Cov dej phwj tuaj muaj nyob hauv txhua lub tsev. Yog tias peb tham txog cov tsev nyob hauv Soviet, feem ntau cov kev sib txuas lus no yuav siv tsis tau vim lawv lub hnub nyoog zoo. Hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev Khrushchev yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj rau ntau tus tswv. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov kav dej qub tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhaws, tab sis kuj tshem tawm cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo, nrog rau cov xau. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob tos kom muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab pib hloov cov dej thiab cov kav dej hauv chav tsev. Hauv tsab xov xwm hnub no, peb yuav saib cov haujlwm no kom ntxaws ntxiv.
Tus nqi yog qhov haujlwm ua tiav?
Ntau tus xav paub tias leej twg yuav tsum them rau cov xwm txheej no. Qhov xwm txheej nyob ntawm qhov chaw sib txuas lus nyob. Yog tias cov kav dej tau hloov pauv hauv chav tsev, cov vaj tsev thiab cov kev pabcuam hauv zej zog tsis tas yuav them rau txoj haujlwm no. Kev hloov pauv yog ua tiav tag nrho ntawm tus tswvcov tsev. Lwm qhov yog cov risers uas khiav vertically los ntawm tag nrho cov tsev. Lawv yog cov khoom ntiag tug. Yog tias tsim nyog, lawv raug hloov pauv ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov nyiaj uas cov tswv tau them txhua hli rau cov vaj tsev thiab cov kev pabcuam hauv zej zog raws li cov khoom "Tsev thiab kho vaj tse."
Yuav ua li cas dej phwj tuaj yeem zoo li?
Hnub no, cov kav dej ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau:
- Metal.
- YPolymers.
Peb yuav tsum xaiv dab tsi thaum hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev? Wb saib txhua yam kom ntxaws ntxiv.
Metal pipes
Hlau lossis cam khwb cia hlau yog siv rau lawv cov khoom siv. Ntawm cov ntsiab lus zoo, kev tshuaj xyuas:
- siab zog.
- Tus nqi me me.
- Resistant kub heev.
Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov tsis txaus. Cov kav dej no hnyav heev, thiab qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws, lawv tiv thaiv tsis zoo los ntawm corrosion. Thiab yog tias ua ntej lawv tau siv dav hauv cov tsev, tam sim no lawv siv tsis tau.
Yog tias koj xaiv xaiv ntawm cov hlau thiab cam khwb cia hlau, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab qhov kev xaiv rau qhov kev xaiv tom kawg. Cov kev sib txuas lus zoo li no, txawm tias hnyav, tsis raug corrosion. Txawm li cas los xij, lub peev xwm ntawm cov kav dej no txo qis thaum lub sijhawm.
Peb ceeb toom tam sim ntawd tias cov kav dej ceramic yuav kim. Yog li ntawd, thaum hloov cov kav dej hauv ib chav tsev, lawv tsis siv. Tab sis cov khoom siv muaj ntau qhov zoo. Ceramic yog resistant rau aggressive ib puag ncig thiab tsis xeb.
YPolymers
Cov kav dej yas yog qhov kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws thaum hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev. Sab hauv, xws li cov khoom muaj ib tug du nto. Yog li ntawd, dhau sij hawm, deposits tsis sau nyob rau hauv no, thiab cov throughput tseem nyob rau tib theem. Polymer kav yog ob hom:
- YPolypropylene.
- Polyvinyl chloride.
thawj qhov kev xaiv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum hloov cov dej phwj tuaj. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los kho cov kav dej zoo li no. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib txuas lus muaj peev xwm tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev.
Hom thib ob kuj yog PVC (PVC). Cov khoom no yog UV resistant thiab ruaj heev. Tab sis thaum cua sov, cov kav dej PVC yuav tawm cov khoom tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv tsis yog resistant rau kev txhoj puab heev ib puag ncig. Tab sis cov khoom yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab. Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov kav dej ntawm koj tus kheej.
Txoj Kev Sib Txuas
Thaum hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev nrog koj tus kheej tes, cov kav dej tuaj yeem txuas tau:
- roj hmab couplings. Txoj kev no muaj feem cuam tshuam thaum txhim kho cov khoom cam khwb cia hlau.
