Aerated vaj tse tau tsim nyob rau hauv suburban cheeb tsam hauv Russia thiab tom qab-Soviet lub teb chaws feem ntau. Lub undoubted kom zoo dua ntawm foamed blocks yog yooj yim ntawm installation, tsis tshua muaj hnyav, txawm geometry. Cov vaj tsev tsim siv cov khoom siv no, txawm tias nws nyias nyias, sov thiab xis nyob hauv.
Kuv puas xav tau rwb thaiv tsev
Aerated pob zeb tiv thaiv sab hauv ntawm lub tsev los ntawm qhov txias heev. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, cib los yog zoo tib yam cement blocks yog superior nyob rau hauv no hais txog. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim tsev los ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal ntxiv yog tso cai tsuas yog hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua me me. Cov tswv ntawm cov cheeb tsam suburban nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam txias yuav tsum xav txog yuav ua li cas insulate lub aerated qhob tsev los ntawm sab nraum.
Ib yam ntawm foamed blocks yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, uas nyob rau hauv lawv thickness muaj heevntau zaus. Los ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv huab cua txias, cua txias tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tsev. Tib yam mus rau noo noo. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau sab qaum teb los yog hauv cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua ntub, cov tsev aerated pob zeb yuav tsum tau insulated yam tsis muaj kev poob.
Yam dab tsi yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thaum xaiv qhov insulator
Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv tuaj yeem siv los thaiv cov tsev aerated pob zeb. Xws li cov insulators txawv raws li cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- degrees ntawm thermal conductivity - qee cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem thaiv cov tsev zoo dua li lwm tus;
- vapor permeability;
- hluav taws kub tsis kam - muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom lag luam;
- moisture resistance - qee hom ntshai dej, lwm tus tsis.
Txij li cov pob zeb aerated nws tus kheej, tsis zoo li ntoo, tsis raug hluav taws kub, koj tuaj yeem xaiv ob qho tib si hluav taws-resistant thiab combustible cov ntaub ntawv rau cladding xws li phab ntsa. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm thermal conductivity, yuav luag tag nrho cov niaj hnub insulators muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo. Hauv qhov no, yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv tuaj yeem siv ua npuas ncauj.
vapor permeability
Cov tswv ntawm thaj chaw suburban, xav paub yuav ua li cas insulate lub tsev ua los ntawm aerated qhob los ntawm sab nraud, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, thaum xaiv ib qho insulator, koj yuav tsum xyuam xim rau qhov tshwj xeeb yam ntxwv. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov phab ntsa ua los ntawm cov khoom zoo li no dhau chav dej zoo heev. Qhov no tshwm sim, raws li twb tau hais lawm, vim muaj ntau ntawm cov pores nyob rau hauv blocks ntawm hom no.
Raws li SNiP cov qauv, rau rwb thaiv tsevSab nrauv facades yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb nrog rau qib siab ntawm vapor permeability tshaj cov phab ntsa lawv tus kheej. Txwv tsis pub, "dua taw taw tes" thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev yuav hloov mus rau hauv lub thickness ntawm lub tsev lub hnab ntawv. Qhov no nyob rau hauv lem yuav ua rau:
- kev puas tsuaj sai ntawm phab ntsa lawv tus kheej vim dampness;
- kev ua neej nyob hauv tsev tsis zoo.
Yog tias cov rwb thaiv tsev yuav muaj qhov tsawg dua ntawm cov pa permeability ntau dua li cov khoom siv los tsim cov phab ntsa, cov av noo hauv tsev yuav ib txwm siab dua ntawm txoj kev. Qhov ntawd yog, tsis xis nyob thiab noj qab nyob zoo microclimate yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw.
Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau tag nrho cov no, nws yog, hmoov tsis, heev nyuaj rau xaiv ib tug haum rwb thaiv tsev rau aerated qhob nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm vapor permeability. Yeej, tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no tau suav tias tsim nyog rau cov phab ntsa insulating ntawm hom no los ntawm sab nraud:
- styrofoam.
Ib txhia zaus, rwb thaiv tsev sab nraum lub façade ntawm lub tsev ua los ntawm aerated qhob kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav siv ecowool.
Txheej ntawm mounting insulators
Plaster, hmoov tsis, muaj qis dua ntawm vapor permeability dua li cov pob zeb aerated. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo kom ua tiav cov tsev zoo li no nrog nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv feem ntau nws yog tsim nyog los insulate aerated pob zeb phab ntsa siv txoj kev thav duab. Thaum siv cov thev naus laus zis no, nyob rau theem kawg, tsis yog plaster yog siv los ua kom tiav cov facades ntawm lub tsev, tab sis sab hauv, daim ntawv profiled, hauv ob sab phlu, thiab lwm yam. Tib lub sijhawm,lub installation ntawm xws li cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ncuav mog qab zib yog nruab, nrog rau cov cua txheej. Ntawd yog, cladding ntawm hom no tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov vapor permeability ntawm phab ntsa.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb aerated los ntawm sab nraud nrog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj hauv qee qhov tuaj yeem ua rau hauv txoj kev tsis muaj teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, rau nws txoj kev ua tiav thaum siv cov cuab yeej no, nws yuav tsum siv cov txheej nyias nyias ntawm plaster.
