Pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb: cov txheej txheem nchuav, xaiv cov khoom, cov tswv yim tswv yim

Cov txheej txheem:

Pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb: cov txheej txheem nchuav, xaiv cov khoom, cov tswv yim tswv yim
Pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb: cov txheej txheem nchuav, xaiv cov khoom, cov tswv yim tswv yim

Video: Pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb: cov txheej txheem nchuav, xaiv cov khoom, cov tswv yim tswv yim

Video: Pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb: cov txheej txheem nchuav, xaiv cov khoom, cov tswv yim tswv yim
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Tsim lub hauv paus yog ib theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho, vim tias tag nrho lub tsev nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm lub hauv paus. Rau kev tsim kho vaj tse nyob hauv suburban, ib lub hauv paus sawb yog qee zaum npaj. Lub hauv paus ntawm hom no yog prefabricated thiab monolithic. Cov khoom siv no yuav piav qhia txog cov cuab yeej ntawm kev tso cov plag tsev hauv av nrog lub hauv paus sawb siv cov cav ntoo thiab cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.

Ntau yam

Tus nqi qis thiab lub sijhawm tsim kho sai yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov av hauv av. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm tes, yog li kev pabcuam ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua. Nws yog ib qho ua tau los tsim ib lub hauv paus rau hauv av nrog lub hauv paus sawb nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.

Hom kev npaj ntawm cov av hauv av yog raws li nram no:

  1. Kev siv ntoo lag. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yuav tsim nyog los tsa cov qauvpem teb saum av kom tso pa tawm ntawm lub lawj ntoo.
  2. Concreting - ib txoj hauv kev ntawm txheej txheej, uas cov plag tsev hauv lub tsev yuav txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj khov. Nrog rau txoj kev no, cov av yuav ua raws li ib tug formwork rau lub tom ntej no reinforcement ntawm lub pob zeb slab.

Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa hauv pem teb yuav txawv heev, yog li koj yuav tsum xav txog kev nthuav dav ntawm kev teeb tsa cov plag tsev hauv av nrog lub hauv paus sawb hauv txhua rooj plaub.

Sawb foundation
Sawb foundation

Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo

Cov screed hauv pem teb muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:

  • txhawm rau txhim kho cov av zoo li no tau tso cai rau ntau hom av;
  • qis npaj mix noj;
  • txheej txheem ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab nkag siab;
  • npaj puag muaj kev tiv thaiv siab khov;
  • koj tuaj yeem nteg, piv txwv li, linoleum, parquet, laminate lossis pobzeb rau hauv pem teb;
  • sijhawm tsim kho sai.

Tsim kom muaj ib qho khoom ntawm lub hauv paus sawb nrog lub hauv paus rau hauv av muaj nws qhov tsis zoo: thaum tsim lub hauv paus siab, nws yuav tsim nyog los sau cov sinuses ntawm lub hauv paus nrog ntau lub ntiaj teb, uas suav nrog cov nqi nyiaj txiag.. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv pem teb yuav qhuav tag thiab tawv 28 hnub tom qab nchuav nws.

Ntoo pem teb installation
Ntoo pem teb installation

Technology for erecting wood flooring

Yuav ua kom cov plag tsev hauv av siv kab teeb, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia no.

  1. Sau hauv av nrog 5 cm txheej ntawm rubble, thiab ces tamp thiab npogbitumen.
  2. Nruab beacons, uas yuav xav tau tom qab los txhim kho cib kev txhawb nqa.
  3. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog cov cuab yeej khi, uas yuav yog lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov rooj zaum txaj.
  4. Nruab cib pedestals raws thaj tsam ntawm hauv pem teb, qhov siab ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 cm, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 80 cm ntawm ib leeg.
  5. qhwv qhov kawg ntawm kev txhawb nqa nrog cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv vov tsev).
  6. Cov kab ntoo yog ntsia rau ntawm lub cib "cov rooj zaum txaj", thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm phab ntsa thiab cov joists yuav tsum yog 2 cm.
  7. Cov boards yog ntsia rau ntawm kab teeb, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm ib sab.
  8. Tshawb xyuas qhov chaw ntawm cov qauv rau qhov tsis xws luag thiab qhov tsis sib xws uas siv qib tsev.
  9. Yuav ua kom sov pem teb rau hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb, koj yuav tsum ua ib txheej ntawm cov npuas dej los yog cov ntaub plaub.
  10. kawg theem - kho nto nrog cov xim thiab cov kua roj vanish.

Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia kom raug, koj yuav xaus nrog lub tsev ntoo muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.

ntoo pem teb
ntoo pem teb

Txoj kev ua vaj tse pob zeb

Lub hauv paus hauv av yog ib qho yooj yim tsim, qhov peculiarity ntawm uas yog tias yuav tsis muaj chaw seem ntawm av thiab hauv pem teb, uas yog, qhov no tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua. Raws li txoj cai, nrog lub hauv paus sawb, xws li hauv pem teb yog tsim, txawm li cas los xij, cov plag tsev zoo sib xws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av thiab hauv pawg-grillage foundation.

Tus qauv ntawm txoj kev ua vaj tse yuav ua los ntawm cov txheej hauv qab no:

  • sole;
  • litter txheej;
  • hydro, chav thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev;
  • txheej txheem;
  • screed;
  • finishing.

Txhua txheej ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau npaj cov pob zeb hauv qhov kev txiav txim.

Qhuav screed
Qhuav screed

xaiv cov khoom: cov lus qhia kws tshaj lij

Yog tias tsim nyog los tsim lub tsev ntawm lub hauv paus sawb, thiab hauv pem teb yog nyob rau hauv av, ces lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm cov khoom yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm cov qauv. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev yuav tsum tau yuav nrog rau qhov xwm txheej no. Nws raug nquahu kom ua cov screed xws li txo cov nqi nyiaj ntsuab, uas yog:

  1. Ua ib lub cushion, thiab tom qab ntawd compact nws nrog vibrating phaj.
  2. Tshaj tawm thav duab uas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv lub nra ntawm laminate, boards, linoleum lossis plywood.
  3. Tau ib txheej ntawm cov ntawv ci rwb thaiv tsev kom txo cov cua sov.
  4. Yog tias cov tsev nyob hauv kev tsim kho tsis muab cov phab ntsa hauv qab daus, cov plag tsev hauv av nrog cov hauv paus hauv paus yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm cov khoom siv tsis muaj dej (piv txwv li, cov khoom siv vov tsev).
  5. Ua ib lub hauv paus ntawm cov cement, xuab zeb thiab gravel, lub thickness yuav tsum yog 4-7 cm.
  6. theem kawg yog kev siv lub hauv pem teb screed los ntawm cov cement-sand mortar.

Raws li txoj cai, rau cov haujlwm no koj yuav tsum tau ua 15-centimeter txheej ntawm xuab zeb (qhov taw qhia nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov av khov). Yuav ua li cas flooringtxoj cai, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia kom meej, suav nrog ntau yam haujlwm yooj yim thev naus laus zis. Kev ua raws li cov algorithm yog qhov lav tias thaum kawg koj yuav tau txais kev tsim muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.

pib theem: backfilling ntawm cov xuab zeb txheej

Ua ntej pib cov txheej txheem no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom cov ntaub ntawv xoob xoob, kom cov xuab zeb cushion tau txais qhov xav tau ceev. Cov hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau theem hauv qhov kev txiav txim no.

  1. Sau av nrog xuab zeb. Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej no yuav tsum yog 10-15 cm, tom qab uas koj yuav tsum tau compact nws nrog ib tug vibrating phaj.
  2. Pov dej hla cov xuab zeb sib xyaw. Hauv qhov no, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub hose uas lub nozzle nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag. Tseem ceeb kom paub: cov dej ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntxiv, vim tias cov xuab zeb zoo li no tsis tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua qub.
  3. Tau kom txog thaum lub txheej qhuav tag.

Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim no uas cov xuab zeb yuav tsum tau nchuav yog tias lub hauv paus sawb tau txhim tsa hauv qab cov plag tsev hauv lub tsev. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum hla hauv av nrog cov phaj vibrating ntau zaus kom tau txais cov txheej txheem zoo.

Kev txhim kho lub tawb

Qhov no yog txheej txheem nyuaj thiab ntev. Cov kws tshaj lij cov kws ua haujlwm pom zoo kom ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus sawb raws li cov lus qhia ua ntu zus hauv qab no.

  1. Tau qee qhov hlais (txhua qhov yuav tsum yog 6 txog 8 hli inch).
  2. Xaim qhov tob ntawm qhov nchuav qhov kev daws teeb meem.
  3. Suab lub qis chord zoo li no: muab 12 hli ribbed reinforcement rau ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig tuav.
  4. Nruab cov pas nrig ntsug sab saud ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm cov khoom.
  5. Cov kauj ruam kawg: tso ob txoj kab ntev ntawm cov khoom.

Cov khoom yuav tsum tau khi nrog cov hlau hlau.

Sawb foundation
Sawb foundation

Lub hauv paus pob zeb yuav tsum tau txhim tsa ntawm cov xuab zeb txheej. Cov tshuaj yog npaj los ntawm M400 cement, dej xuab zeb, crushed pob zeb thiab dej. Yuav ua kom concreting nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov kauj ruam no:

  1. Pob lub ntsiab 10 cm txheej.
  2. Tom ntej no, nws yuav tsum tau sau qhov chaw npaj los ntawm 50 cm nrog cov cement-sand mortar.
  3. Compact lub pob zeb loj nrog lub tsev vibrator lossis yooj yim los ntawm tapping nws nrog rauj.

