Txhua qhov qhib tuaj yeem ua kom zoo nkauj dua yog tias koj ntxiv nrog lub lintel lossis arched vault. Qhov kev tsim no yog txhim khu kev qha, vim hais tias lub load yog zoo dua faib vim qhov ntev ntau dua piv rau ib tug ncaj jumper. Qhov no tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm pob zeb lossis hlau hauv cladding lossis phab ntsa.
Arched cov qauv siv tau rau:
- bib hauv ob sab;
- kev tsim khoom sab nraum zoov barbecues thiab barbecues;
- tsim kev qhib rau hauv cov phab ntsa thauj khoom;
- tsim portals nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rooj vag thiab rooj vag;
- tsim qhov cub thiab qhov cub.
Npaj cov cuab yeej
Yog tias koj ntsib nrog cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub cib, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom muaj qee yam cuab yeej, ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau qhia:
- buckets;
- xab;
- trowel;
- pick.
Koj tseem yuav xav tau lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob, uas yog:
- hluav taws xob jigsaw;
- screwdriver;
- Bulgarian.
Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov cim thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntoo.
Npaj ua haujlwm
Yuav kom quav lub cib koov, koj yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke ib ntus load-bearing ntoo formwork. Nws tuaj yeem yog rail, bar lossis cov ntaub ntawv. Xws li kev txhawb nqa yuav rov ua cov duab thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub dav hlau arch. Rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, koj yuav xav tau qee qhov kev txwv. Nov yog:
- arch shape;
- arch radius;
- nrug ntawm kev txhawb nqa dav hlau;
- wall thickness.
Arched vaults yog sawv cev los ntawm ob hom. Lub koov tuaj yeem ua tau arched lossis muaj cov duab zoo. Daim ntawv hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb, yog li koj yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev pom nrog lwm cov khoom vaj tsev. Raws li rau lub vojvoog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb arch nws yuav zoo li ib tug semicircle. Nws yog ib nrab ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kev txhawb nqa.
Lub vojvoog ntawm lub koov ntawm tus qauv hneev yog txiav txim siab tus kheej. Lub koov tuaj yeem yog ntawm txhua qhov tuab, txawm tias muaj qhov pom ntawm qhov txuas txuas ntxiv. Koj yuav tsum xub tsim ib tug qauv, lub thickness ntawm uas yog 250 hli, uas yog sib npaug rau ib lub cib. Lub cib lintel yuav tsum ruaj khov. Hauv qhov no, cov khoom siv khib nyiab yog siv. Lub hauv paus pob zeb, uas tseem hu ua lub tsev fuabtais pob zeb, nyob ntawm tib qhov deb ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa lossis lawv qhov projections. Yog tias nws hloov tawm kom tsawg dua tus qauv, koj tuaj yeem txiav nws nrog lub kaum sab xis grinder. Seam thickness nyob rau hauvhauv qab ntawm masonry yuav tsum yog li 6 hli, thiab sab saum toj - 30 hli los yog tsawg dua.
haujlwm ua haujlwm
Yog tias koj xav tsim lub cib koov, koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib daim ntawv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Semicircles lossis ntu raug txiav tawm ntawm nws, qhov ntev ntawm qhov yuav sib npaug rau yav tom ntej arch. Yuav kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub log, cov tuav yog screwed rau. Cov phab ntsa yog tsau nrog ib lub bar ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau nyob deb. Cov slats yuav tsum tau muab faib raws ntug ntawm lub voj voog ntawm qhov deb ntawm 200 mm kom lawv tsim ib qho kev txhawb nqa. Lawv kho nrog tus kheej tapping screws.
Ua ntej koj tsim lub cib arch, koj yuav tsum thaiv lub dav hlau ua haujlwm ntawm cov formwork nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo li fiberboard. Lub dav hlau ntoo yog lubricated nrog diesel roj los yog roj kom nws tsis deteriorate los ntawm kev daws thiab yooj yim rau dismantle. Ntawm no peb tuaj yeem xav tias lub formwork yog npaj txhij. Nws tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv qhov qhib.
Formwork installation
Txawm tias qhov hnyav ntawm cov cib tsis tseem ceeb, thiab lub koov yuav nyob ntawm qhov siab, lub formwork yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm cov racks. Lawv txuas nrog cov kev txhawb nqa nrog dowels. Ib qho kev txhawb nqa ntxiv yog ntsia rau hauv nruab nrab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas muaj spacers nruab nrab ntawm lub uprights.
Lub koov yog nteg tawm ib txhij nrog lub dav hlau, yog li qhov chaw ntawm pita tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qib ntawm kab ntawm masonry. Nws qhov siab yuav tsum paub ua ntej. Yog hais tias lub jumper yog arched (nws tseem hu ua segmented), qhov nres rau pita yuav tsum tau nteg tawm ntxiv. Cib rau qhov no yog txiav rau hauv qhov chaw. Qhov pib ntawm lub vault yuav poob rau ntawm lub dav hlau pita.
