Hnub no, cov pob zeb pob zeb nrov heev. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus muaj zog, ruaj khov. Nws yuav tsum tau nruab rau hauv chav dej, chav ua noj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ua tiav hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev nchuav cov screed. Cov txheej no ua haujlwm. Cov kav dej lossis cov xaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov cua sov hauv qab tuaj yeem ua rau phab ntsa hauv pob zeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua tiav yog siv yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv.
Koj tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus pob zeb nrog koj tus kheej tes. Nws yuav tsum tau xav txog qhov nthuav dav ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev xav. Muaj ntau cov lus qhia txog yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau hauv pem teb kom zoo. Cov lus qhia ntawm cov kws tsim khoom yuav tau tham tom ntej.
Technology ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Yuav ua kom lub pob zeb hauv pem teb nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, koj yuav tsum xav txog tag nrho cov subtleties ntawm cov txheej txheem. Xws li lub hauv paus yuav tsim nyog ob qho tib si hauv vaj tse thiab chaw siv hluav taws xob, thiab ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov cement mortar yog nchuav yuav txawv. Lub screed yog poured mus rau hauv lub npaj av, nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb hauv pem teb. Qee zaum, nws raug tso cai los npaj ib qho screed rau ntawm ib lub tsev ntoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, mus rau lub xeev ntawm lub hauv pausua kom tau siab heev.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias pob zeb yog ib yam khoom pheej yig. Nws yog siv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Txhawm rau kom cov hauv pem teb tig los ua qhov zoo thiab ruaj khov, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim los thaum ua haujlwm zoo li no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account uas txheej txheej screed yog poured, nyob rau hauv dab tsi tej yam kev mob nws yuav tsum tau siv.
Nyob hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim lub hauv paus, cov khoom siv ntxiv yog siv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau yuav ib tug txaus tus nqi ntawm waterproofing. Nws yog polyethylene zaj duab xis. Uas yuav tsis pub cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kom ntub. Kuj tseem siv tau thaum pouring reinforcement. Fiberglass lossis reinforcing mesh tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov cement.
Lub hauv paus ntawm hauv pem teb kuj yuav tsum muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo. Rau cov hom phiaj no, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv. Thaum tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem, beacons raug ntsia rau saum npoo. Cov screed yuav nchuav nrog cov lus qhia no. Qhov no tso cai rau koj tswj hwm qib uas xav tau, tsim cov txheej txheej txawm tias tag nrho thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv paus.
Tom qab ntawd, screed ntxhib yog nchuav. Nws yog leveled thiab tso cai kom qhuav. Tom qab ntawd, qhov saum npoo yog polished. Sab saum toj txheej yog tsim los ntawm tus kheej-leveling compound. Yog li ntawd, lub pob zeb hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv lub nkas-las, tsev, outbuilding muaj zog thiab ruaj. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov khoom tsim nyog lossis sab laug raws li nws yog. Cov no yog cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Thaum tsim qee yam ntawm cov hauv paus, lawv cov npe yuav nce ntxiv.
Kev sib koom ua ke
Lub pob zeb zoo hauv pem teb yuav tsum ua kom ruaj khov. Nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog rau cov khoom tawg. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau ziab screed. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau txiav cov seams tshwj xeeb, uas yog hu ua deformation. Lawv tuaj yeem yog peb hom.
Insulating deformation seams tuaj yeem tsim ntawm screed. Lawv yuav tsum tau txiav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov pob zeb hauv pem teb yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lwm yam nto nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev. Cov no tuaj yeem yog kab, phab ntsa, partitions lossis ledges. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom qhov kev vibration ntawm hauv pem teb tsis kis mus rau cov khoom no. Yog tias qhov no tsis ua tiav, kev cuam tshuam yuav tshwm sim. Lub hauv paus yuav raug puas tsuaj ib nrab.
Kev tsim cov seams kuj tsim. Lawv raug txiav rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov cement mortar hardens unevenly. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub filling yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb passes. Kev tawg ntawm txhua qhov ntim hauv qhov no yog ntau tshaj 4 teev.
