Yuav ua li cas thiab nrog dab tsi rau plaster phab ntsa thiab nws puas tsim nyog ua nws txhua? Lo lus nug no tau ntsib los ntawm txhua tus neeg uas kho lossis tsim lub tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev thiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tiav, qhov zoo ntawm qhov yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm cov qauv uas npog nrog plaster thiab zaus ntawm nws cov kev kho. Tso kev ua haujlwm rau cov kws tshaj lij lossis ua tiav koj tus kheej - nyob ntawm koj lub peev xwm thiab lub sijhawm, ntau thiab ntau tus tswv ntawm thaj chaw lawv tus kheej ua haujlwm. Yog li dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau phab ntsa plaster?
Hom thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm plaster mix
Kev tsim kho kev lag luam muaj ntau yam qhuav thiab npaj txhij rau kev ua tiav. Qhov zoo ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem yog qhov yooj yim - koj tsis tas yuav sib tov txhua yam, qhib lub pob thiab pib ua haujlwm. Tab sis cov khoom siv no yuav raug nqi ntau dua li cov khoom siv qhuav qhuav, uas yuav tsum tau npaj ntawm nws tus kheej. Tag nrho cov pob khoom ntawm cov khoom tiav tiav muaj cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau kev npaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem no tsis ua rau muaj kev nyuaj, txawm tias tus neeg siv tsis tau paub txog tuaj yeem ua tau.
Raws li cov khoom ntawm cov plaster muab faib ua2 pawg tseem ceeb: cement thiab gypsum. Cement thiab cement-xuab zeb mortars yog siv rau plastering sab nrauv phab ntsa, facades, industrial thaj chaw. Gypsum yog qhov zoo rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv.
Hom plaster sib tov los ntawm qhov zoo
- Yooj yim. Nws yog siv rau hauv ob peb txheej hauv cov chav uas tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntxiv. Cov no yog cov cement thiab cement-sand mortars.
- Txhim kho. Nws yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw, chaw ua haujlwm, pej xeem thaj chaw. Qhov no yog siv los siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hauv ntau theem, qhov sib xyaw ntawm qhov sib xyaw no suav nrog cov tshuaj uas txhim kho cov txheej txheem zoo.
- zoo heev. Raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov qhuav los yog npaj ua kom zoo nkauj plaster ua kom tiav cov phab ntsa ntawm cov feem me me uas siv cov xim thiab / lossis kev ntxhib los mos.
Hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj niaj hnub no, siv cov phab ntsa sib xyaw ua ke, thaum cov cement-xuab zeb muaj pes tsawg leeg yog siv rau ntawm phab ntsa nrog cib los yog blocks rau theem saum npoo, thiab nyias gypsum plaster yog pw saum nws hauv qab phab ntsa lossis zoo nkauj kho kom zoo nkauj li topcoat.
Puas yuav tsum tau plastered?
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua kom cov phab ntsa thiab chav saib zoo thiab huv si. Yog hais tias chav tsev muaj cov phab ntsa thiab tsis xav tau theem, piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm kho kom zoo nkauj, koj tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj plastering loj, thiab txwv koj tus kheej kom tsuas yog puttying thiab / lossis priming rau wallpaper lossis painting.
Facades tuaj yeem ua tiav rau lwm txoj hauv kev (cladding nrog facadecib lossis ventilated systems: panels, vuas ntawm profiles). Yog tias cov phab ntsa tau plastered yav dhau los, ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv cov tsev qub, cov txheej plaster raug tshem tawm tag nrho los yog hauv cov khoom tawg thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab yog siv, qee zaum cov cement-xuab zeb sib xyaw ntawm cov tuab me me yog siv rau saum toj los txuas ntxiv thiab theem saum npoo rau pleev xim.
Leej twg tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm plaster?
Txij li thaum siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tsis pheej yig (los ntawm 500 rubles / sq. M rau cov cement thiab los ntawm 300 rubles / sq. M rau gypsum plaster), yog li peb plaster phab ntsa nrog peb tus kheej tes, yog tias lub sijhawm tso cai.. Ntxiv rau, nws yuav pab kom cov peev nyiaj mus ntxiv.
Pib nrog, peb txiav txim siab qhov kev daws teeb meem rau plaster phab ntsa yog qhov tsim nyog ntau dua nyob rau hauv ib rooj plaub tshwj xeeb:
- Rau facades thiab sab nrauv phab ntsa, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov cement thiab cement-sand mortars. Tom qab hardening, cov chaw zoo li no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud ntawm cov nag, qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, daus, thiab kev sib tsoo tshuab. Feem ntau plastered phab ntsa yog them nrog facade xim, ces lub tsev tau txais ib tug zoo huv si thiab elegant tsos, tab sis ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv cov xim zoo nkauj uas yuav resistant rau sab nraud influences.