Thaum qhov raug cib koov raug txhim tsa, vaultspib nrog cov khoom uas tau npaj horizontally. Tom qab ntawd, lawv sawv, hloov lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination. Lub formwork yog li ntawd ntsia tom qab thawj cib tau nteg nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa.
Tsim ib lub koov tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov masonry zoo tib yam. Kev nyuaj tuaj yeem qhia tau tsuas yog hauv kev suav thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm txawm tias formwork. Yog hais tias tus tsim yog txias, ces nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ib qho kev daws teeb meem nrog ib qho kev faib ua feem. Nws muab kev sib txuas ntawm 2.5 feem ntawm cov xuab zeb nrog ib feem ntawm cov cement. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog barbecue lossis qhov cub, koj yuav tsum siv cov av nplaum tov.
Thaum tsim lub koov hauv qab lub cib, koj yuav tsum nteg tawm cov khoom ntawm ob sab ntawm lub formwork tib lub sijhawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau siv cov thickness limiters ntawm cov txheej hauv qab. Lub dav hlau yuav tsum coincide nrog lub dav hlau ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa, thaum lub seams tau ntim nrog mortar. Koj tuaj yeem rho tawm lub voj voog tsuas yog tom qab 21 hnub txij li hnub ua haujlwm tiav.
cib noj
Yog tias koj xav tsim lub cib arch nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum tau xam cov khoom. Txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm seb tus qauv yuav siab npaum li cas. Qhov siab ntawm ib kab yog 72 hli, uas yog sib npaug ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub cib thiab qhov siab ntawm qhov sib koom.
Yog tias qhov tso tau ua tiav hauv ib lub cib, tom qab ntawd txhawm rau txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov khoom siv yuav tsum paub txog thaj tsam ntawm lub koov, uas muab faib los ntawm qhov siab ntawm ib kab. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj muaj pes tsawg lub cib koj yuav tsum yuav.
Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo tawg
Tom qab saib cov duab ntawm cib arches, koj tuaj yeem xaiv tus tsim. Tab sis qhov no tsis txaus kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm tiav. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg, txoj cai vojvoog yuav tsum tau xaiv, uas yog qhov tseeb yog tias qhov dav loj txaus. Ib lub vojvoog me me yuav siv cov khoom loj yam tsis tau faib rau lawv. Yog li ntawd, cov kab nrib pleb yuav tsim, tab sis cov array yuav tsis tawg.
Txhawm rau tsim cov qauv, siv cov ces kaum lossis steel hauv paus. Lawv raug kho ntxiv, tab sis feem ntau qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias thaum siv ib tug ntoo template tom qab nws dismantling, lub masonry yog compacted thiab shrinks. Tab sis thaum siv lub hauv paus hlau, masonry tsis sag.
Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg kuj nce ntxiv yog tias tus qauv khaws cia rau hauv qhov tsim tau ntev tom qab nws tsim. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus qauv tso rau hauv nws ib hmos. Thaum lub sij hawm no, ntoo absorbs noo noo thiab swells, thiab masonry tsis tiv kev nyuaj siab. Txhawm rau zam qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo, lub koov yog npog nrog polyethylene.
brickwork
Tiav lub koov nrog lub cib yog ua tiav tom qab smoothing qhov tsis sib xws nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb. Cov chaw kho mob yuav tsum tau primed thiab npog nrog putty. Tom qab ntawd cov kua nplaum yog npaj, uas muaj cov cement-xuab zeb puag. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntsia hlau ua kua rau tso cov cib zoo nkauj.
Kev ua haujlwm yog nqa tawm hauv qab mus, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li los ntawm kaum ntawm phab ntsa qhib. Nruab nrab ntawm cov cib tuav qhov deb ntawm 5 mm. Cov npoo yog polished nrog ib daim ntawv. ua li castsuas yog cov tshuaj dries, koj tuaj yeem ua tus tsim ntawm cov seams. Ua li no, siv lub grout ntawm yam xim uas xav tau. Nws yog sau nrog ib tug siv lub syringe. Koj tuaj yeem siv roj hmab spatula. Lub grout yog rubbed rau hauv cov seams, tab sis cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tsis txhob mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub pob zeb.
In xaus
Ua ntej koj pib ua cov pob zeb, koj yuav tsum tsim cov qauv kev txhawb nqa. 10 hli chipboard yog haum rau qhov no. Ib lub voj voog raug txiav tawm raws li tus qauv, thiab kev suav ua ntej yuav tsum tau siv. Yog tias tus qauv tsim yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov, chipboard tuaj yeem hloov nrog lub zog ntxiv.