Shrinkage pob qij txha kuj yog rau qeb ntawm deformation notches ntawm qhov chaw ntawm screed. Lawv xav tau los txo cov khoom siv kev ntxhov siab thaum lub sijhawm tsis sib xws.
Koj yuav tsum tsim cov seams ua ntej cov kab nrib pleb thiab qhov tsis xws luag tshwm rau saum npoo thaum lub sij hawm shrinkage lossis vibration. Txawm li cas los xij, screed yuav tsum qhuav zoo thiab muaj zog. Qhov tob ntawm cov pob qij txha yog li 1/3 ntawm tag nrho cov tuab ntawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb. Tom qab ntawd, qhov incisions tau ntim nrog lub sealant tshwj xeeb.
Txoj kev nplawm cov screed rau hauv av
Cov pob zeb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug feem ntau nchuav rau hauv av. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug system ntawm ob peb txheej. Tib lub sijhawm, cov kev cai tshwj xeeb tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej rau cov av
Cov av uas screed yuav tsum tau motionless. Txwv tsis pub, lub pob zeb hauv pem teb yuav tawg. Qhov no tseem yuav rhuav tshem lub hauv paus. Tsis tas li ntawd, theem dej hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw. Cov chaw hauv av yuav tsum tsis txhob los ze rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj 5 m. Txwv tsis pub, hauv pem teb yuav raug dej nyab thiab puas.
txhawm rau txhim kho cov pob zeb zoo li hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum muab cov xwm txheej zoo rau nws txoj haujlwm. Lub tsev yuav tsum yog neeg nyob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv lub caij ntuj no. Chav tsev yuav tsum tau cua sov. Thaum lub caij ntuj no, cov av khov, thiab lub hauv paus pob zeb tseem yuav khov nrog nws. Yog li ntawd hauv pem teb tsis muaj zog ntxiv ntawm lub hauv paus, nws yuav tsum tau rhuab.
Yuav muab cov pem teb zoo li no tsis tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov lowlands. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los ua rau saum toj. Ntawm no av qhuav heev.
Markup
pob zeb pem teb tsuas yog ntsia tom qab cov phab ntsa thiab lub ru tsev tsim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, huab cua tej yam kev mob yuav tsis txaus ntshai rau tsim screed. Los nag tsis yog txaus ntshai rau ib qho tshiab uas tau nchuav hauv pem teb, yog tias koj npog nws nrog ib txheej ntawm polyethylene. Tab sis huab cua kub, qhuav tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov cement kom tsis txhob muaj zog.
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tsim kom tau ib qib cim uas qhov kawg hauv pem teb yuav tsum ncav cuag. Feem ntau lawv raug coj los ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rooj. Tsim ib lub hauv paus uas yog qib thiabnyob rau tib theem hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm chav.
Los ntawm qhov qis tshaj ntawm qhov qhib qhov rooj, koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb nce mus txog 1 m. Ib qho cim tau ua nyob rau theem no. Nws yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau tag nrho cov phab ntsa. Lub cim theem yuav tsum yog theem. Qhov no raug tshuaj xyuas siv qib tsev.
Tom qab ntawd, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm 1 m nqes yog ntsuas los ntawm kab kos raws tag nrho ib puag ncig. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau kos ib kab. Qhov no yuav zam kev poob qis thiab qhov chaw siab ntawm cov theem hauv pem teb. Nws yuav ua kom pom tseeb kab rov tav.
Npaj lub hauv paus
Txiav cov plag tsev yuav tsum tau npaj lub hauv paus. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tshem tawm kev tsim kho thiab lwm yam khib nyiab los ntawm qhov chaw. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ib txheej ntawm av txog 35 cm. Lub ntiaj teb no raug tshem tawm ntawm chav tsev. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj.
Cov av ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau cog lus. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau qhov qis dua uas tau tsim ua ntej. Lub vibrating phaj yog siv rau ramming. Yog tias tsis yog, koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm lub cuab yeej improvised. Tampering yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Koj yuav tsum nqa lub log. Cov tes tuav tau txuas rau nws ntawm ib sab, thiab lub rooj tsavxwm ntawm lwm qhov. Ua ke nrog ib tus neeg pab, cov av saum npoo yuav tsum tau rammed kom txog thaum tsis muaj qhov pom ntawm nws.