Tom qab nchuav thawj txheej, nws yuav tsum tso cua tawm ntawm nws. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv tus pin reinforcing thiab siv nws los ua qhov me me hauv cov tshuaj txhua ob metres. Qhov sib tov yog pom zoo kom nchuav rau ib lub sij hawm kom txo tau lub sij hawm tsim kho.

Yog tias lub tsev tab tom ua rau ntawm lub hauv paus sawb nrog lub hauv paus rau hauv av, ces cov av yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov av noo. Qhov sib thooj ntawm cov dej hauv av yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas lub hauv paus tuaj yeem tawg thaum lub sijhawm yog tias qhov project tsis muab cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom ua kom ruaj khov hauv pem teb ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv txoj kev no.

  1. Yuav 15 cm yas ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau muab tso rau saum npoo nrog sib tshooj, thiabtom qab muab cov hlua khi ntawm cov khoom.
  2. Nws raug pom zoo kom muab cov txheej thib ob hauv tib txoj hauv kev kom ntseeg tau cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm noo noo.
  3. Insulate floors with Styrofoam or mineral wool (cov txheej no yuav tsum yog 10 cm).

Koj tuaj yeem muab cov av rau hauv av siv ob lub thev naus laus zis, txhua qhov yuav tsum tau piav qhia ntau ntxiv.

Self-leveling pem teb
Self-leveling pem teb

Qhuav pem teb screed

Qhov kev tsim kho no yog ua los ntawm ob peb txheej: xuab zeb cushion, ntxhib screed thiab waterproofing. Qhov no yog qhov kev txiav txim uas cov plag tsev ua rau hauv av. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm kev npaj cov khoom sib tov, cov screed qhuav yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:

  1. Kev teeb tsa beacons, profiles lossis strips, uas yuav tsum tau kho nrog putty.
  2. Muab cov av nplaum nthuav dav ntawm qhov chaw, tom qab ntawd theem cov khoom dhau ntawm cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo uas tau npaj ua ntej.
  3. Cov screed qhuav tau muab tso rau hauv pem teb, uas tau pom zoo kom kho nrog 25 hli screws.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov project muab lub hauv paus hauv paus, cov plag tsev hauv av tuaj yeem ua tau tib yam.

Loj screed
Loj screed

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Thaum ib qho khoom siv tau tsim rau ntawm lub hauv paus sawb nrog rau hauv pem teb, ces nws raug nquahu kom muab cov flooring siv cov cuab yeej no. Tom qab ua tiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm cov txheej txheej ntau, qhov saum npoo yuav tsum dhau los ua qhov sib npaug.

Cov txheej txheem ua tiav muaj ntau yam nta:

  1. txheej txheej dejyuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si ntawm cov av thiab hmoov av, thiab tom qab ntawd ob peb zaug kho qhov chaw nrog kua iav, yav tas los diluted nrog dej.
  2. Qhov sib tov rau cov screed bulk screed yuav tsum tau npaj ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm dej thiab tej khoom.
  3. Cov khoom tiav tiav yuav tsum sawv ntsug li 10 feeb kom tau txais qhov xav tau hardness.
  4. Nws raug nquahu kom nchuav cov sib tov rau hauv pem teb kom cov txheej tuab nyob hauv 3-10 hli.
  5. Lub screed yuav tsum tau leveled nrog spatula.
  6. Pom zoo kom du tawm qhov tsis sib xws nrog cov menyuam ntxaib.
  7. kauj ruam kawg yog ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem kho.

Nws raug nquahu kom ua ib qho screed ntau, vim tias tsuas yog hauv txoj kev no shrinkage ntawm phab ntsa yuav raug tshem tawm, nrog rau lub suab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav yuav nce.

Cov kauj ruam kawg

Kev tsim cov plag tsev hauv av yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj, thaum lub sij hawm ciam teb ntawm cov txheej yuav tsum raug faib kom raug. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tau ua waterproofing ntawm lub lighthouses. Qhov zoo ntawm txhua cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg raug pom zoo kom kuaj xyuas tas li kom cov flooring ruaj khov. Yog tias tsim nyog los ua kev sib txuas lus, cov xov hlau yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv hlau, thiab lub qhov yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho nrog sealant.

Yog tias lub hauv paus hauv av ntawm lub hauv paus sawb sags, nws txhais tau hais tias cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tsis ua tiav. Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim vim kev daws teeb meem tsis zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom npog cov flooring nrog rwb thaiv tsev thaum kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab nteg cov vuas, parquet boards, laminate lossis linoleum rau saum nws.

Pom zoo: