Qhov tseeb thiab meej ntawm kev npaj cov hlau rau vuam txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm ob lossis ntau dua cov khoom hlau thaum lub sijhawm nws. Muaj ntau ntau hom hlau, txhua yam uas yuav tsum tau ua rau tus kheej. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog ntau theem uas cov khoom siv raw yuav tsum dhau mus ua ntej xa mus rau vuam.
A series ntawm kev nqis tes ua los npaj cov hlau rau vuam:
- edit;
- kev huv;
- markup;
- txiav;
- kev txhim kho thiab tack.
Hlawv thiab txiav cov hlau kom raug: lub subtleties ntawm technology
Txoj cai npaj suav nrog kev tshem tawm qhov tsis sib xws, curvature lossis lwm yam tsis xws luag ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm kev kho. Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov txheej txheem yog nyob rau hauv lub siab exerted ntawm cov khoom, tsim siv ib tug xovxwm los yog manually (rauj tshuab).
Ntxim qab kawg, ob qho tib si ferrous thiab non-ferrous hlau raug kho.
Methods
Yog li qhov sib txawv ntawm tes thiab tshuab ncaj?
Thaum xuas tes ua, cov khoom (ntau yam) muab tso rau ntawm cov hlau lossis cam khwb cia hlau ncaj phaj / anvil thiab ntaus nrog rauj.
Machining hlau mechanically, nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov khoom muaj tseeb ntawm cov tshuab tshwj xeeb thiab cov rooj zaum ua haujlwm.
hnav khaub ncaws hlau tuaj yeem txias lossis kub.
Thawj theem ntawm kev npaj hlau rau vuam kuj suav nrog khoov cov khoom. Hom kev ua haujlwm no belongs rau locksmith. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem, lub workpiece yog khoov, ua raws li lub kaum sab xis thiab lub vojvoog, kom txog rau thaum nws mus txog qhov xav tau.
Thaum manually khoov, siv lub tshuab thiab xovxwm. Lawv ua los ntawm qhov muag, raws li cov cim, qauv, qauv.
Ua raws li cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev npaj hlau rau vuam yuav ua rau cov vuam uas ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag, cov khoom siv hlau raug ntxuav kom huv si los ntawm cov roj thiab xeb.
Yuav ua li cas ntxuav cov khoom ntawm roj thiab xeb?
Thaum nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog huab cua, cov hlau reacts chemically nrog oxygen, tsim oxides. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, xeb yog tsim, lwm yam impurities raug tsim, uas ua rau tsim ntau yam tsis xws luag hauv vuam seam.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Nco ntsoov tias thaum lub sij hawm ua cov hlau, tsis muajroj, nplai, noo noo. Qhov no yog undesirable heev.
Muaj ob txoj kev ntxuav uas tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj cov hlau rau vuam:
1. Neeg kho tshuab. Kev tu lub npoo ntawm txoj kev no, siv cov tshuab ntxuav tshwj xeeb lossis cov ntawv xuab zeb. Yog tias nws yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav qhov ntxhib saum npoo, ces cov hlau yuav raug kho rau hydroabrasive, los ntawm kev tsim cov microrelief rau saum npoo, uas ua rau muaj kev sib zog ua kom muaj zog dua thaum vuam.
2. Tshuaj. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov hlau yog ntxuav los ntawm dipping rau hauv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
kos npe hlau qhov
Thawj theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv yog kev npaj cov hlau nto rau vuam. Tom qab ntawd, mus rau lub cim. Thaum basting, cov contours ntawm qhov chaw nrog cov cim tau piav qhia ntawm daim ntawv hlau. Ntawm no lawv qhia qhov chaw ntawm folds, qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov thiab lwm yam subtleties ntawm cov khoom siv yav tom ntej. Tau tiv nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, lawv mus rau chopping lossis txiav hlau - ib theem uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev thiab raug. Txawm tias qhov yuam kev me me tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tiav lawm.
Thaum cov kab cim twb tau kos lawm, ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv nrog kev siv lub hauv paus punch - lub tshuab tshwj xeeb uas ua rau me me indentations ntawm daim ntawv. Yog li cov kab ntawm basting yuav khaws cia rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov khoom ntxiv.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Ua cimstainless hlau qhov chaw, cov kws txawj pom zoo kom siv ib tug center punch.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev npaj cov hlau rau vuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm locksmith, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txheej txheem yav tom ntej yog txiav txim siab. Thaum kos lossis basting, saum npoo ntawm cov ntawv hlau yog pre-primed. "Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tswv yim no?" - koj nug. Kev kos npe ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau tus kheej ntau lawm, basting - mus rau kev tsim khoom ntawm qhov chaw. Txhawm rau tsim ib pawg ntawm cov khoom sib xws, cov qauv tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj yog siv rau kev kos, uas yog tsim los ntawm plywood lossis ib daim ntawv nyias ntawm cov hlau. Cov txheej txheem siv tus qauv thaum lub sij hawm kos npe hu ua basting.
Txiav lossis txiav cov ntawv hlau ua ntej vuam
Thaum npaj thiab sib sau cov hlau rau vuam, ua ntej tshem tawm txheej txheej ntawm cov hlau - lub chamfer. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv lub tshuab txiav ntug lossis lub tshuab txiav roj tshwj xeeb. Qee lub sij hawm kev poob yog ua los ntawm tes, siv phau ntawv los yog pneumatic chisel.
Cov kab ntawm cov npoo uas cov hlau yuav raug txiav yav tom ntej yog nteg siv cov cim nickel, lawv zoo li ob kab sib npaug. Lub sab sauv ntawm lub chamfer yog txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub puab ntug, lub txheej ib kis nyob rau hauv qis ib feem ntawm lub chamfer. Yog tias qhov kev pheej hmoo tsis tau siv yav dhau los, tus tswv siv tus pas ntsuas thaum txiav.
Yuav kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem, kho koj txoj haujlwm nrog kev saib xyuas zoo thiab saib xyuas lub zog ntawm kev nias lub cuab yeej thaum kos kab.
Thaum chamfering, cov npoo ntawm cov nplooj ntawv tau ruaj khov. Cov nplooj ntawv uas tsis nyob hauv qhov chaw raug txiav ncaj qha rau ntawm lub khib lossis tom qab muab tso rau hauv pem teb, tab sis txawm tias cov khoom siv tau ruaj khov kom cov nplooj ntawv tsis txav thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Txoj kev txiav hlau
Qhov kev siv tshuab ua haujlwm no yog ua tiav thaum muaj qhov xav tau kom tau txais kev txiav ncaj. Yeej, cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm siv txiab yog tias yuav tsum tau txiav ncaj, thiab cov ntawv hlau tsis pub tshaj 20 hli hauv thickness.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim khoom, kev ua liaj ua teb tshwj xeeb raug teeb tsa - guillotine txiab nrog rab riam ntev ntawm 1-3 m lossis nias riam nrog cov hniav ntev txog 70 cm.
Cov ntawv tsawg dua 6 hli tuab yog txiav raws cov kab ncaj nraim lossis nkhaus nrog cov menyuam txiav los ntawm oxy-fuel lossis ntshav-arc txiav. Cov txheej txheem no rau kev sib cais qhov chaw yog siv tau rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog ob qho tib si alloyed steel thiab non-ferrous hlau. Flux txiav tuaj yeem siv rau lawv, thiab txiav cov pas nrig, tsis hais txoj kab uas hla, yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov hniav sib tsoo lossis txhuam saws.
Tack ua ntej hlau vuam
Tacking yog qhov kawg ntawm cov theem, uas suav nrog kev npaj cov hlau rau vuam. Cov kev xav tau thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hlau yuav tsum tau siv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los kho cov khoom tso rau hauv kev sib raug zoo.
Welding tack - luv weld.