Pros of mineral wool
Nws yog cov khoom siv no feem ntau siv los thaiv lub tsev aerated pob zeb los ntawm sab nraud. Mineral wool nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas nws muaj ib tug tsawg degree ntawm thermal conductivity. Hauv qhov no, bas alt slabs zoo tshaj rau ob qho tib si ecowool thiab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj.
Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av yog incombustibility. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no, ntawm chav kawm, yog nws tus nqi qis. Tus nqi ntawm bas alt slabs qis dua qhov nthuav dav polystyrene thiab, ntxiv rau, ecowool.
Qhov zoo ntawm bas alt slabs, ntau tus neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug suav nrog, ntawm lwm yam, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Xws li cov khoom yog ntsia nruab nrab ntawm lub racks ntawm lub thav duab thaum sheathing lub facades los ntawm surprise, tsis muaj kev siv ntawm lwm yam fasteners. Kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev ua los ntawm cov pob zeb aerated los ntawm sab nraud siv cov phiaj xwm ntawm hom no, yog li, dhau los ua cov txheej txheem uas txawm tias tus neeg tsis paub txog kev tsim kho tuaj yeem ua tau.
Raws li cov pluses ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab nws qhov hluav taws kub. Cov khoom zoo li no tsis tuaj yeem ntes hluav taws hauv lub tsev ntiag tug nyob rau txhua qhov xwm txheej.xwm txheej.
Cons ntawm bas alt slabs
Mineral wool yog, ntawm chav kawm, cov lus teb zoo tshaj plaws rau cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas zoo tshaj rau insulate lub tsev aerated pob zeb los ntawm sab nraud. Cov khoom no muaj ntau yam zoo. Tab sis, tau kawg, cov ntaub plaub ntxhia kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no, cov neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug ntseeg tias nws tuaj yeem nqus dej noo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pob zeb ntub dej bas alt tsis ua lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm cov phab ntsa zoo. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov ntxhia wool rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov phab ntsa aerated, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws hydro- thiab vapor barriers.
Lwm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no yog suav tias tsis yog qhov siab ntawm ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb. Cov phaj zoo li no yog tsim los siv cov teeb meem phenol formaldehydes. Thiab yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov pa phem tuaj yeem tso tawm rau saum huab cua.
Yuav ua li cas rau insulate lub tsev aerated pob zeb los ntawm sab nraud: kev xaiv ntawm cov ntxhia wool
Yuav luag txhua qhov bas alt slab raug tso cai siv rau cladding tsev ntawm ntau yam no. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov khoom siv nrog lub thickness ntawm 5 mus rau 20 cm thiab qhov ceev txog li 220 kg / m 3. Cov ntaub mos mos heev rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facades, nrog rau cov pob zeb aerated, tsis pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog. Xws li cov khoom yuav nyuaj rau mount yav tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tom qab ob peb xyoos, nws tuaj yeem swb me ntsis. Yog li ntawd, sab saum toj ntawm phab ntsa yuav nyob twj ywm tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los xaiv rau facades tsis tshwj xeeb ntom, tab sis tib lub sij hawm heev elastic thiab elasticpaj rwb wool.
Pros ntawm Styrofoam thiab Penoplex
Cov khoom siv rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm aerated qhob tsev kuj siv ntau zaus. Nws qib ntawm vapor conductivity qis dua li cov ntxhia wool. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tseem siab dua li ntawm aerated qhob nws tus kheej.
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm nthuav dav polystyrene thiab ib qho ntawm nws ntau yam - ua npuas ncauj, piv nrog cov ntxhia wool, yog qhov qis dua ntawm thermal conductivity. Txhawm rau khaws cov cua sov hauv lub tsev aerated, cov khoom siv no yuav ua haujlwm zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nthuav polystyrene, tsis zoo li bas alt slabs, tsis ntshai ntawm noo noo. Nws tsis yog impregnated nrog dej nrog poob ntawm insulating zoo. Insulating lub tsev ua los ntawm aerated qhob los ntawm sab nraud nrog ua npuas ncauj los yog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yog li ntawd zoo heev.
Cov khoom siv
Hais txog kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yog me ntsis qis dua cov ntaub plaub. Nws yog mounted siv ob lub thav duab thiab frameless txoj kev ntawm cov kua nplaum nrog kev siv ntxiv ntawm cov yas dowels. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov pob qij txha ntawm xws li daim hlau yog kaw nrog putty. Tom qab tag nrho, nthuav polystyrene, tsis zoo li bas alt slabs, tsis txawv ntawm elasticity.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no, ntxiv rau qee qhov nyuaj hauv kev teeb tsa, suav nrog nws tus nqi siab. Ua kom sov lub tsev ua los ntawm aerated qhob nrog ua npuas ncauj lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yuav kim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi ntawm cov laug cam yog siab dua rau cov ntaub plaub tsiaj.
