Ntoo yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev rau lub sijhawm ntev. Tau kawg, ntau yam khoom siv hluavtaws tau tsim, tab sis ntuj ntoo yog nyiam siv los tsim cov hauv paus, nrog rau cov khoom tiav. Ntoo railings rau cov ntaiv yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws tsis yog rau qhov zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog vim qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw.
Key design component
Hauv tsev ntiag tug, ntoo tuaj yeem siv los tsim ob lub staircase nws tus kheej thiab xis nyob, ntxim nyiam handrails. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias hom qauv thiab nws cov configuration tsis muaj teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem yog:
- ncig;
- muag;
- swivel;
- ntsej;
- combined;
- khov;
- curvilinear.
Ntoo railings rau cov ntaiv tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau nce thiab nqis ntaiv. Xws li railings kuj ntxiv ib qho kev zoo nkauj rausab hauv. Lawv pab txwv qhov chaw ntawm tus ntaiv, uas cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb.
Lawv yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv, tab sis thaum xaiv qhov zoo li yav tom ntej ntawm cov ntaiv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau txiav txim siab seb nws yuav zoo li cas rau yav tom ntej. Niaj hnub no, cov kauj ruam feem ntau tuaj yeem ntsia ncaj qha rau hauv phab ntsa, lossis lawv tsim los siv cov iav ntshiab thiab yas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xav ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab yuav tsum nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, thiab cov tswv yim ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum ua tsis zoo rau cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov tsis muaj cov txwv txwv no tsuas yog tso cai rau hauv me me ntawm cov ntaiv, uas tsis muaj ntau tshaj 5 kauj ruam. Kev txhim kho cov ntaiv yam tsis muaj tes tuav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv uas tsis tuaj yeem kho.
Yuav ua li cas rau railing?
Ntoo railings rau cov ntaiv hauv tsev muab nws ua tiav thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb txhawb nqa thaum lub sij hawm qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob / nce. Muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom lub railing du txaus kom tsis txhob muaj kev raug mob rau cov xib teg. Ua li no, nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xuab zeb los yog xuab zeb, thov 2-3 txheej ntawm cov kua roj vanish thiab kho nrog enamel.
Ntxiv rau qhov zoo li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog yav tom ntej yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov ntaiv: cov tes tuav yuav tsum yog qhov siab zoo kom cov neeg ntawm qhov siab nruab nrab tuaj yeem tuav lawv yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Raws li tus qauv: handrails tsis ua siab tshaj qhov cim ntawm 100 centimeters, yog ntsuaslos ntawm qib theem. Muaj tej lub sij hawm thaum muaj ib tug pab pawg ntawm cov ntoo railings yog tsim rau stairs npaj rau cov me nyuam.
Lawv muaj tus qauv yooj yim heev:
- handrails (dawb lossis zoo nkauj);
- txhawb cov ntawv (cov balusters tsis tu ncua lossis tig).
Cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb kom tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem poob tawm hauv lub qhov. Ib qho kev txhawb nqa ib kauj ruam yog txaus nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob siab dhau thiab cov kauj ruam yog qhov dav, thiab tseem ua rau qee qhov kev tsim qauv ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem, cov racks tau muab tso rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 10 txog 15 centimeters.
Ntxiv mus, muaj qhov nruab nrab thiab txhawb nqa balusters, thiab cov hauv paus ntawm cov ntaiv yog ua los ntawm kev txhawb nqa tuab dua li cov kev txhawb nqa thib ob uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov railing. Nws tseem tsis tsim nyog ua lub laj kab teeb ci: nyob rau hauv ib qho twg, lub tes tuav yuav tsum tiv taus qhov hnyav, txog 120 kg / m.
yuav tsum muaj dab tsi?
Ua ntej koj pib ua ntoo railings rau stairs nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum:
- kawm cov lej hauv tsev;
- xam tag nrho cov khoom siv;
- npaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, nrog rau cov tshuab ua haujlwm ntoo;
- tsim sketches, kos duab thiab tsim;
- xam qhov dav ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov ntaiv, nrog rau kev tso cov balusters ntawm lawv.
Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm beech, ntoo qhib lossis maple, uas tsis tshua muaj kev ziab thiab tawg. Ib tug ntaiv zoo li no yuav tsis pibcreak txawm tias tom qab ntau xyoo, yog tias nws tau tsim kom raug. Cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cherry, walnut, yew, rosewood lossis tshauv. Txhawm rau hais txog lub ntuj tsim ntawm cov qauv ntoo ntau dua, sim tsis txhob pleev xim rau ntawm tes, tab sis kho lawv nrog stain tam sim ntawd tom qab polishing thiab kua roj vanish lawv. Zoo zoo ntoo staircase nrog wrought hlau railings. Kev sib xyaw ntawm hlau thiab ntoo yeej ib txwm sib haum xeeb thiab nthuav.
Npaj qhia txog yuav ua li cas rau nruab ib lub railing ntawm ib lub staircase ntoo: ib txwm sim xyuas qhov ntsug thiab kab rov tav nrog lub thaiv txhawm rau txhawm rau hloov kho raws sijhawm. Yog tias qib pib swb ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, kho nws ib ntus nrog daim kab xev.
ntaiv yog dab tsi?
Tus qauv tsim ntawm cov ntaiv tsis tuaj yeem tsim cais los ntawm cov qauv dav dav ntawm tag nrho sab hauv, vim nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev zoo nkauj, thiab feem ntau nws daim npav lag luam. Stairs yog:
- sab hauv thiab sab nraum zoov;
- pabcuam, architectural, toj roob hauv pes, tsev;
- checkpoints, interfloor, nkag;
- ib leeg-lub Peb Hlis thiab ntau lub Peb Hlis;
- transformable, portable, nyob ruaj;
- rotary thiab ncaj.
Cov qhua tuaj yeem tsis mloog qee cov duab ntawm phab ntsa, tab sis lawv yuav nco ntsoov qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj los yog iav staircase. Thaum tsim ib lub staircase, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau hu rau cov kws tshaj lij architects uas yuav muaj peev xwm muab cov qauv tsim rau koj lub tsev. Ntxiv mus, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav qhia koj yam twgCov qauv tsim yuav ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws:
- ntawm lub bolts;
- on stringers;
- ntawm txoj hlua, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob ntaiv
- Cantilever stairs. Qhov kev tsim no muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, vim nws tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa pom. Thaum xub thawj, koj cov qhua yuav ntsib qee qhov kev ntxhov siab thaum lawv taug kev nce qib. Qhov tseeb, cov kauj ruam tau tuav ruaj khov rau ntawm lub dav hlau ntsug thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov hnyav. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no nyob hauv qhov chaw me me, tab sis cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tsis txaus siab siv nws. Txhawm rau nce siab dua, koj yuav tsum txwv nws nrog ntoo railings rau stairs.
- Cov qauv ntawm cov hlua khi yog tuav ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob, uas tau kho los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev no tau siv sijhawm ntev, yog li koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb ntawm nws txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau. Nws raug xaiv rau thaj chaw loj.
- ntaiv ntawm txoj hlua muaj lub teeb thiab zoo nkauj heev. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv, sib txuas nrog lub tsev thiab chav nyob ua ke. Tus ntaiv me ntsis zoo ib yam li cov hlua khi, tab sis ua los ntawm cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha.
- Ib lub staircase kauv yog siv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim kom nce tus ntaiv raws phab ntsa hauv chav. Thawj hauv pem teb yog txuas nrog qhov thib ob nrog lub qhov yooj yim. Xws li ib lub staircase nyob ib cheeb tsam me me, tab sis nws tsis yog qhov yooj yim rau txhua tus, vim hais tias ob tug neeg uas yuav taug kev ntawm ib leeg yuav ntsib teeb meem thaum sim nco ib leeg. Txawm li cas los xij, nwsKev zoo nkauj feem ntau dhau qhov tsis ntseeg, thiab cov tes tuav yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau nws.
Nyob rau hauv qhov nkag ntawm ntau-storey vaj tse los yog nyob rau hauv private tsev, txheem ntaiv yuav ua tau ib-, ob- los yog ntau-flight. Lub peb hlis ntuj yog ib feem inclined ntawm ib tug staircase nrog cov kauj ruam, uas yog kev cob cog rua los ntawm ib tug platform ntawm theem. Kev tsaws ntawm lawv muab lub sijhawm rau kev tawm mus, txav mus rau lub peb hlis ntuj tshiab lossis tig mus. Tig stairs yog:
- left;
- right;
- ob sab.
Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog kom nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntaiv, nrog rau nco ntsoov lawv cov npe, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog yam ntaiv uas koj yuav tso rau hauv koj lub tsev. Yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev txwv no:
- functional (qhov twg nws yuav coj);
- nws nyob qhov twg hauv tsev;
- design;
- khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa tau tsim (yas, ntoo, pob zeb los yog hlau).
Txhua hom ntaiv muaj nws tus kheej cov txheej txheem ntawm tes, nrog rau cov ntsiab lus txwv, nrog rau hom fastening. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav tswv yim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, vim tias lawv yuav qhia koj qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv: kua nplaum, zawj lossis zais.
Ntawm cov ntaiv nqaim, tsis pub ntau tshaj 130 centimeters, lub railing muab tso rau ntawm ib sab nkaus xwb. Nyob rau hauv ib tug dav staircase qhov twg txav nyob rau hauv lub opposite kev taw qhia yog ua tau, handrails yog ua symmetrically nrog rau lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination. Lub kaum sab xis no yuav tsum sib haum mus rau qib ntawm inclination ntawm lub davhlau ntawm ntaiv, luam nws cov geometry.
SizeLub tes tuav yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dhau, tab sis txaus los qhwv koj txhais tes nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Roundings yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov pib thiab qhov kawg ntawm cov handrails. Tag nrho cov subtleties no yeej muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev suav.
Yuav ua li cas ua ib lub ru tsev ntoo rau stairs nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes?
Ladder installation yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, complex thiab mob siab rau cov txheej txheem uas yuav ua tau zoo siab heev. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntoo railings rau stairs nyob rau hauv ib tug ntiav tsev yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm balusters. Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho tsev loj loj muaj ntau yam ntawm cov blanks thiab npaj txhij-ua Cheebtsam rau railings. Lawv yuav pab kom yooj yim heev rau lub installation ntawm tag nrho cov qauv. Qhov ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws yog chiseled balusters, uas zoo li skittles hauv lawv cov tsos. Kev tsim cov railings yav tom ntej yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li kev ua haujlwm dav dav, cov ntaub ntawv siv, nrog rau qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau ntoo.
railings yooj yim
Txhawm rau tsim qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntoo railing nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum tau txiav tawm ob lub racks los ntawm cov ntoo tiav, qhov loj ntawm qhov yuav yog 100 x 75 millimeters. Xws li cov blanks yog tsau rau sab nraum lub bowstring, nrog rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj. Tam sim ntawd xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsug nrog qib.
Kho qhov ntsug fastening nrog screws. Tom qab ntawd, raws li txoj kab ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm kev txhawb nqa nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov ncua sij hawm, ib lub khib thib peb ntawm cov ntoo yog muab tso rau. Twb tau ntawm lawv koj yuav tsum tau tso saib tag nrho cov tes tuav.
Pebblanks, qhov luaj li cas yuav yog 150 x 40 millimeters. Siv lub planer los ua haujlwm ntawm ntug kom nws sib npaug. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, qhov no yuav yog lub hauv paus rau peb tes tuav. Xws li cov laug cam yuav tsum tau nruab nrog tib lub sijhawm ntawm lawv, fastening ntawm sab nraub qaum.
Thaum txhim kho lub railing ntawm ib lub staircase ntoo, koj yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev txhawb nqa yog me ntsis siab dua li ntawm tes - txog 50 millimeters. Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem ua qhov kev txhawb nqa hauv nruab nrab raug txiav mus rau qhov loj me, thiab tag nrho saum npoo kom huv si.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj zoo nkauj?
Duab duab ntawm ntoo railings rau stairs nrog cov hniav balusters, ntau ntawm koj tau pom. Txhawm rau tsim ib lub railing hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntoo. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, tib neeg feem ntau ntsib teeb meem nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas los ua ib tug complex configuration. Txhua yam koj xav tau yog kev tshaj lij kws ntoo thiab cov cuab yeej txhim khu kev qha rau txoj haujlwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov railings thiab balusters ntawm ib lub staircase ntoo, koj tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom npaj tau los ua tshuab raws li koj xav tau. Xws li railings muaj kev txhawb nqa ntawm peb ntu. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub trapezoidal baluster yog ruaj ntseg txuas mus rau bowstrings nrog spikes. Lawv yuav tsum muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb zawj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv sab saum toj kom koj thiaj li tso tau ib tug txhawb nqa.
