Lub tsev ntsuab tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam. Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam nyob hauv cov tsev ntoo, vim lawv ua pa ntau dua sab hauv, thiab chav sov dua. Qhov no yog vim cov khoom ntawm cov ntoo, uas muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg, yog li cov phab ntsa tau pib sov. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau txo qhov poob cua sov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho hauv pem teb kom zoo.
Nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav tsis tsuas yog tsim kom muaj qhov zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj ua tau raws li tag nrho cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog hauv pem teb hauv av ntawm ib tus tswv tsev, tom qab ntawd kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv pem teb, raws li lwm txoj kev daws teeb meem yog kev siv lub hauv paus slab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm interfloor overlapping ntawm ob thiab tom ntej pem teb, hauv pem teb yuav tsum tiv taus impressive loads.
Tau hauv pem teb raws lub cav
Kev npaj hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntoo raws li cov cav yuav muab rau qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv av yog tias tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa. Thov rauRaws li lub hauv paus, koj tuaj yeem siv lub hauv paus, cov ncej tshwj xeeb lossis cov khoom siv sab hauv uas cuam tshuam rau hauv pem teb thib ob. Thaum cov cav nyob rau ntawm cov kab hla hla, qhov kawg yuav yog ntawm cov ncej hauv paus.
Tiav cov rooj zaum hauv pem teb yuav tsum fim lub qhov rais. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub cav, uas yuav nyob rau saum toj, yog oriented perpendicularly. Cov cuab yeej ntawm hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntoo muab rau kev xaiv kom raug ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub lag. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov spans qhov twg cov ntsiab lus yuav nyob. Yog tias qhov dav yog 2 m, ces qhov lag luam yuav tsum yog 110x60 mm. Nrog rau qhov nce hauv thawj qhov ntsuas mus rau 3, 4 thiab 5 m, ntu lag luam yuav sib npaug rau 150x80; 180x100 thiab 200x150 mm, ntsig txog. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ncua sij hawm yog 6 m, rau cov cav nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig seem ntawm 220x180 mm.
Qee tus neeg tsim khoom ntseeg tias cov duab no yog qhov qub vim tias lawv tsis suav nrog qhov loj ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Txhawm rau muab kev sov so hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug, tag nrho cov plag tsev yuav tsum tau insulated. Yog hais tias lub installation ntawm hauv pem teb nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo yog nqa tawm raws li ib tug lag installation technology, feem ntau txais kev ncua deb yog 0.6 m. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub hauv pem teb yuav hnyav heev, cov cav yuav tsum tau nyob nruj dua.
Kev ncua nruab nrab ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa uas lawv dag yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj li ib 'meter', thaum lub kauj ruam ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub lag yog 0.45 m. Txhua lub rooj zaum yog nyob rau ntawm waterproofing, uas tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv vov tsev. ob txheej.
SivThermal rwb thaiv tsev
Kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev ntoo yog qhov tsim nyog nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntxhia pob zeb lossis pob zeb ntaub plaub. Kev siv thev naus laus zis ntawm xws li hauv pem teb muab rau lub xub ntiag ntawm vapor barrier txheej uas yuav cais subfloor los ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Cov theem no yog qhov tsim nyog rau vim li cas thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv pem teb, huab cua noo yuav ntws tawm hauv av.
Cov ntaub plaub ntxhib ntxhib rau saum nrog lub vapor-diffusion daim nyias nyias, uas tso cai rau cov pa kom dhau mus thiab pab kom qhuav tawm cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev, tsis suav nrog cov plua plav nkag mus rau hauv chav. Tom ntej no los txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov cua thiab cov laug cam, cov kauj ruam ntawm qhov yuav yog 3 cm.
Kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb hauv tsev ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob nrog kev siv rwb thaiv tsev hauv daim ntawv ntawm polyurethane ua npuas ncauj lossis polystyrene. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias ntoo muaj ib tug nce vapor barrier, yog li ntawd nws yog heev saturated nrog noo noo. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cua sov, cov ntaub ntawv no tso tawm cov pa phem, lawv yuav tsis haum nruj txaus rau cov joists, thiab cua sov yuav khiav tawm ntawm cov kab nrib pleb.
Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no kuj phem vim lawv nyiam nas. Txhawm rau kom lub tsev sov so, lub rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov tuab ntawm 16 cm. Cov cav ntoo ua raws li cov choj txias. Txhawm rau ua kom sov hauv pem teb, cov ntsiab lus tau muab tso rau crosswise, thaum lub crate yuav hla. Lub cav tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau them nrog ib txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Ntau hom qauv hauv pem teb
Cov cuab yeej hauv pem teb hauv tsev ntoo, cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev uas yuav tsum tau nqa tawm, muab kev tsim ntawm "pie", ntawm cov txheej uas:
- subfloor;
- thermal rwb thaiv tsev;
- txheej txheej dej;
- Tiav pem teb;
Hnub no, cov qauv hauv qab no tau paub:
- pem teb mounted ntawm pillars ua los ntawm pob zeb, aerated qhob lossis cib;
- pem hauv pem teb.
thawj cov txheej txheem tso cai rau koj kom tau txais lub kaw lus ntab. Cov qauv yuav tsis txuas nrog cov phab ntsa lossis cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev. Qhov no txo qis kev sib kis ntawm kev vibrations los ntawm tib neeg cov kauj ruam.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug tuaj yeem nqa tau raws cov kab teeb hauv pem teb. Cov tshuab no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv pem teb thawj. Niaj hnub no, cov plag tsev ntoo siv cov txheej txheem no tau nruab rau hauv txoj hauv kev uas thaum kawg nws tuaj yeem tau txais ib qho lossis ob qhov system.
Single yog siv rau ob thiab tom ntej pem teb, thaum ob chav tsev kuj pom nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov laug cam yog nteg nyob rau hauv ob txheej, ib tug ntawm uas yuav yog lub hauv paus ntxhib, thaum lwm yam yuav ua tiav nto. Hauv nruab nrab yog thermal rwb thaiv tsev.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab tso ib lub plag tsev, ces lawv muab tso rau ntawm kab teeb rau hauv av. Xws li cov qauv tsim muaj feem xyuam rau cov chaw tsis nyob thiab ib ntus, nrog rau cov tsev pheeb suab thiab chav ua noj rau lub caij ntuj sov. Hauv pem teb no yooj yim rau nruab thiabpheej yig.
Kev npaj pem hauv ntej
Ntaus subfloor hauv lub tsev ntoo hauv pem teb tuaj yeem koom nrog kev siv ib qho ntawm ntau txoj kev xaiv. Thawj koom nrog kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb txias yam tsis muaj qhov chaw hauv av, qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog chav txias nrog cov cua sov hauv av. Qhov kev xaiv thib peb tuaj yeem yog ib qho chaw sov hauv pem teb nrog ib qho tsis muaj insulated hauv av. Ib qho system uas tsis muaj hauv av yog qhov cuam tshuam thaum lub hauv paus yog siab txaus thiab cov dej hauv av qis. Lub ncuav mog qab zib yuav muaj ob peb txheej.
Yuav kom siv lub hauv paus txias yam tsis muaj av, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom theem thiab ua kom cov xuab zeb npog yav dhau los. Calcined xuab zeb nrog av nplaum 40 cm tuab yog muab tso rau ntawm nws. Lawv yuav tsum nyob rau tib theem nrog rau yav tas los nteg lub hauv paus. Tom ntej no los txog 37mm boardwalk.
Yog tias koj xav muab lub tsev sov sov nrog cov dej txias hauv av, koj yuav tsum xav txog tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub tsev uas tsim los ntawm qhov chaw uas cov dej hauv av nyob siab txaus. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cib kev txhawb nqa yog siv rau hauv pem teb. Tus tsim yuav zoo ib yam li thaum lub hauv pem teb interfloor tau nruab. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv piav, lub thermal rwb thaiv tsev txheej yuav tsum thicker.
Lub kaw lus yuav muaj cov xuab zeb compacted, kev npaj ua vaj tse thiab cov txheej dej tsis zoo. Tom ntej no, cib 50-cm ncej yog ntsia, ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev yog kis tau. Qhov no yog ua raws li 3 cm ntoo overlays thiab load-bearing beams. Rau mount shieldsreel, ntsia ntsia.
Txheej tom ntej no yuav yog rwb thaiv tsev, uas yog npog nrog ib tug ntoo pem teb. Yuav tsum muaj huab cua sib txawv ntawm ob txheej no. Qhov rov qab version ntawm pem teb saum toj no yuav yog qhov sib txawv tsim. Lub hauv paus yog npaj, raws li nyob rau hauv thawj version, thiab ces pob zeb los yog cib kev txhawb nqa yog ntsia. Tom ntej no yog ib txheej ntawm waterproofing thiab ib tug ntoo hauv ob sab phlu. Hauv pem teb ntoo yog mounted rau theem kawg, tab sis lags raug ntsia ua ntej.
Heated floor on logs
Kev txhim kho cov dej hauv pem teb hauv lub tsev ntoo yog ua tau siv ib qho ntawm ntau cov thev naus laus zis. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov cav ntoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug ntoo pem teb, cav nrog ib tug seem ntawm 50 x 150 mm yog ntsia rau nws. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum yog 60 cm.
Muaj 100 hli tuab thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov laug cam. Mineral wool yog zoo meej rau qhov no. Cov kav dej ntawm cov cua sov yuav nyob ntawm qhov rwb thaiv tsev. Cov kab yog ua nyob rau hauv lub lags rau kho kev sib txuas lus. Qhov khoob ntawm cov lags thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev yog ntim nrog kev tsim ua npuas ncauj.
Plywood yog nteg rau saum cov cav, uas yuav ua raws li kev npaj ua ntej txhim kho lub tsho tiav. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov muaj huab cua sib txawv ntawm cov plywood thiab cov yeeb nkab. Qhov no yuav degrade lub thermal conductivity ntawm hauv pem teb thaum nws ua hauj lwm.
Txoj kev thib ob rau nruab cua sov hauv qab los ntawm lags
Deviceib qho dej sov hauv pem teb hauv ib lub tsev ntoo kuj tuaj yeem nqa tawm raws li cov cav ntoo raws li kev siv tshuab thib ob. Nws yog kev siv zog ntau dua, tab sis txhim khu kev qha. Tom qab txhim kho lub lag luam, polystyrene lossis ntxhia ntaub plaub yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Plywood, chipboard los yog OSB yog nteg rau ntawm lub cav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tsim nyog siv GKL, vim tias thaum raug rau nws, cov khoom yuav tawg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txiav tawm daim hlau los ntawm chipboard, uas yuav muaj cov fab sib npaug rau grooving. Cov yeeb nkab yuav nyob hauv lawv.
Qhov dav ntawm daim hlau yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kev sib txuas lus, thaum lub thickness yog 20 hli. Cov phaj yog screwed rau hauv paus, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum sib npaug zos rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Rau qhov nqi no yuav tsum tau ntxiv txog 4 mm. Ntawv ci yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm daim hlau, uas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam cov cua sov. Tom ntej no, cov yeeb nkab yog ntsia. Txhawm rau ua kom cov nyhuv cuam tshuam, cov ntawv hlau yog them rau cov yeeb nkab. Lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm galvanized lossis aluminium. Nyob rau theem kawg, laminate yog them, tab sis kev siv parquet yuav tsum tau tso tseg.
Yog tias cov dej sov hauv pem teb tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo uas siv cov cuab yeej siv no, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau saum npoo tuaj yeem muab pov tseg, tab sis nws yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab dua nrog nws. Qhov khoom yog tias nrog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam, cov laug cam tuaj yeem khoov hauv qab qhov hnyav ntawm tib neeg thiab rooj tog. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau chipboard strips. Yog tias cov laug cam tuab dua, ces qhov kev ncua deb ntawm hauv pem teb mus rau cov kav dej tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, qhov twg hauv pem teb yuav kub ntau dua.
Thaum txhim kho lub tsev sov hauvNyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo siv cov cuab yeej no, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv parquet ua tiav. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov khoom yog hloov tau thiab mobile. Nws yuav xav tau lub hauv paus pob zeb, thaum lub plywood yuav tsum tau screwed zoo rau saum npoo.
