Txawm hais tias cov thev naus laus zis tshiab uas ua rau kev tsim kho kev lag luam, ceramic cib tseem yog cov khoom siv rau lub tsev phab ntsa, partitions, laj kab thiab arches. Qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob: nws yog qhov ruaj khov, ua kom sov zoo, ua kom lub suab nrov hauv chav, thiab tsis tas yuav ua kom tiav cov phab ntsa sab nraud, yog tias qhov sib koom ua tau zoo nkauj. Cia peb xav seb muaj pes tsawg lub cib nyob rau hauv 1m3 ntawm masonry, yuav ua li cas thiaj nrhiav tau cov khoom tsim nyog.
"Dry" xam
Ua ntej ua lub tsev, lawv ib txwm tsim ib qhov project uas lawv nteg tag nrho cov khoom siv rau kev tsim vaj tsev. Raws li cov duab kos, kev suav ntawm cov khoom siv tau ua tiav, uas yuav qhia tias yuav tsum tau cib lossis lwm yam khoom siv, thiab tseem yuav pab txiav txim siab cov nqi ua haujlwm yav tom ntej, raws li tus nqi kwv yees ntawm tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim. Txhawm rau txo qhov poob qis, nyiaj txiag thiab cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum paub kom raug raws li qhov ua tau ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas yuav koom nrog hauv kev tsim kho.
Tseem lub cib
- Ib leeg (1, 0) - tus qauv ceramic liab lossis daj nrog qhov ntev 250x120x65 mm. Paubnws cov kev txwv, peb pom tias muaj pes tsawg lub cib nyob rau hauv 1m3: tsis suav nrog seams thiab qhov khoob - 512.
- Ib thiab ib nrab (1,5) muaj qhov siab nce: 250x120x88 mm. Yeej, cov no yog cov dawb "silicate" cib, lawv nteg tawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev, thaum lub ceev ntawm kev tsim kho yog ib qho tseem ceeb, cov tsos ntawm cov qauv no tsis txawv ntawm solemnity. 1m3 muaj 378 daim ntawm cov khoom xws li.
- Double (2,0): 250x120x138 mm. Qhov loj me ntawm cov cib no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov khoom sai sai, tab sis cov ntsiab lus zoo li no tsis yooj yim rau nruab kom zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj sib koom ua ke. Yog li ntawd, nws yog feem ntau siv rau nteg lub puab txheej ntawm phab ntsa. Muaj 255 ob chav cib hauv ib lub cubic meter.
Cov ntaub ntawv muab coj los siv rau hauv tus account tsuas yog qhov geometric qhov ntev ntawm cov masonry thiab nws cov khoom, tab sis tsis suav nrog cov seams thiab qhov khoob.
Peb suav cov tsim masonry los ntawm cubic meters
Thaum tsim cov phab ntsa, cib txuas nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev siv cov cement mortar. Nws yog nteg nrog ib txheej ntawm ib tug tej thickness txaus los xyuas kom meej adhesion thiab lub zog ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej qauv:
- rau kab rov tav - 12 hli (hauv qee qhov chaw 10-15 mm tau tso cai);
- rau ntsug seams - 10 mm (yuav ua tau 8-15 hauv qee qhov chaw).
Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me no, cov phab ntsa cib yuav siv sij hawm ntev, cov masonry yuav muaj zog thiab txhim khu kev qha. Nrog rau qhov me me ntawm cov pob qij txha los yog nrog ntau tshaj ntawm cov mortar hauv lawv, lub zog tej yam kev mob yuav tsis tau raws li, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm deformation los yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm phab ntsa.
Masonry kev tsim kho yuav tsum muaj kev tshaj lij tes:bricklayers tsim cov phab ntsa yooj yim thiab sai, kev paub tso cai rau lawv los tsim cov pob qij txha ntawm txoj cai loj yam tsis muaj teeb meem ntau. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab los tsim cov qauv cib ntawm koj tus kheej, nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau dua.