Thov nco ntsoov tias qee zaum qhov tob ntawm 35 cm yuav tsis txaus. Qhov no yog ua tau yog tias cov tswv tsim lub hauv paus siab sawb. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau ua lub qhov tob txog 50 cm.
khaub ncaws
Thaum kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua ib lub pob zeb, koj yuav tsum xav txogpadding theem. Nws muaj ob peb yam. Lub pob zeb yuav tsum tau muab tso ua ntej. Cov txheej yuav tsum txog li 10 cm. Nws yog moistened thiab rammed. Txhawm rau tswj lub thickness ntawm backfill, koj yuav tsum tau tsav pegs rau hauv av. Lawv yuav tsum yog ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntev. Teem lub pegs nrog ib qib. Tom qab compacting lub pob zeb, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lub txaj.
Tom ntej no koj yuav tsum ncuav ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb. Nws yuav tsum yog 10 cm. Koj yuav tsum tswj cov qib uas siv tib lub pegs. Cov xuab zeb yog moistened thiab compacted siv tib lub cuab yeej siv hauv kev ua cov av.
Muab lwm txheej ntawm cov pob zeb crushed (10 cm) rau ntawm cov xuab zeb. Nws kuj yog compacted. Yuav tsum tsis muaj cov npoo ntse ntawm rubble rau ntawm qhov chaw. Lawv yuav tsum tau tig nrog ib tug du nto. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov pob zeb crushed nrog qhov loj ntawm 40-50 mm.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev thaum ua cov hauj lwm zoo li no los tswj cov kab rov tav ntawm txhua qib. Koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov rov qab ntawm ob txheej. Nws kuj phim cov tshuab. Thawj txheej ntawm cov pob zeb crushed tsis siv rau qhov no. Koj tuaj yeem muab qib rau ntawm phab ntsa. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj yooj yim tswj theem ntawm txaj.
Hydro-, thermal rwb thaiv tsev thiab qhov cuab lub zog
Txhim cov pob zeb hauv pem teb suav nrog kev tsim ntau txheej txheej yuav tsum tau ua. Ua ntej, cov dej tsis huv yog kis tau. Nws tuaj yeem ua cov vov tsev (ntau txheej) lossis polyethylene zaj duab xis (qhov ntom 200 microns). Cov npoo yuav tsum ncav cuag lub cim saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm phab ntsa. Nws kho nrog daim kab xev.
Kev tiv thaiv dejnteg tawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Nws tuaj yeem nthuav dav av nplaum, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, pob zeb ntaub plaub. Lawv txawv ntawm tus nqi thiab cov yam ntxwv kev. Feem ntau, nthuav polystyrene yog siv (thickness tsawg kawg yog 3 cm). Cov phaj yuav tsum tau nias kom nruj rau ib leeg. Ib daim kab xev damper tuaj yeem ntsia tau ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lub tshuab cua sov hauv pem teb yuav raug teeb tsa.
Kev txhawb zog yog nteg dua thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov no yog hlau mesh nrog 10x10 mm cells. Qhov no yuav sib npaug faib cov load tshaj qhov chaw. Yog hais tias chav tsev loj, cov hlau tuav tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov mesh. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pob zeb hauv pem teb tsis tau nchuav kom txog thaum lub pob zeb txhawb nqa tau nce mus rau qhov deb ntawm 2-3 cm. Rau qhov no, siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum nruab "beacons". Lawv yuav tso cai rau koj kom tswj tau qhov xav tau qib ntawm screed thaum pouring. Cov lus qhia zoo li no tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Nws tuaj yeem yog hlau, ntoo. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1.5 m. Cov lus qhia tau muab tso rau ntawm pob zeb "buns". Lawv qib raug tshuaj xyuas tas li, yog tias tsim nyog, tswj qhov siab ntawm cov lus qhia.
Tom qab kev npaj ua haujlwm, koj tuaj yeem pib nchuav screed. Txoj haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm kaum sab xis ntawm chav tsev. Lub thickness ntawm cov pob zeb hauv pem teb yuav txawv. Feem ntau, ib tug ntxhib screed yog ua 10 cm tuab, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj ntau mortar uas nws txaus los sau tag nrho chav nrog nws. Ua ntej, ncuav cov tshuaj rau ntawm thaj tsam li 1 m² lossis ntau dua (nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm chav tsev) thiab theem nws nrog lub duav.
Air tuaj yeem sau hauv cov tshuaj. Txhawm rau tshem tawm nws, koj yuav tsum tau tho lub pob zeb nrog lub duav. Tom qab ntawd, lub pob zeb yog leveled los ntawm txoj cai. Nws yog rub los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov lus qhia. Thaum theem nres, cov lus qhia raug tshem tawm. Cov vuas muaj mortar.
Cov txheej txheem tau ua tiav kom txog thaum tag nrho cheeb tsam tau ntim nrog screed. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua moisten qhov chaw nrog dej. Txwv tsis pub, cov txheej hauv qab yuav tsis muaj sijhawm kom qhuav, thiab qhov chaw yuav tawg. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, pob zeb tau txais lub zog tsis pub dhau 4 lub lis piam (lossis ntau dua).
Ntxawm screed pouring
Lub pob zeb hauv pem teb yuav tsis zoo kawg nkaus tshwj tsis yog tias muaj cov screed zoo. Yog tias cov vuas luaj ceramic yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw, nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau sau cov nplaim nrog tus kheej-leveling compound. Hauv qhov no, cov nplais yuav tsum tau xaiv ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Rau kev ua tiav los ntawm laminate los yog linoleum, koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib qho kev ua tiav. Nws yuav thinner dua thawj txheej. Nws thickness yog 1.5-2 cm.
Qhov saum npoo yuav tiaj tus. Cov tshuaj yog npaj raws li cov neeg tsim khoom cov lus qhia. Nws yuav tsum tau poured mus rau ib tug ntxhib screed thiab leveled nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb txhuam. Nyob rau saum npoo koj yuav tsum tau taug kev nrog cov menyuam nrog rab koob. Qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov npuas npuas los ntawm kev daws. Cov txheej no dries txog ib lub lim tiam. Tom qab ntawd, qhov saum npoo yog npaj rau kev siv. Koj tuaj yeem tso nws raws li nws yog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias pob zeb yog txheej txheej txias. Yog tias cov cua sov hauv qab tsis tau teeb tsa hauv qab nws, nws yuav tsum tau npog nrog cov ntaub pua plag, laminate lossis lwm yam hauv pem teb sov.
Pob qhob rau hauv pem teb
Cov pob zeb hauv tsev yog nchuav rau saum lub qab nthab. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem yog me ntsis yooj yim dua. Tsis tas yuav tsim ib txheej los ntawm lub txaj. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov sib tshooj. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tawg lossis tawg. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, lawv yuav tsum tau kho nrog kev kho vaj tse.
Kev tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum tau muab tso rau saum npoo av. Rau qhov no, ib zaj duab xis polyethylene yog tsim, lub zog ntawm uas yuav tsum yog 200-300 microns. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia rau ntawm lub waterproofing. Nws kuj yuav tsum yog Styrofoam.
Tom ntej no, beacons raug ntsia rau saum npoo. Ib txheej 10 cm screed yog poured thiab leveled raws cov kev taw qhia, so ntawm cov kev khiav hauj lwm yuav zoo ib yam li thaum teem lub screed rau hauv av.
Nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev, ib qho hluav taws xob xaim feem ntau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej screed. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog tsim nyog los decompose waterproofing thiab reinforcing mesh rau ib txheej ntawm ntxhib screed. Cov hlau yog nteg tawm rau saum thiab lwm 3 cm ntawm cement mortar yog nchuav. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov qauv tshwj xeeb nrog cov yas yas. Nws yog qhov tsis tsim nyog rau lub hnab ntim cua los ua rau saum cov hlau. Nyob rau ntawm no, cov hlau yuav overheat. Kev ua tiav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov vuas ceramic.
Tau txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub pob zeb, koj tuaj yeem sau koj tus kheej. Lub hauv paus yuav muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.