- Los ntawm txoj kev tswb. Txoj kev no yog xaiv thaum txhim kho kev sib txuas lus yas. Hauv qhov no, qhov kawg ntawm ib lub yeeb nkab yog muab tso rau hauv lub qhov (socket) ntawm lwm qhov. Thiab kom lub foob zoo dua, siv lub nplhaib tshwj xeeb roj hmab.
Yog xav tau kom luv cov yeeb nkab, koj yuav tsum tau siv lub hacksaw. Tom ntej no, lub chamfer raug tshem tawm ntawm ntug ntawm cov khoom (kom yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm). Yog tias cov kauj ruam no hla dhau, yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo yav tom ntejfoob puas.
Npaj ua haujlwm
Ua ntej koj hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev, koj yuav tsum kos ib daim duab ntawm cov kav dej. Ntawm no peb tuaj yeem tsis tsuas suav cov kav dej, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Daim duab kos npe coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov kav dej fixtures uas tau npaj yuav muab ntsia ntxiv. Thaum tsim ib lub tswv yim, nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account tias cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob tig ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees.
Tam sim no rau cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom siv. Ntxiv rau cov kav dej lawv tus kheej nrog lub qhov (socket), koj yuav tsum npaj:
- Cross.
- Clutch.
- Npaj nyiaj npib.
- Adapters nruab nrab ntawm cov yas thiab cam khwb cia hlau kav.
- Tee.
Yuav rhuav tshem cov qub cam khwb cia hlau
Hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev pib nrog kev rhuav tshem cov kav dej qub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum ceeb toom rau cov neeg xauj tsev los ntawm saum toj no txog kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lawv tsis txhob siv cov kav dej hauv lub sijhawm no. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog los hloov cov cam khwb cia-hlau kav dej riser hauv cov tsev nyob hauv txhua lub tsev. Tab sis yog tias cov neeg nyob ze tsis xav ua haujlwm li no, koj yuav tsum txiav tawm ib feem ntawm cov riser qub hauv tsev xwb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob ua kom cov kav dej ntawm cov neeg nyob ze.
Ua ntej koj pib txiav, koj yuav tsum tau txiav cov kav dej. Txhawm rau rho tawm cov riser, nws yuav tsum ua ob ntu nrog lub tshuab sib tsoo thiab cov yeeb nkab cutter ntawm qhov sib nrug ntawm 150 millimeters ntawm lub kaum sab xis me ntsis rau ib leeg. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav cov yeeb nkab kom tiav, vim tias sab sauv ntawm riser tuaj yeem ua rau lub disc ntawm lub tshuab ua kom puas.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog tshem tawm qhov txiav ntawm cov qauv. Tom qab ntawd, yuav muaj ob ntu ntawm riser. Ib tug yuav nyob rau hauv lub tee, thiab lub thib ob nyob rau hauv lub qab nthab. Sab saum toj yog muab tshem tawm ua ntej. Qhov kev txiav yog ua los ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov loj ntawm qhov haum uas yuav hnav rau ntawm qhov seem ntawm riser.
Tom ntej no, daim qis dua raug tshem tawm. Nws tuaj yeem maj mam swung thiab rub mus rau saum. Yog hais tias cov ntu yog ruaj khov rau hauv qhov chaw, koj yuav tsum tau tshem cov seam ntawm riser thiab tee thiab viav vias nws dua. Thaum qhov no tsis coj cov txiaj ntsig, tee yog sawn tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv rov qab los ntawm lub qhov (socket) los ntawm 30 millimeters. Tom qab ntawd, siv ib tug wedge, cov seem ntawm lub tee yog tshem tawm ib feem ntawm daim. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tam sim no cov seem ntawm kev sib txuas lus qub tsis poob rau hauv cov kav dej. Ua li no, cov kws tshaj lij qhia kom npog lub qhov nrog ib daim ntaub.
Kev txhim kho tus riser tshiab
Ua ntej txhim kho cov kav dej phwj tuaj, yuav tsum tau muab cov riser tso rau hauv chav tsev. Nws ua li cas? Ua ntej, lub tee yog txuas nrog ib thooj ntawm cov yeeb nkab uas sticks tawm hauv qab no. Yog hais tias lub diameters ntawm lub qhov txawv, ib tug cuff yuav tsum tau siv. Tom ntej no, cov yeeb nkab ntawm qhov xav tau ntev yog txiav tawm thiab tag nrho cov khoom ntawm riser raug sim rau. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yog muab tso rau ntawm lub compensator. Tom qab ntawd, tus tsim yog ntsia rau hauv qab tee.