Lwm txoj kev rau tso cov cua sov hauv qab ntawm cov cav ntoo
Cov txheej txheem no tseem siv zog ntau dua. Hauv qhov no, thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog nteg nruab nrab ntawm cov lags. Hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, koj tuaj yeem npaj 50 cm boards uas sanded rau txhua sab. Ib tug zawj yog ua nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm lawv cov ces kaum, qhov twg cov ntawv ci yog nteg nrog ib tug sib tshooj, thiab ces cov yeeb nkab mus. Cov ntawv ci yog tsau nrog stapler, thiab tom qab ntawd cov laug cam txuas nrog cov cav ntoo kom ze. Hauv pem teb yog mounted rau saum.
Plaub version ntawm cov cuab yeej hauv pem teb ntawm cov cav ntoo
Rau lub pem teb ntoo, koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev daws teeb meem uas npaj tau xws li cov paib cuam tshuam nrog cov grooves. Lawv yog mounted rau sab saum toj ntawm lub cav, cov kauj ruam ntawm uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm lub dav ntawm daim hlau. Ib lub rhaub yog muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom. Thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum tsau nyob rau sab sauv ntug ntawm lub cav. Cov boards yuav tsum muaj grooves rau cov kav dej.
Ntaus ntawm pem teb sov siv cov cuab yeej siv hauv pem teb
Lwm cov thev naus laus zis muab rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsa hauv pem teb ntawm cov joists. Boards yuav yog lub hauv paus, tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv chipboard lossis OSB. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov kab teeb muaj ib txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev, cov nplooj ntawv nrog cov thawj coj tau muab tso rau ntawm nws, uas yuav yaug nrog cov npoo sab sauv ntawm lub lag.
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov yeeb nkab yuav hla cov cav, grooves yog ua. Cov yeeb nkab ntawm cov ntsiab lus no yuav raug kaw hauv cov ntawv ci. Qhov kev xav tau no yog vim qhov tseeb tias kev sib txuas lus yuav nthuav dav vim qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob rub tawm tsam ntoo. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov yeeb nkab, thaum txhim kho cov plag tsev hauv ib lub tsev ntoo, ua-nws-koj tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj yog nteg. Nyob rau theem kawg, cov txheej ntxhib yog npog.
chav dej hauv pem teb
Kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb hauv chav dej ntawm lub tsev ntoo tuaj yeem koom nrog kev tso cov kav dej rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Polystyrene yuav tsum yog qhov kawg, tab sis paj rwb ntaub yuav tsum muab pov tseg. Cov kav dej yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub lag luam. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub tom kawg yog ntim nrog gypsum mortar. Yog tias tsis muaj lub siab xav koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntub dej, ces tsis txhob sib tov, koj tuaj yeem sau qhov chaw nrog cov xuab zeb qhuav. Koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo sov hauv pem teb nrog xuab zeb lossis plaster.
Thaum txhim kho hauv pem teb sov hauv tsev ntoo, koj tuaj yeem siv galvanized kev txhawb nqa los kho lub cav. Qhov yooj yim ntawm lawv siv yog qhov tseeb tias cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem kho nrog cov ntsia hlau lossis ntsia hlau, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov kev txhawb nqa rau qib thiab kho cov cav rau lawv.
Tom qab kho qhov lag luam, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tau muab tso rau hauv qab. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj tso ib txheej ntawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev. Tom qab txhim kho hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntoo, ib txheej ntawm waterproofing yuav muab tso rau saum. Tom ntej no los ntawm txheej rwb thaiv tsev, uas tuaj yeem ua cov pob zeb hauv av bas alt. Nws yog nteg nyob rau hauv 2 txheej. Sab saum toj yog 40 mm board. Los ntawm theem no, koj tuaj yeem ua tautsis kam los ntawm kev tso chipboard rau ntawm lub cav. Lub thickness ntawm daim hlau txawv ntawm 20 mus rau 22 hli, nruab nrab ntawm lawv muaj ib tug yeeb nkab rau underfloor cua sov.
In xaus
Cov qauv ntawm cov flooring tiav thiab cov kabmob puag yog hu ua subfloor. Nws cov qauv yuav txawv heev, tab sis cov ntsiab lus tseem tsis hloov pauv. Lawv suav nrog kev siv underlayment, intermediate thiab leveling txheej.
