Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj npaj, ntau qhov kev xav tau raug tsim los ntawm cov plag tsev ntawm cov tsev thiab cov qauv. Cov no yog lub zog, qhov sib npaug, qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb load, qib ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, thiab lwm yam.
piav qhia dav dav ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav
Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus nqi, kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nrawm ntawm kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb yog qhov tso ntawm cov pob zeb ua pob zeb, uas muab kev sib luag zoo meej thiab hnav tsis kam. Txawm li cas los xij, hom hauv pem teb no muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo - qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm ib chav tsev thiab qis qis ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev thoob plaws hauv qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw. Nthuav cov av nplaum screed, uas yog ib qho sib sib zog nqus pob zeb, khaws qhov zoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Txoj kev tau txais cov av nplaum nthuav dav rau hauv pem teb screed yog qhov yooj yim thiab txawv ntawm cov pob zeb classic, uas muaj cov cement, xuab zeb, dej thiab pob zeb crushed, tsuas yog hauv cov av nplaum uas nthuav dav yog siv los ntawm cov pob zeb crushed. Nws muaj daim ntawv gravel nrog ib tug ntxeem tau qauv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug oval ntawm ntau feem ntawm 5 mus rau 40 mm, nws yog tsim industrially, los ntawm firing av nplaum los yog nws derivatives. Lub variability ntawm nthuav av nplaum feem yog txiav txim los ntawm hom ntawmkev tsim kho. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog siv rau kev tsim cov av nplaum nthuav dav thiab tsim cov blocks, qhov nruab nrab yog siv rau kev rwb thaiv tsev ntau ntawm cov plag tsev thiab qab nthab, qhov loj yog siv rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm outbuildings thiab cua sov mains.
Hom thiab Scope ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog qhov dav heev thiab nyob ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau hom khoom, qhov ceev ntawm cov granules, daim ntawv thov thiab solidity. Tag nrho cov cim no yog tus qauv tsim los ntawm hom (piv txwv li, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb M100), uas txiav txim siab txog chav kawm ntawm nws daim ntawv thov thiab txawv ntawm 35 txog 100 kg / cm²:
| Qib ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav | Scope of application |
| M50 | Kev npaj cov qauv thauj khoom, kev tsim kho sab hauv tsev |
| M75 | erection ntawm load-bearing qauv hauv kev tsim kho vaj tse thiab kev lag luam |
| M100 | kub khi |
| M150 | tsim cov av nplaum nthuav dav |
| M200 | nthuav pob zeb thaiv thiab pem teb slabs |
| M300 | txhim kho cov qauv engineering nrog lub sijhawm hnyav hnyav |
Muab rau hauv tus account, qhov ceev ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog ib qho tseem ceeb yam ntxwv, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov piv ntawm huab hwm coj mus rau ntim ntawm cov khoom.thiab muaj kev txwv los ntawm 700 mus rau 1400 kg / cm². Feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov tsev qub thiab tsis qub heev kev tsim kho, rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov laj thawj (piv txwv li, unskilled installation), muaj ib tug tseem ceeb sib txawv nyob rau hauv pem teb theem ntawm cov chav nyob ib sab, thiab tej zaum txawm nyob rau hauv tib chav tsev. Leveling mus rau ib theem siv cov pa cement-xuab zeb screed tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov hnyav ntawm cov kabmob ntawm lub tsev, uas yog qhov tsis xav tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau ntau lub tsev.
Vim qhov porosity ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav, qhov ntom ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog qhov tsawg dua qhov ntom ntawm cov pob zeb hnyav, uas txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Kev nce qhov feem pua ntawm cov cement hauv cov av nplaum nthuav dav ua rau lub zog ntawm cov qauv, txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov nce ntxiv (txog 1.5 npaug) hauv qhov hnyav ntawm pob zeb. Raws li, qhov siab tshaj plaws tau txo qis ntawm cov cement feem ntawm cov khoom tso cai rau txo nws qhov hnyav volumetric. Hauv qhov no, qib ntawm Portland cement siv hauv nws cov khoom yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 400.
Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv cov av nplaum nthuav dav
Thiab nws tsis poob hauv dej, thiab tsis hlawv hauv hluav taws. Tsawg thermal conductivity txiav txim siab qhov kub kub tsis kam ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav, uas txhais tau hais tias cov khoom siv mus ntev rau qhov kub thiab txias. Txawm tias qhov kub siab tshaj 1000 ° C, cov av nplaum nthuav dav khaws nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov khoom qhia nws tus kheej zoo heev thaum raug cov dej noo. Tsis zoo li cov pob zeb, uas tau tsau nrog dej thaum lub sij hawm Frost, raug rhuav tshem, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb muaj kev tiv thaiv siab Frost, uas yog, muaj peev xwm ua tau.khov thiab thaw rov qab tsis poob lub zog.
Lwm yam tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab xaiv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav ua cov khoom siv rau cov pob zeb yog nws cov phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Nws tsis emit tej yam teeb meem xws li thaum raug mus rau ib qho kev txhoj puab heev ib puag ncig, los yog dhau sij hawm, los yog thaum puas tag. Qhov no piav qhia txog kev xaiv ntawm nws ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab rwb thaiv tsev nyob hauv thaj chaw nyob.
