Lub zos da dej tuaj yeem tsim tau siv cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv, nws yooj yim heev los tsim ib lub tsev ntawm koj tus kheej. Nws yuav tsim nyog los ua rwb thaiv tsev thiab vapor barrier, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv no txoj kev koj yuav tau txais ib chav chav tsev uas yuav nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev yuav inferior rau cib architectural masterpieces.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tuam tsev thav duab tuaj yeem muab piv nrog cov cav da dej. Nws yuav yog qhov yooj yim heev los ua kom zoo li no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias piv nrog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov tuav lossis cib. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsis tsim nyog los tsim lub hauv paus loj, nrog rau kev siv cov khoom kim heev. Frame-based rustic da dej muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo, uas tau qhia nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias cov tsev zoo li no yog lub teeb yuag thiab tsis ntsws, uas tsis tuaj yeem zam nrog cov chav chav chav. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas tau hais tawm hauv cov av noo thaum lub sij hawm los nag thiab daus, dej tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv txhua qhov tawg, thiab tseem tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tus ncej. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no, koj yuav tsum sim daws nwsthawj theem ntawm kev tsim kho.
Tsim lub hauv paus
Yog tias koj txaus siab rau rustic ncej-raws li da dej, ces koj yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas lub hauv paus tsim. Cov haujlwm no tsis suav nrog kev npaj ua ntej npaj ua ntej. Qhov no yog vim qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov av ntawm qhov chaw yog heaving lossis clayey, ces nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los pib tsim lub hauv paus sawb.
Tshaj Tawm Technology
Zoo da dej feem ntau ua rau ntawm daim kab xev. Ua li no, nyob rau hauv thawj theem, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug layout, raws li ib tug trench yog khawb. Qhov tob ntawm qhov kawg yuav tsum sib npaug li 40 centimeters, thaum qhov tob yuav yog 50 centimeters. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yuav yog sau lub trench nrog xuab zeb mus rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Txhua txheej txheej yuav tsum tau zoo compacted. Txhawm rau kom zoo dua shrinkage, cov txheej yuav tsum tau watered. Txhawm rau sau lub hauv paus, koj yuav xav tau ib daim ntawv, nws qhov siab yuav tsum yog 50 centimeters, thaum qhov dav yog 30 centimeters. Lub hauv paus yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog nrog cov kav hlau thiab cov pas nrig, uas yuav ua rau cov qauv muaj zog. Tam sim no tus tswv tuaj yeem pib nchuav pob zeb, qee zaum cov haujlwm no tau ua tiav hauv ob peb txoj hauv kev, thaum yog tias koj xaj pob zeb ntawm lub Hoobkas, ces nchuav tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv ib qho mus. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv thawj qhov kev xaiv, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tsis suav nrog qhov khov ntawm yav dhau lostxheej ua ntej pouring lub tom ntej no. Tom qab cov pob zeb tau ua kom tawv, cov khoom siv vov tsev yog muab tso rau saum lub hauv paus, uas yuav ua raws li cov dej tsis sib haum ntawm cov phab ntsa.
Cov lus pom zoo
Lub tsev da dej, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, yuav tsum tau bred siv ntoo uas tau npaj kom zoo. Cov haujlwm no suav nrog cov ntoo qhuav. Yuav luag txhua hom tuaj yeem siv, tshwj tsis yog rau birch, uas rots sai heev. Cov kws tshaj lij qhia txog kev siv aspen, larch lossis linden, cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom uas tsis tshua muaj, thiab cov qauv tso cai rau lub sijhawm ntev los tswj nws cov qauv qub. Rau sab nrauv cladding, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv larch thiab ntoo thuv, thaum txhua hom ntoo haum rau kev ua haujlwm sab hauv, tab sis aspen yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub da dej, daim duab uas yuav pab tau koj tsim, yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm sab nraud nrog ib tug antiseptic, nyob rau hauv lub hauv ob sab phlu yog polished thiab npog nyob rau hauv ob txheej nrog cov rooj tog varnish. Ib qho kev zam yuav yog chav chav dej thiab dab dej, qhov uas nws tsim nyog siv impregnation tshwj xeeb. Cov hlua khi qis yog pom zoo kom tsim los ntawm cov nqaj muaj zog, nws cov hlaws tuaj yeem yog 10 x 10 centimeters. Nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum, cov ntsiab lus txuas nrog hauv ib lub hlis twg thiab ntxiv nrog rau cov rau tes. Txhawm rau kom tsis suav qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov qis qis thiab kaum cov ncej, lawv tau nruab rau ntawm cov hlau pins ntawm 2 centimeters txhua, uas tau muab tso rau hauv pob zeb. Tib beam yuav tsum tau siv los txhim kho lub sam thiaj sab sauv. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj khovthav duab ntawm da dej, braces yog ntsia rau hauv cov ces kaum ntawm tus nqi ntawm 8 daim.