Txoj kev siv thev naus laus zis
Siv lub qhov cub mitt tso cai rau koj mus:
- zam kev txav ntawm cov khoom siv welded thaum lub sijhawm vuam;
- zam kom txhob cem quav hauv kev cuam tshuam rau lwm qhov chaw;
- ua tiav qhov nce ntawm cov txheej txheem rigidity;
- txo qis feem pua ntawm deformation ntawm qhov chaw.
Cov khoom ua ntej sib dhos rau hauv ib qho qauv yog tacked los ntawm qhov chaw vuam. Rau qhov no, cov tshuab vuam ruaj khov thiab cov clamps tshwj xeeb yog siv. Kev siv cov khaub ncaws ua rau nws ua tau kom ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib txoos ua ntej ntawm lub kaw lus uas muaj ntau yam. Nws yog qhov zoo uas cov qauv no tso cai rau koj los kho qhov kev ncua deb "nruab nrab" lossis txoj haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ua ntej npaj cov hlau rau vuam thiab sib sau cov qauv. Ua cov txheej txheem manually lossis siv cov tshuab ua haujlwm.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Kev tuav tes ua yog ua raws li basting ua ntej sib dhos, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tacks yuav ua rau yav tom ntej.
Kev ntseeg tau thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov khoom yav tom ntej nyob ntawm seb cov tacks raug ua li cas.
Yuav tsum tau tacks
Qhov zoo ntawm tacks nyob ntawm ntau yam. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm hlau, ua tib zoo mloog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
- Electrodes: lawv lub npe yuav tsum ua raws li hom khoom siv los txuas cov khoom. Yog li, yog tias yav tom ntejNws tau npaj los ua haujlwm vuam nrog cov khoom siv semi-automatic siv hlau, ces cov electrodes yuav tsum sib haum rau nws.
- Qhov ntev ntawm lub tack yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 mm. Nws lub thickness yog qhov zoo tshaj 2 zaug tsawg dua li yav tom ntej vuam seam.
- Saib seb cov hlau tau npaj li cas rau vuam. Kev xaiv ntawm phau ntawv arc vuam hom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ntawm cov kev qhia ntawm tus tsim. Lub vuam tam sim no hauv cov txheej txheem no kuj tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb me me. Nws tus nqi yuav tsum raug xaiv kom raug, coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog thiab qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tam sim no siv rau hauv kev sib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov qauv. Rau kev ntseeg tau, qhov tam sim no raug xaiv 20% ntau tshaj qhov uas yuav siv rau yav tom ntej.
- Tswv tacks khov kho.
- Saib seb qhov chaw nyob hauv potholder. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua txhua qhov chaw, tab sis nyob rau ntawm qhov xav tau ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv tom qab sib dhos, nrog rau qhov chaw muaj peev xwm deformation.
- Tsis txhob tso lub tack ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam (kev sib tshuam) ntawm cov welds.
Qee txoj cai ua tacks
Thaum ua haujlwm nrog tsis siv neeg vuam, tacks tau muab tso rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau thawj qhov hla ntawm sab nraud. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum, vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muab lawv tso rau ntawm sab ntawm thawj nqe lus. Thaum ua qhov haujlwm no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov tacks kom tsis txhob overdo nws.
Ua ntej koj pib vuam, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov tacks ua nyob rau theem dhau los. Lawv kuj xav taunpaj rau qhov kawg vuam: ntxuav los ntawm slag thiab ntes hlau spatter, huv si - ua kom lub tack chaw du thiab yuav luag.
Ua haujlwm nrog hlau yog txoj haujlwm siv zog thiab siv zog ntau. Ua haujlwm nrog rau kev tsim cov hlau steel hlau, koj yuav tau ua haujlwm hnyav. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hlau, cov qauv tsim yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog welded, ua ke rau hauv ib qho tag nrho, tab sis kuj tau npaj ua ntej, uas koj twb nkag siab tom qab nyeem tsab xov xwm.
