Cov plag tsev hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug feem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb. Qhov no embodiment tsis yog tsuas yog yooj yim, tab sis kuj pheej yig. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua txoj haujlwm no, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum siv tsis yog pob zeb, tab sis, tejzaum nws, av nplaum. Qhov nrov hauv pem teb no yog vim qhov tseeb tias pob zeb yog ib qho khoom siv pheej yig thiab ruaj khov. Nws yooj yim ua rau koj tus kheej. Cov hauj lwm tsis koom nrog kev koom tes ntawm kev pab cuam, uas txo tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Yuav tsum tau npaj rau hauv av
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov pob zeb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, nws yuav tsum tau muab cov av uas muaj cov yam ntxwv. Cov av yuav tsum qhuav, thiab rau cov av hauv av, lawv yuav tsum nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm 5 meters lossis ntau dua. Cov av yuav tsum tsis txhob ua yam ntxwvkev txav mus los. Cov pob zeb hauv pem teb feem ntau yog nruab thaum lub tsev muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm hauv qab daus los yog hauv qab daus. Lub tsev yuav tsum yog qhov chaw nyob, uas qhia tau hais tias muaj cua sov, txij li thaum lub caij ntuj no cov av khov los ntawm, thiab qhov no ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv lub hauv paus thiab deformation ntawm cov qauv.
Txoj kev nchuav rau hauv av
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho cov pob zeb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom tiav tag nrho cov kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa thiab ru tsev. Thaum xub thawj, nws yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm txog kev kos cim ntawm theem hauv pem teb, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm thiab cog cov av. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, gravel, xuab zeb thiab crushed pob zeb yog nteg. Yuav tsum tau ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm xws li "pie" yuav tsum tam sim no hydro- thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Ntawm lwm yam, nco ntsoov saib xyuas ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ib txheej reinforcing. Nyob rau theem tom ntej, cov lus qhia thiab cov qauv formwork raug teeb tsa, thiab tom qab ntawd pob zeb yog nchuav. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias lub pob zeb yuav tsum tau leveled.
Markup
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab npaj cov plag tsev hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, ces koj yuav tsum tau qhia txog qib xoom. Nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li hauv qab ntawm lub qhov rooj. Cov cim no yuav tsum raug xa mus rau txhua phab ntsa. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau muab lub cim rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm theem ntawm 1 m ntawm hauv qab ntawm qhov rooj. Tom qab cov cim yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov perimeter, twb los ntawm lawvntsuas thiab taw qhia txog 1 meter nqes. Cov kab tshwm sim yuav dhau los ua qib xoom, uas cov pob zeb hauv pem teb yuav raug nchuav. Txhawm rau kom koj tuaj yeem yooj yim taug kev raws txoj kab no hauv cov ces kaum ntawm chav tsev, nws raug nquahu kom rauj rau cov rau tes thiab rub ib txoj hlua ntawm lawv.
Kev ntxuav thiab cog cov av
Cov pob zeb hauv av hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug yuav tsum tau nruab tsuas yog tom qab tshem tawm lawm. Ntawm lwm yam, cov av yuav tsum tau compacted. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv khib nyiab, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm cov txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov av, uas yog hu ua fertile. Lub hauv paus rau hauv av yog ib hom "pie", lub thickness yuav yog kwv yees li 35 cm. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov av txheej mus rau theem kom txog rau thaum qhov siab ntawm xoom kos rau saum npoo ntawm cov av yog sib npaug. mus rau lub thickness ntawm tus qauv.
Tom qab lub npoo ntawm cov av yuav tsum tau compacted. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav siv lub phaj vibrating. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv no, ces siv lub cav zoo tib yam. Los ntawm saum toj no, koj yuav tsum tau ntsia cov leeg rau nws, thiab sim ua kom cov av nrog qis qis. Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau txais ib qho kev sib tw, ntom ntom uas nws yuav muaj peev xwm txav mus los tsis muaj qhov cim tseg. Nws yuav tshwm sim tias cov av theem qis dua 35 cm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ib feem me me ntawm cov av txheej, ces compact thiab sau lub nto nrog xuab zeb. Ntxiv compaction yog nqa tawm raws li saum toj no technology. pob zeb pem tebnyob rau hauv av nyob rau hauv ib tug ntiav tsev yuav tsum xav tias muaj ib tug waterproofing txheej. Txhawm rau ua kom cov dej-tiv taus cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv, ib txheej ntawm av nplaum tuaj yeem muab tso rau saum cov av, uas yog them nrog xuab zeb. Nws raug nquahu kom moisten me ntsis thiab cog cov av nplaum, qhov no yuav tsum tsis txhob nkag mus rau hauv av.