- Cement thiab xuab zeb compositions kuj haum rau kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Yog tias thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam, ces cov phab ntsa plastered tsis raug rau kev ua tiav ntxiv.
Cov phab ntsa hauv cov tsev thiab chaw ua haujlwm tau them nrog cov cement-xuab zeb mortar nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim kho lossis kev kho loj, thaum tsim nyog los nkaum qhov tsis sib xws loj,tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov blocks lossis cib. Raws li txoj cai, xws li txheej txheej yog lub hauv paus rau:
- Insulation ntawm phab ntsa, fab.
- Ntxiv ntxiv nrog plaster compositions.
- Wallpapering.
- Tiling.
Qhov zoo dua rau cov phab ntsa plaster hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, xam pom.
Npaj cov khoom thiab cov cuab yeej
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum khaws cov khoom tsim nyog thiab cov khoom siv kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem thiab cuam tshuam hauv cov txheej txheem. Rau kev ua haujlwm koj yuav xav tau:
- Dry mix thiab dej los yog npaj mix.
- Xaiv nrog tov khoom txuas rau kev sib tov sib xyaw.
- ntsuas dej thiab steelyard.
- Stucco mesh los muab rigidity ntawm ib txheej tuab (hauv qab daus, facades).
- Dowels, self-tapping screws rau kho daim phiaj ntawm phab ntsa.
- Lighthouses (tshwj xeeb profiles rau txawm thov mortar hla tag nrho lub dav hlau ntawm phab ntsa).
- txiab hlau rau txiav mesh thiab lighthouses.
- Daim kab xev ntsuas kom raug ntsuas qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab qhov nrug ntawm beacons.
- Npaj qib thiab cov kav dej nrog xov.
- Puncher rau qhov drilling qhov rau dowels.
- Tus cwj mem (thickened) rau kos.
- Tiav rau pov mortar rau ntawm phab ntsa (nrog phau ntawv pov tseg).
- Txoj cai rau qib kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov beacons.
- Tshuaj ntawm spatulas rau qib plaster.
- Semi-trowel rau theem cov cement-xuab zeb tiav txheej.
- hnab looj tes tiv thaiv tes.
- Saib rautaug qab lub sij hawm ntawm kev sib tov thiab mortar teem.
Npaj qhov chaw ua haujlwm
Tom qab koj tau txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum pib npaj cov phab ntsa rau kev ua haujlwm. Ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm, cov phab ntsa yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si ntawm cov plua plav, av, txawv teb chaws thiab protruding ntsiab. Yog hais tias qhov saum npoo yog tiaj tus thiab du, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua serifs kom zoo dua adhesion ntawm mortar rau phab ntsa.
Txhim kho plaster mesh
Thaum plastering facades, hauv qab daus, qhov twg ntxiv rwb thaiv tsev thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm ib txheej tuab yog tsim nyog, ib tug plaster mesh yog txuas rau lub hauv paus primed. Nws tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb thaum lub sij hawm shrinkage ntawm lub tsev thiab tsis pub cov mortar kis.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txuas daim phiaj rau phab ntsa, tab sis tus nqi pheej yig tshaj plaws rau kev siv hauv tsev yog qhov no: cov dowels txuas nrog cov hlau hauv Z-puab, yog li qhov ze tshaj plaws haum rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm tau ua kom ntseeg tau. Dowel-nails yog tsau nyob rau hauv increments ntawm txog 15 cm. fastening yog ua los ntawm hauv qab mus rau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub mesh tau kho nrog cov khoom zoo ntawm cov hlau beacon: profile fragments 2 cm ntev yog screwed rau lub mesh nrog tus kheej-tapping screws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub trimmings ntawm lub lighthouse yog hloov pauv rau dowel-nails.
teeb tsa beacons
txheej txheem no yuav xyuas kom meej tias cov mortar yog siv sib npaug ntawm tag nrho lub dav hlau ntawm phab ntsa.
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov beacons uas nyob ib sab yuav tsum yog ob peb centimeters tsawg dua,tshaj qhov ntev ntawm txoj cai.
Kos npe pib ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm qhov deb ntawm 15-20 cm. Qhov rau dowels yog ua rau ntawm txoj kab kos ntsug. Tsis tas li ntawd, siv cov theem lossis cov kav dej, muab cov dowels rau ntawm tus kheej tapping screws nyob rau hauv tib lub dav hlau kom cov phab ntsa du yam tsis muaj te.