Txoj kev ua haujlwm
Yog tias koj yuav tsim lub tsev da dej, cov haujlwm yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua ntej. Qhov no yuav ua rau koj nkag siab tias lub tsev twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv. Nruab nrab racks ua los ntawm kab teeb yog ntsia raws phab ntsa. Qhov hla ntawm qhov kawg yuav tsum yog tib yam li tau hais los saum toj no. Tom ntej no, cov cav rau hauv pem teb yog nteg, ua ke cov boards nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm 15 x 5 centimeters yog zoo meej raws li lawv. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm cov dej tsis zoo ntawm lub hauv paus. Sab nraud, cov phab ntsa tuaj yeem kho nrog imitation hniav clapboard, uas yuav yog qhov pheej yig tshaj thiab kev daws teeb meem yooj yim. Yog tias koj siv cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws thaum tsim chav da dej, tom qab ntawd nws yuav dhau los ua cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam, nws yuav tsis txaj muag los caw cov phooj ywg rau hauv nws. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab xaiv ib lub hauv ob sab phlu, ces nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa sab nrauv horizontally, waterproofing ua los ntawm glassine yog muab tso rau hauv lub upholstery. Tag nrho cov nplooj ntawv yog siv, uas yog overlapped. Tag nrho cov npoo yuav tsum tau nplaum nrog cov nplaum nplaum, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo li sai tau, tsuas yog ua li no koj yuav tshem tawm cov dej tsis tsim nyog los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv da dej.
Ua haujlwm ntawm kev npaj hauv pem teb
Ua ntej koj tsim da dej, cov haujlwm yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsev. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov plag tsev hauv chav da dej, mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub lag luam, xws li ob chav chav thiab chav so, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntsia hlau square beam.nrog ib sab ntawm 5 centimeters. Cov boards ntawm subfloor yog them rau saum, ces ib txheej ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ces mineral wool los, nws yuav tsum tau pw 10 centimeters tuab. Ib qho vapor barrier yog pw hauv qab cov laug cam ntawm cov hauv pem teb tiav, uas tuaj yeem ua parchment.
Kev npaj hauv pem teb hauv chav ntxhua khaub ncaws
Thaum koj tawm hauv chav da dej, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau cov plag tsev hauv chav ntxhua khaub ncaws. Ntawm no cov tshuab yuav txawv me ntsis. Yuav kom nws ib txwm nyob sov nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab qhuav sai sai, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug cais foundation nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter. Tus tswv tshem tawm ib txheej ntawm av, tob zuj zus los ntawm 0.5 meters. Pob zeb thiab xuab zeb yog nchuav rau hauv lub qhov, thaum txheej yuav tsum yog 10 centimeters tuab. Yog tias dej nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov dej zoo li no, nws yuav nkag mus rau hauv av, thiab lub qhov dej tsis xav tau. Lags rau hauv pem teb yuav yog asbestos-cement kav, txoj kab uas hla yog 10 centimeters. Lawv muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus, thiab tom qab ntawd nchuav nrog pob zeb, qhov no yuav ua rau lawv tsis hloov. Thaum da dej ua tiav sab hauv, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog nteg ib lub voj voog ncig 5 centimeters tuab, thaum muab qhov sib txawv ntawm 6-mm los ntawm kev tso cov roj hmab gaskets, lawv tau kho nrog cov ntsia hlau. Tom qab ntawd, hauv pem teb tuaj yeem nias nrog lub rooj zaum.
Kev npaj ntawm qhov tso pa tawm
Ib da dej ntiag tug, zoo li ib qho npaj rau pej xeem siv, yuav tsum muaj lub hood. Rau qhov no, siv cov yeeb nkab asbestos cement,nws txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum yog 12 centimeters, tib txoj kev koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm cov pwm hauv chav chav. Nws yuav txaus kom nqa cov yeeb nkab mus rau hauv qab nthab, thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem thiab lub cub tawg, cua kub yuav nkag mus los ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv qab lub qhov rooj mus rau hauv lub dab dej, thiab cov pa cua yuav nqus noo noo los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ob txhais taw ntawm cov uas nce siab yuav tsum sov.
Txoj kev teeb tsa truss
Yog tias koj yuav tsim ib chav da dej ntiag tug, ces koj yuav tsum xav txog dab tsi thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau nruab rau lub kaw lus. Pem teb kab teeb, nrog rau rafters, yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm cov laug cam nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm 15 x 5 centimeters. Lawv yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm ntug, kho lawv ua ke. Thaum kawg, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov rafters yuav tsum yog 10 x 12 centimeters. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauj lwm ntsug, lawv yog fastened nrog cov phuam qhwv caj dab, thaum los ntawm saum toj no cov kev sib txuas ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau muab rau cov tsim ntawm tib seem raws li ib tug ridge beam. Beams raug tso tawm sab nraud los ntawm 40 centimeters. Cov duab kos ntawm cov da dej yuav pab koj ua haujlwm kom raug, thev naus laus zis qhia tias yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke cov qauv truss rau hauv av, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau nqa thiab ntsia hauv daim ntawv tiav. Lub crate rau qhov no yog ua los ntawm cov laug cam, lub thickness ntawm uas yog 25 centimeters. Tso lub crate yog nqa ncaj qha los ntawm lub ridge.
Tus cwj pwm ntawm vapor barrier thiab rwb thaiv tsev
Koj tuaj yeem kos duab kos duab da dej koj tus kheej, dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua txawm tias ua ntej pib tsim kho. Tab sis tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa thiab lub ru tsev, koj tuaj yeem mus rauvapor barrier thiab rwb thaiv tsev. Yog tias koj ua raws li cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom, tom qab ntawd kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv Ursa yob, lub thickness ntawm 50 millimeters. Cov khoom yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm cov ncej ntsug, kho rau cov ntsia hlau. Hauv qee qhov chaw, thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia rau sab nrauv, txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsia hlau tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv, uas yog nruab nrog lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws hauv qab lub taub hau. Lub cav cabin da dej, nrog rau cov da dej raws li tus ncej, yuav tsum muaj lub vapor barrier txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib sau ntawm cov dej noo hauv cov qauv thaum qhov kub thiab txias sab hauv thiab nws yog lub caij ntuj no sab nraud. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov no yog ib zaj duab xis yas, uas yog muab tso rau hauv lub hauv ob sab phlu. Tshwj xeeb mloog yuav tsum tau them rau cov txheej txheem ntawm sheathing lub chav chav. Ntawm no nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau nteg ib tug zoo vapor barrier, piv txwv li, ntawv ci, zaj duab xis los yog glassine. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog tso tseg cov khoom siv vov tsev lossis cov vov tsev, uas, thaum cua sov, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntxhiab tsw.
Sab hauv nta
Lub tsev log, zoo li qhov tsim los ntawm tus ncej, yuav tsum ua tiav los ntawm sab hauv. Yog li, nws yuav ua tau kom tau ib yam dab tsi zoo li ib txheej ncuav mog qab zib. Ua ntej, muaj ib txheej sab nraud, ces glassine, nyob rau theem tom ntej, thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog pw, thiab tom qab ntawd - ib zaj duab xis yas. Qhov tseeb yuav yog lub hauv ob sab phlu. Lub ntsiab mob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog muab qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua, lub thickness ntawm uas yog 5 centimeters. Nws yuav tsum nyob hauv cov phab ntsa. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau chav chav dej, qhov twg cov nyhuv yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau.thermos. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau nteg cov rwb thaiv tsev nrog ntawv ci hauv chav tsev, thaum nyob hauv qab nthab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv Ursa ntawv ci, nrog rau 5 cm zoo tib yam rwb thaiv tsev. Thaum tsim lub tsev da dej rustic nrog koj tus kheej tes, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom tiav lub qab nthab thiab phab ntsa hauv chav chav nrog aspen clapboard, hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, koj tuaj yeem siv tus nplaig-thiab-groove lossis poplar linden boards.
Sab nrauv phab ntsa kho kom zoo nkauj
Kev siv plaster thiab xim tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv rau sab nrauv facades. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm chav da dej sab hauv tau piav qhia saum toj no, tab sis txhawm rau muab cov qauv zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub xws li thermal panels. Vim tias qhov kev tsim kho ib txwm siv ntawm lub thav duab da dej yuav tsum tau thermal rwb thaiv tsev, cov haujlwm no tuaj yeem nqa tau siv cov thermal panels. Lawv yog ib tug multilayer qauv, lub rwb thaiv tsev uas yog ua npuas ncauj los yog ntxhia wool. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog kaw ntawm ob txheej ntawm PVC. Sab nrauv, raws li txoj cai, yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm masonry, tom qab uas nws yog sprinkled nrog nias crumbs. Ua kom tiav lub rustic da dej nrog kev pab los ntawm thermal panels yog heev yooj yim, txij li thaum cov khoom muaj kev sib nrig sib grooves uas tso cai rau kom yooj yim installation. Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub façade yuav tsum tau ua nrog tus kheej-tapping screws uas kho cov panels rau cov profiles ntawm phab ntsa sab nraud.
Siv tig ntsej muag cib los yog sab
Yog tias koj yuav tsim lub da dej, hauv ob sab phlu rau kev ua tiav cov phab ntsa sab nraud yog zoo meej. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los nontau thiab ntau zaus, tig ntsej muag cib siv, uas tso cai rau koj los tsim ib lub masonry du uas haum rau txhua sab nrauv. Rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem tso nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsej muag cib thiab cov phab ntsa loj. Siding yog cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws thiab lub teeb tshaj plaws rau phab ntsa cladding, nws yog pheej yig, thiab nws yooj yim npaum li ua tau kom ntxiv dag zog rau nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug tau tso tseg cov ntaub ntawv plaster thiab cov pa, nyiam cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab uas tuaj yeem hloov lub tsev, ua kom nws txaus nyiam li sai tau. Koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov ua tiav qhov twg yog qhov txaus rau koj, qhov twg koj tuaj yeem nruab rau ntawm koj tus kheej.