Tom qab ntawd, mus rau Mount Rail railing ntawm ntoo staircase, koj yuav tsum tau kho cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj rau kev txhawb nqa hauv lub chaw. Qhov no yuav yog lub taub hau uas tau tsim siv lub tshuab dhos thiab ua tib zoo sanded. Siv spikes, nws yog tsim nyogthawb nws ruaj khov rau hauv grooves. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tib zoo xyuas txhua lub caij, kho lawv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, ua ntej txav mus rau kev sib sau tag nrho cov kab ke. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem thov cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb rau cov pob qij txha thiab txuas txhua qhov chaw. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom cia cov khoom sawv ntsug thiab tsis thauj lawv nrog ib yam dab tsi rau ob peb hnub.
Nruab nrab balusters machined nrog lub tshuab dhos yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke. Cov kev txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau kho nrog dowels rau lub bowstring, carpentry kua nplaum yog siv rau hauv paus. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev txhawb nqa yog ruaj ruaj rau hauv pem teb nrog cov thauj tog rau nkoj kom cov npoo ntawm cov ntaiv tsis txav thaum thauj khoom.
Ib txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau nrog qhov zawj, uas sib haum rau qhov loj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov nruab nrab balusters, yog txuas rau bowstring, txuas nrog screws. Tom qab koj yuav tsum tau kho qhov nruab nrab khib nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev. Peb muab cov kev txhawb nqa nruab nrab nrog rau sab hauv qab rau hauv grooves ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau, lubricating lawv nrog cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb. Cov sab saum toj ntawm tag nrho cov balusters tau muab tso rau hauv qhov tseeb grooves ntawm lub tes tuav.
Yuav ua li cas ntxiv koj yuav tsum paub txog yuav ua li cas rau nruab ib lub railing ntawm lub staircase ntoo?
Txhua tus baluster yuav tsum tau txiav ua ntej kev teeb tsa ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas phim txoj kab nqes ntawm cov ntaiv. Thaum ntsuas lawv qhov ntev, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov sib txuas ntawm dowels thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov zawj: ob qho tib si hauv lub hauv paus thiab hauv tes. Hais txog tus thawj baluster, ua ntej koj nqa tawm qhov kawg fastening nrog grooves, koj yuav tsum tau xyuas cov theem. Tom qab muab tag nrho cov cim, muab qhov kawg bevel ntawm ib lub kaum sab xis. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem siv qhov ua tiav ua stencil rau lwm yam khoom.
Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau ua tiav?
How to make a wood staircase railing:
- Nyob rau hauv qhov zawj ntawm qhov qis qis, pre-lubricated nrog cov kua nplaum, peb tso ib lub teeb ntawm qhov tsim nyog thiab zoo, xyuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm txhua qhov nruab nrab balusters.
- Qhov kev txhawb nqa tsim nyog tau muab tso rau hauv qhov zawj ntawm tes. Cov kua nplaum yog siv los ua kom nrawm, txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntsia hlau ib txwm.
- thawj baluster yog muab tso rau hauv grooves uas tau npaj nyob rau hauv qis rail thiab plank, lub ntug yuav tsum tau kho nrog kua nplaum.
- Peb tso cov slats ntawm nruab nrab slats nyob rau hauv grooves ntawm tes thiab balusters, kho nrog kua nplaum. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum zoo ib yam nrog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov balusters.
- Ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no siv tib txoj kev.
- Txhim lub tes tuav rau lub rooj txhawb nqa yog ua tiav siv lub kaum hlau ntsia hlau nrog lub txiv ntoo.
- Thaum kawg ntawm tes, koj yuav tsum ua kom lub voj voog zoo.
- Thaum cov nplaum tau teeb tsa, cov tes tuav yuav muaj zog thiab npaj siv.
tsob ntoo zoo li noble, yog li koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib qhov kev xaiv no.