Ntxiv mus, ib qho me me ntawm mortar yog siv rau cov kab nruab nrab ntawm cov fasteners los kho cov beacons, ces los ntawm nias txoj cai, lub beacon yog ntsia rau hauv lub kaus mom ntawm lub screws. Cov tshuaj protruding yog smeared los yog tshem tawm. Tom qab txhim kho ob peb beacons, xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm lub installation. Tom qab ob peb teev, phab ntsa yog npaj rau plastering.
Phab ntsa plastering tshuab
Cia peb xav txog yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa nrog cement mortar. Peb npaj cov tshuaj raws li cov lus qhia ntawm lub pob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb siv lub steelyard thiab ntsuas dej txhawm rau txhawm rau saib xyuas qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom. Kev sib tov yog ua tiav nrog lub laum nrog lub tov khoom.
Peb plaster cov phab ntsa raws cov beacons zoo li no: siv lub trowel, peb pov cov mortar rau ntawm phab ntsa sib npaug ntawm tag nrho cov dav hlau thiab, siv txoj cai, theem nws. Siv spatulas, peb kho me me irregularities. Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum tau siv ib tug loj txheej ntawm mortar, koj yuav tsum ua qhov no nyob rau hauv ob peb theem nrog thinner txheej, txwv tsis pub cov tuab txheej yuav tsum tau poob los yog ntws.
Yog tias tsis xav ua tiav ntxiv, nws raug nquahu kom grout. Ua li no, tib txoj kev daws yog diluted nrog dej mus rau lub xeev creamy, thov rau qhuav plaster thiab rubbed nrogsiv trowel.
Yog hais tias tom qab ua tiav yog implied (puttying los yog wallpapering tam sim ntawd), lub qhuav plastered nto yog ntxuav nrog sandpaper kom tshem tawm cov irregularities thiab ib tug kab ntawm spatulas thiab primed nrog tshwj xeeb compounds.
Lub thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa nrog cement-xuab zeb mortar. Lwm hom plaster txheej yog siv rau hauv txoj kev zoo sib xws.
YGypsum plasters
Tam sim no cia peb saib yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa nrog gypsum plaster.
Tsis zoo li cov cement mortar, gypsum plaster feem ntau yog siv los ua txheej txheej hauv kev ua tiav, vim tias nws muaj cov seem zoo dua thiab muab cov phab ntsa zoo ib yam, zoo-groomed tsos, nws tuaj yeem ua xim thiab textured.
Tsis tas li ntawd, gypsum plaster tuaj yeem siv los ua lub hauv paus rau kev ua tiav ncaj qha rau ntawm phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, daim ntawv thov technology tseem zoo ib yam: ntxuav lub nto, priming, tso beacons, thov cov tshuaj. Gypsum compounds yog siv sib dua li cov cement, qhov kev ua haujlwm no yooj yim los daws. Yeej, gypsum plasters yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhuav mix, kev npaj ntawm kev ua hauj lwm muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tsis txhob ua teeb meem - cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws yog nyob txhua qhov chaw txuas.
Ntau zaus, gypsum plasters tsim ib txheej nyias ntawm cov cement-xuab zeb txheej, yav tas los primed nws.
Peb plaster phab ntsa nrog peb tus kheej tes kuj nrog cov khoom zoo nkauj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj xav muab cov phab ntsa ib qho txawv txawv. Muaj cov yas tshwj xeeb uas koj tuaj yeem siv tau tshaj plawstxawv textures thiab ornaments.
Kev xaiv yog koj li
Yuav ua li cas plaster phab ntsa - txhua tus neeg xaiv tus kheej. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum xaiv cov khoom siv yog coj mus rau hauv tus account cov xwm txheej uas nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm kom tsis muaj teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, cov cement mortars yog universal thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txhua qhov chaw, tab sis rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv lawv feem ntau xav tau txheej txheej ntxiv. Phab ntsa nrog cement-xuab zeb cladding yog lav kom tiv taus ntau yam kev tshem tawm cov qauv. Gypsum plaster yuav ua rau koj cov phab ntsa zoo dua, zoo dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev thov, tab sis yog tias nws raug xaiv los ua txheej txheej, nws tuaj yeem nyuaj rau dai cov txee vim qhov muag ntawm plaster, txawm tias nws yuav tuav tau zoo.
Txawm li cas los xij, plastered nto ib txwm siv sijhawm ntev, txoj kev ua tiav cov phab ntsa thiab chav no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab muaj ntau yam. Yuav ua li cas rau plaster phab ntsa - xaiv ntse!