Npaj lub hauv paus rau nchuav hauv pem teb nrog nthuav av nplaum pob zeb
Yog tias cov screed tau ua dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm thiab ntom ntom, tom qab ntawd theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem hla. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau pouring yog ua ncaj qha rau hauv av, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus yog yuav tsum tau. Qhov saum npoo yog leveled thiab ua tib zoo compacted, lub pits yog them nrog xuab zeb, lub protrusions yog knocked down rau uniform nteg ntawm lub hauv ncoo. Lub hauv ncoo yog ib txheej ntawm xuab zeb txog 2-3 cm thiab ib txheej ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav los yog crushed pob zeb 3-5 cm tuab, los yog ntau tshaj, mus txog rau theem ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntshab puag. Tom ntej no, ib zaj duab xis yas los yog cov khoom siv vov tsev yog nteg rau waterproof rau yav tom ntej screed, masonry mesh yog mounted thiab beacons yog ntsia.
Hom thiab txoj hauv kev siv cov av nplaum nthuav dav
Tom tau hais txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav, nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, cia peb sim nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas sau hauv pem teb kom zoo siv cov khoom siv no. Kev xaiv ntawm hom nthuav av nplaum pob zeb screed nyob ntawm seb hom ntawm lub hauv paus uas nws yogyog tsim, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog uas pem teb screeds yuav ua tau peb hom. Cia peb saib ib leeg.
Qhia screed
Nthuav av nplaum pob zeb yog sib npaug thiab tsis muaj cov cement-xuab zeb sib tov muab faib ua ntej npaj, ntxuav thiab compacted puag saum npoo, tsis ncav cuag 2 cm mus rau theem qis ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo. Lub thickness ntawm hauv pem teb screed nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau degree ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Tom ntej no, tag nrho cheeb tsam yog nchuav nrog cov mis nyuj cement, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov cement nrog cov dej ntau yam tsis ntxiv xuab zeb. Cov txheej txheem no yuav txhim kho cov av nplaum nthuav dav thiab npog cov pob zeb nrog cov txheej tiv thaiv nyias uas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws los ntawm kev ua tiav screed, uas yuav muab lub zog ntxiv rau hauv pem teb. Tom qab ntawd, ib txwm nyias screed yog ua. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov ceev ntawm kev teeb tsa, qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm qhov chaw.
Nrog rau qhov kev xaiv no, dej ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj kom lub teeb thiab cov av nplaum nthuav dav ntab mus rau saum npoo tom qab nchuav cov screed. Lub hardening ntawm pob zeb yuav siv sij hawm ntev me ntsis, tag nrho cov muab tub lim yog concentrated nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub screed. Qhov zoo muaj xws li tus kheej-leveling ntawm qhov sib tov. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov ziab kom ntev ntev, qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau coated kom tsis txhob muaj cov xau, nrog rau cov tom ntej nto screed, yog tias tsim nyog, kom tau txais qhov chaw du. Attics thiab outbuildings feem ntau yog insulated li no.
Semi-dry screed
Ntau tshajib hom ntawm nthuav av nplaum pob zeb pavement, uas yog zoo tib yam rau cov pa ua vaj tse nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tsim txoj kev. Rau qhov tseeb sau ntawm hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nthuav av nplaum pob zeb M100 yog siv. Hauv nws qhov chaw tsim khoom, nthuav av nplaum ntawm thawj feem nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 5-10 mm. Cov proportions ntawm cov sib tov yog raws li nram no: 1 feem ntawm Portland cement qib 400 - 3 qhov chaw ntawm xuab zeb - 4 qhov chaw ntawm nthuav av nplaum. Raws li tus nqi ntawm cov dej, qhov ntsuas no yuav tsum tau xaiv ib tus zuj zus, nyob ntawm seb cov dej noo ntawm cov xuab zeb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom ua tiav qhov sib xws uas cov granules ntawm cov khoom yuav tsis ntab rau saum npoo, uas ua rau smoothing nyuaj, tib lub sij hawm, lub mortar yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav dhau, vim qhov no nyuaj rau nws installation thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kev tsim. ntawm voids thiab tawg nyob rau hauv qhov loj ntawm screed.
Lub mortar yog tov nyob rau hauv ib lub pob zeb tov los yog nyob rau hauv lub thawv loj. Kev siv lub tshuab nozzle yog qhov teeb meem loj heev vim yog qhov me me hauv ib pawg, thiab qhov no ua rau tso ntev, cov tshuaj hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv, thiab cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog faib tsis sib npaug hauv cov pob zeb loj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom xyaw sib txawv tau piav qhia hauv ntau txoj kev, tab sis hauv kev xyaum, qhov no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog qhov kev daws teeb meem yog qhov sib xws thiab cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau npog tag nrho nrog cov ntawv khi.
Thickness of floor screed
Cov tshuaj yog thov sib npaug ntawm tag nrho cov saum npoo kom npog, thaum lub sijhawm yuav tsum tau ntsib - qhov tuab ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav hauv pem teb screed yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 3 cm, feem ntau nws yog 4-6 cm. xaivqhov tseeb qhov sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj, ces qhov saum npoo yuav tig tawm kom zoo txawm tias thiab txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog grout nws ib hnub tom qab tso. Qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev txheej txheej no yog qhov pom tseeb - muaj peev xwm siv nws rau txhua hom hauv pem teb thiab qab nthab. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov siv zog ua haujlwm siab, siv cov beacons thiab xav tau kom tiav grout.