Lwm qhov tsis zoo ntawm Styrofoamyog tias nws tuaj yeem zom tau los ntawm nas thiab nas. Rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm aerated qhob tsev, tsis yog tshwj xeeb yog ntom polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv. Thiab nas tuaj yeem gnaw los ntawm cov phiaj no yooj yim heev.
Qee tus tswv ntawm lub tsev nyob hauv lub tebchaws qee zaum nug, piv txwv li, ntawm cov rooj sib tham tshwj xeeb, seb nws puas tuaj yeem thaiv lub tsev los ntawm sab nraud nrog npuas. Nyob rau hauv txoj cai, lub insulating zoo ntawm xws li ib tug khoom yog zoo heev. Lub degree ntawm vapor permeability kuj yog siab heev. Nws raug tso cai siv rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm aerated pob zeb phab ntsa. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg tsim khoom paub txog tseem tsis pom zoo siv cov khoom no rau kev rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud.
Styrofoam tsis kim dhau. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis txawv nyob rau hauv particular durability. Tsis tas li ntawd, xws li daim hlau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qib siab ntawm friability. Thiab yog li ntawd, nws yuav yooj yim heev rau nas mus gnaw los ntawm lawv.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm facade ntawm lub tsev los ntawm sab nraud: uas polystyrene ua npuas ncauj xaiv
Thaum muas xws li cov khoom siv rau insulating aerated pob zeb phab ntsa, koj yuav tsum xub txiav txim siab nws thickness. Kev suav hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog ua los ntawm kev xav txog qhov ntom ntom ntawm polystyrene nthuav dav thiab qhov chaw ntawm "dew point".
Feem ntau, thaum tsim lub tsev aerated qhob, hom rwb thaiv tsev no yog siv nrog lub thickness ntawm 10 cm thiab qhov ceev ntawm 10 kg / m 3. Thaum siv cov khoom siv zoo li no, lub tsev tau zoo rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm qhov txias thiab tib lub sijhawm "dua taw tes" raug tshem tawm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov npuas npuas (D500 300 mm tuab).
Pros of ecowool
Cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov khoom no tsawg heev. Ntawd yog, kom insulate lub tsev, suav nrog los ntawm aerated qhob, nrog nwsdaim ntawv thov tuaj yeem ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Lub undoubted zoo ntawm no insulator tuaj yeem, tau kawg, suav nrog nws cov phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Qhov rwb thaiv tsev no yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tsim uas muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
Qhov zoo ntawm ecowool, ntawm lwm yam, suav nrog:
- moisture resistance;
- muaj peev xwm "ua pa";
- microbial resistance.
Thaum siv ecowool, nws tsis tas yuav tsum siv vapor barriers. Hauv cov phab ntsa, suav nrog cov pob zeb aerated, cov dej noo tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum siv cov khoom zoo li no.
Zoo li cov pob zeb ntxhia, ecowool yog hluav taws kub. Qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, kuj tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau nws qhov txiaj ntsig tsis muaj xwm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom no kuj yog hypoallergenic.
Khoom tsis zoo
Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas insulate ib lub tsev aerated qhob los ntawm sab nraud, ecowool zoo heev. Tab sis tau kawg, cov khoom no, zoo li lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev, muaj qee yam tsis zoo.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm ecowool, piv nrog cov insulators tau piav qhia saum toj no, yog qhov nyuaj hauv kev teeb tsa. Aerated qhob tsev yog insulated siv cov khoom no tsuas yog los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas insulate lub aerated qhob tsev los ntawm sab nraud nrog eco-wool kom raug yog ib tug theej nyuaj technology.
Cov khoom no yog siv rau cov phab ntsa aerated los ntawm kev txau. Tsuas yog qee zaum thaum sivntawm cov khoom zoo li no tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej technology. Tab sis cov txheej txheem no kuj nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub cladding yog maj mounted ntawm lub facades, pib los ntawm hauv qab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ecowool tau maj mam ntim ntawm nws thiab cov phab ntsa.
Thaum raug kub hnyiab, ecowool tsis tawg. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom me me ntawm cov khoom no muaj peev xwm ua rau smoldering. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau tshuaj tsuag ecowool nyob ze ntawm lub qhov cub ua hauj lwm thiab qhov cub, piv txwv li. Lwm qhov tsis zoo me me ntawm cov khoom siv no yog lub sijhawm ziab kom qhuav thaum siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua kua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txheej ntawm ecowool hardens nyob rau hauv txog ib hnub. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov rho tawm thaum kev tsim kho tau ua tiav ntawm qhov siab.
Yuav ua li cas lwm cov cua sov siv tau
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev aerated pob zeb, tsuas yog siv cov ntaub ntawv piav qhia saum toj no xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho cov tsev, ntxiv rau qhov tseeb facades, lub qab nthab, nrog rau lub ru tsev, feem ntau yog insulated. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntxhia wool los yog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog siv rau rwb thaiv tsev.
Cov av nplaum nthuav tau qee zaum siv los thaiv cov plag tsev. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb, yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab tus nqi qis. Ib qho me me ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog suav tias tsuas yog tias nws muaj peev xwm nqus tau noo noo. Thaum siv cov khoom no, nrog rau cov bas alt slabs, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom siv dej tsis zoo xwb.