Tom qab txheej txheej tau muab tso tseg, koj tuaj yeem pib npaj cov khoom siv rov qab, rau qhov no koj yuav tsum siv pob zeb. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej, lub thickness ntawm uas yog 7 cm, lub substrate yuav tsum tau poured nrog dej thiab compacted zoo. Yuav kom tswj tau yooj yim dua lub thickness ntawm txheej, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los tsav pegs rau hauv paus av nyob rau hauv ob peb kab, uas yuav tsum tau leveled. Tom qab rov ua dua thiab rov ua kom tiav, cov pegs tuaj yeem muab pov tseg. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum sau rau hauv cov xuab zeb thiab kuj compact nws zoo. Nws thickness yuav tsum yog kwv yees li ntawm 10 centimeters. Yuav kom tswj tau yooj yim, tib lub crampons yuav tsum tau siv. Txhawm rau cog cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nchuav nrog dej. Rau lub hom phiaj no, koj tuaj yeem siv ravine xuab zeb, uas muaj txhua hom impurities. Ib txheej ntawm cov pob zeb crushed yuav tsum tau muab tso rau saum cov xuab zeb, qhov feem ntawm qhov yog 45 millimeters. Txhua txheej yuav tsum tau zoo compacted dua. Lub resulting nto yuav tsum tau rov sprinkled nrog ib tug nyias txheej ntawm xuab zeb, uas yuav tsum tau leveled thiab zoo compacted. Yog tias koj tab tom nchuav ib lub pob zeb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug nrog koj tus kheej tes, ces lub substrate yuav tsum tau leveled siv cov kab rov tav.
Kev siv dej thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev
Kev tiv thaiv dej ntawm cov qauv tuaj yeem ua nrog polyethylene. Ua li no, siv cov khoom uas nws thickness yog 200 microns. Nws yog tsim nyog los siv ib tug waterproofing membrane. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tag nrho cov cheeb tsam, cov nplooj ntawv lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau overlapped, lub seams yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog ib daim kab xev. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem thermal rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov ntaub ntawv xws li nthuav av nplaum, bas alt lossis pob zeb wool, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj thiab ntxhia wool.
Txhob Cia Siab
Tom qab kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov pob zeb hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug tau ua tiav, kev txhim kho tuaj yeem ua tau. Ua li no, siv steel tuav, uas koj yuav tsum tau tsim ib tug ncej. Hloov cov hlau mesh, koj tuaj yeem siv cov yas. Lub thav duab reinforcing yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw, qhov siab ntawm 3 cm. Lub thav duab reinforcing ua los ntawm rods tuaj yeem welded los ntawm koj tus kheej.
Txhim kho cov ntsia hlau thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm formwork
Ua ntej nchuav cov pob zeb hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, yuav tsum tau tso cov lus qhia. Chav tsev yuav tsum raug cim rau hauv qhov sib npaug, qhov dav ntawm qhov tsis pub tshaj 2 meters. Tag nrho cheeb tsam tau muab faib ua cov lus qhia. Raws li txoj cai, lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov tuav thiab cov laug cam. Qhov siab ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsum nyob rau tib theem nrog lub cim xoom. Kho cov lus qhiaua los ntawm cov cement mortar. Formwork yuav tsum tau ntsia nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom no. Ua li no, siv cov plywood uas tsis muaj dej noo, tab sis cov boards zoo tib yam kuj tsim nyog. Cov formwork thiab cov lus qhia yuav tsum tau oiled kom lawv tau yooj yim tshem tawm tom qab lub mortar tau hardened.
Pob hauv pem teb
Ua ntej yuav ua cov pob zeb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, yuav tsum tau npaj cov pob zeb. Koj yuav tsum tau sau rau hauv ib qho, siab kawg ob zaug. Qhov kev xav tau no yog vim qhov xav tau los tsim cov qauv monolithic. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem xaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub Hoobkas. Yog tias koj txiav txim siab ua qhov sib tov ntawm koj tus kheej, nws yog qhov zoo dua los npaj ib qho kev sib tov sib xyaw. Tsim nyog cov cement hom M 400 lossis M 500. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv cov xuab zeb dej. Koj yuav tsum paub tsis tsuas yog yuav ua li cas rau insulate lub pob zeb hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntiav, tab sis kuj yuav ua li cas npaj pob zeb rau nws. Rau kev ua haujlwm, koj yuav xav tau 1 feem ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb hauv qhov nyiaj ntawm ob ntu, nrog rau cov pob zeb crushed hauv cov nyiaj ntawm plaub ntu. Cov dej yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau ntawm 0.5 qhov chaw.