Cov yeeb nkab saum toj kawg nkaus txuas nrog ntu uas tau tso rau ntawm lub qab nthab. Kev sim-hauv kev teeb tsa yog ua tsis tau siv cov gaskets. Tom qab ntawd, lub cim ntawm fasteners yog ua. Txuas mus rau lub installation ntawm sab sauv thiab qis clamp. Tom ntej no, tus qauv yog disassembled thiab muab tso rauqhov chaw, tab sis nrog tag nrho cov gaskets. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim sib dhos, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom siv cov xab npum ua kua. Lawv tuaj yeem lubricate qhov kawg ntawm cov kav dej kom nkag tau zoo dua.
Ua haujlwm hauv kab
Cov haujlwm no yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov phiaj xwm kos. Tom qab ntawd lawv txuas cov kav dej mus rau ib qho tshiab lossis rau tib qhov chaw. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, koj tuaj yeem siv lub ntab ntab lossis lub mount tsis nruj. Qhov kev xaiv tom kawg tiv thaiv cov yeeb nkab los ntawm kev txav mus los vim qhov clamp ntawm lub bolts nrog lub foob. Qee zaum cov yas fasteners yog siv. Nrog ib tug floating mount, tsuas longitudinal hloov chaw yog tso cai. Nws ua tau tib yam nkaus, tab sis tsis muaj lub foob.
Cov cai dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua thaum ua haujlwm:
- Kev teeb tsa ntawm lub qhov (socket) yog ua los ntawm kev txav ntawm cov dej ntws. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau hauv cov kav dej phwj tuaj thaum muaj xwm txheej.
- Kev nqes hav ntawm kev sib txuas lus yog ua tiav ntawm tus riser.
- Nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov duab thiab ua kom luv cov khoom zoo li tus. Nws tseem txwv tsis pub tus riser hla ntawm lub kaum sab xis mus rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob yeeb nkab.
- Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov yeeb nkab mus rau hauv chav dej yuav tsum yog 110 millimeters. Yog tias cov no yog lwm cov kav dej, cov kav dej yuav tsum muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 50 millimeters.
Tom qab cov kav dej hauv chav tsev tau hloov pauv lawm, koj yuav tsum tau sim lub kaw lus kom xau. Yog tias txhua yam zoo, koj tuaj yeem pib siv kev sib txuas lus tag nrho.
Hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev
Qhov nolub caij yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws zoo li lub caij. Nws tuaj yeem yog cam khwb cia hlau lossis yas. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev yog tias:
- khoom zoo nkauj heev dhau lawm.
- Yuav tsum txo qis qib kev tso kawm ntawm tee.
- Tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav cov kua dej vim qhov tso nyiaj hnyav.
Peb xav tau dab tsi:
- Roulette.
- Hacksaw.
- xov.
- Kev them nyiaj yug clutch.
- New tee.
- hnab looj tes roj hmab.
- Ib daim yeeb nkab ntev 20 centimeters (txog peb centimeters nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla).
Yuav ua li cas lub dismantling ua tiav:
- Perforator lossis chisel tuav tawm ntawm lub pob zeb ua ke, uas nyob hauv qab lub qhov (socket).
- Siv rauj thiab ntsia hlau, cov cement foob raug tshem tawm ntawm lub qhov (socket) ntawm lub tee.
- Riser txiav.
- Retrieved nrog ib tug gas wrench los yog manually tee. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau tig. Lub tswb hauv qab no yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub tsho yas hloov nrog lub cam khwb cia hlau?
- Tus riser yog ntxuav cov xim qub thiab cov av saum qhov txiav.
- Ib lub yas clamp yog ntsia hauv qab qhov txiav. Nws yuav pab kom tus neeg them nyiaj tsis hloov mus.
- Cov yeeb nkab them nyiaj raug rub mus rau ntawm cov kav dej huv.
- Siv lub hnab roj hmab, lub tee tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov (socket). Qhov twgtus neeg them nyiaj yuav tsum haum rau lub qhov (socket) sab saud ntawm lub tee.
- Kho nrog clamp.
- Mount chav dej thiab txuas lub zuag.
Zoo kawg
Yog li, peb pom tias yuav ua li cas hloov cov kav dej hauv chav tsev. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, txoj haujlwm no tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev txawj ntse. Nws yog qhov ua tau los ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kheej tes.
