee lub sij hawm plywood nrog tsuas yog ib txheej zoo sab nrauv kuj pom ntawm muag. Hauv qhov no, sab nraub qaum ntawm daim ntawv yog hu ua sab tsis ncaj ncees.
Material qib
Yog li, koj xav tau plywood rau qee lub hom phiaj. Dimensions, thickness thiab naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsis yog tib yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum muas. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib tsab ntawv los yog tus naj npawb ntawm qhov zoo ntawm txheej pem hauv ntej. Tam sim no, raws li GOST 30427-96, tsuas muaj plaub qib ntawm plywood:
- A - qib thawj. Hauv qhov no, sab pem hauv ntej tau tso cai kom muaj txog li peb lub pob me me ntawm 1 m 2. Nws yog cov plywood du heev siv feem ntau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv.
- B - qib ob. Knots ntawm cov plywood tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 rau 1m 2. Nws raug nqi tsawg dua li cov khoom siv thawj zaug.
- S - qib peb. Xws li plywood feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim cov thawv lossis cov khoom zais.
- D - qib plaub. Hom no kuj siv taufeem ntau yog rau kev tsim cov thawv.
Cov cim zoo sib xws tam sim no tau siv, tab sis suav tias tsis siv lawm. Yog li ntawd, ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv lo tseem tuaj yeem qhia tau yooj yim los ntawm Latin tus lej ntawm I txog IV. Tsab ntawv E hauv qhov cim tshiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
10mm plywood loj
Nov yog hom khoom nrov tshaj plaws. Xws li plywood feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem, suav nrog cov khoom thauj.
10mm plywood loj yuav txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, ib yam li lwm cov thickness, cov ntawv txheeb ntawm 2.44 x 1.22 m feem ntau muag thiab siv.
Ntau yam hauv dej tsis kam
Ntawm lwm yam, muaj ntau hom khoom siv no. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub peev xwm ntawm plywood los tswj nws cov khoom ua haujlwm ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov av noo ib puag ncig yog muab rau hauv tus account. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb hom kua nplaum twg tau xaiv rau fastening cov nplooj ntawv veneer.
Moisture resistance marking:
- FK - cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv hauv chav qhuav. Qhov no tsis yog noo noo resistant plywood, tab sis feem ntau environmentally friendly. Hauv qhov no, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tau tuav ua ke nrog cov nplaum raws li urea resins.
- FSF - noo noo tiv taus plywood, qhov ntev ntawm uas tuaj yeem yog tus qauv lossis tsis yog. Qhov kev xaiv no muaj zog hardness thiab mechanical zog ntau dua li FC. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov, piv txwv li, thaum npaj lub hauv paus hauv qabvov tsev. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov khoom no yog tsau siv cov nplaum raws li formaldehyde resins.
- FOF - laminated plywood. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txheej txheej ntawm cov nplooj ntawv yog ntxiv glued nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb zaj duab xis, uas ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug zoo heev tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm ya raws, tab sis kuj los ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob, raws li zoo raws li los ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm ntau yam kev aggression ib puag ncig.
Ntau yam raws li qib kev ua haujlwm
Ntawm lwm yam, plywood, qhov ntev thiab qib ntawm cov dej noo tsis kam ntawm qhov sib txawv, kuj txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem pem hauv ntej. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom raug faib raws li hauv qab no:
- Ш1 - cov ntawv yog polished los ntawm ib leeg - pem hauv ntej - sab;
- SH2 - sib tsoo ua tiav ntawm ob sab;
- НШ - raw plywood.
Nyob ntoo
Raws li tau hais lawm, plywood tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Nws tuaj yeem yog ob qho tib si coniferous thiab deciduous ntoo. Hauv thawj kis, fir, ntoo thuv lossis spruce feem ntau yog siv. Hardwoods (birch, beech, linden) tsim cov plywood nyuaj. Qee lub sij hawm rau kev tsim cov khoom siv no kuj siv tau - gobun, meranti, latan. Ib qho nthuav ntau yam yog cov ntoo plywood zoo nkauj. Hauv qhov no, lub ntsej muag txheej tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cherry, beech lossis ntoo qhib.
Plywood: qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Tau kawg, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv kuj tseem nyob ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov nplooj ntawv. Qhov ntau dua qhov tuab, qhov ntev thiab dav, cov ntawv kim dua. Muaj feem xyuam rau tus nqi thiab qib ntawm plywood. Yog li, cov khoom siv cim nrog tsab ntawv D 1.52 x 1.52 m yuav raug nqi txog 210-250 rubles. Ib daim ntawv loj ntawm thawj qib nrog lub thickness ntawm 6.5 mm - 1000 r. Qhov kev xaiv 12 hli yuav raug nqi txog 1300-1500 rubles. High-quality plywood 2.1 cm yuav raug nqi 2000 rubles.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov khoom thaum tsim lub teb chaws
Plywood, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab tus nqi sib cuam tshuam, tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim vaj tsev rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Cov cheeb tsam ib txwm ntawm nws daim ntawv thov hauv qhov no:
- Seathing thav duab phab ntsa sab nraum hauv qab plaster. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, FSR hom khoom siv nrog lub thickness tsawg kawg yog 9 hli yuav tsum tau siv.
- Seathing thav duab los ntawm sab hauv. FSR plywood kuj tsim nyog rau lub hom phiaj no.
- Cov cuab yeej ntawm ib qho txuas txuas ntxiv hauv qab lub ru tsev. Nws tseem yog tsim los ntawm FSR. Qhov loj ntawm daim ntawv plywood feem ntau yog tus qauv. Nws thickness yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 9 hli nrog ib tug rafter pitch ntawm 30 cm, 12 mm - ntawm 60 cm, 18 mm - ntawm 90 cm.
- Seathing ntawm phab ntsa thiab qab nthab ntawm cov chav zoo tib yam tshaj rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm sab hauv. Hauv qhov no, plywood ntawm qib thib ob FK, tuab txaus siv tau.
- Smoothing qub ntoo pem teb. Txij li thaum FSR plywood tuaj yeem tso tawm cov pa phem formaldehyde, nws tseem zoo dua los siv FK kev xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab daim ntawv.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, plywood, thickness, zoo thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov sib txawv, yog cov khoom siv yuav luag txhua yam nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo thiabyooj yim rau nruab.