Tam sim no cia peb xam seb muaj pes tsawg lub cib hauv 1m3 ntawm masonry, suav nrog qhov khoob ntawm cov seams:
- ib leeg - 394 daim;
- ib thiab ib nrab cib yuav xav tau 302 yam;
- ob - 200 daim.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov cib xav tau rau tag nrho lub tsev, tab sis tsuas yog koom ncaj qha rau hauv kev tso.
Kev nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ntawm lub thickness ntawm tus qauv
Raws li koj paub, muaj ntau hom masonry, kev hnav khaub ncaws ntawm cib hauv lawv txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum xav txog lub thickness ntawm phab ntsa. Nrog cov ntim me me, qhov no tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, nrog qhov dav dav, qhov yuam kev ntawm kev suav yuav mus rau sab thiab yuav tsis muaj cov khoom txaus.
Lwm txoj hauv kev los txiav txim siab qhov ntim ntawm cib hauv 1m3 ntawm masonry yog siv qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov square meter ntawm sab saum npoo ntawm phab ntsa.
Txhawm rau pab txhawb txoj haujlwm, ntawm no yog lub rooj uas qhia txog kev vam khom ntawm cov cib ntawm cov tuab ntawm cov masonry.
| Ntau lub cib, pcs | Thickness nyob rau hauv cib (construction designation) | Phab ntsa thickness, mm | ||
|
Single (1, 0) |
Ib nrab ib nrab (1, 5) | ob (2, 0) | ||
| 51 | 39 | 26 | 0, 5 | 120 |
| 102 | 78 | 52 | 1,0 | 250 |
| 153 | 117 | 78 | 1,5 | 380 |
| 204 | 156 | 104 | 2,0 | 510 |
| 255 | 195 | 130 | 2,5 | 640 |
Piv txwv li, cia peb txiav txim siab pes tsawg lub cib hauv 1m3 ntawm phab ntsa masonry 5 meters ntev, 2.7 meters siab thiab 510 mm dav:
1) Pom thaj tsam ntawm phab ntsa: 5 x 2, 7=13.5 m2.
2) Peb tab tom nrhiav tus nqi hauv lub rooj - rau ib lub cib ntsa, qhov noj ib 1m2 yog 204 daim.
3) Nrhiav tag nrho: 13.5204=2754 pieces.
Ib yam li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los suav tag nrho cov qauv pob zeb, yog li koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov khoom siv uas xav tau kom raug raws li qhov ua tau.
Tsis txhob hnov qab npaj khoom
Ceramic - cov khoom siv yog cov khoom tawg yooj yim, thaum hloov mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm bricklayer, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg ob peb cib. Losses kuj tshwm sim thaum sib cais ib lub pob zeb rau hauv fragments rau nteg tawm kawg fragments los yog complex duab. Yog li ntawd, thaum xam tus nqi uas yuav tsum tau, coj mus rau hauv tus account tej zaum yuav poob thiab coj cov khoom nrog ib tug margin - tsawg kawg yog 5-7% ntawm tag nrho cov. Thaum erecting complex qauv los yog sivtxoj kev sib yuav, kev sib yuav nce mus rau 15-20%.
Yog li, txhawm rau txiav txim siab pes tsawg lub cib hauv 1m3 ntawm masonry, koj xav tau:
- txiav txim siab qhov ntim thiab thaj chaw ntawm phab ntsa;
- xaiv txoj kev ua vaj tse;
- Yuav ua li cas poob nyiaj.
Thaum koj paub qhov kawg tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem yooj yim xam tus nqi ntawm kev tsim lub pob zeb los ntawm kev xaiv cov neeg muab kev ntseeg siab.
Pab pawg neeg muaj kev paub zoo ntawm txheej txheej kuj tseem yuav pab txuag cov cib hauv 1m3 ntawm kev tso, vim tias tus tswv txhais tes feem ntau ntseeg tau thiab paub txog lawv txoj kev lag luam.
