Pem teb rwb thaiv tsev ua rau nyob hauv ib lub tsev nyob hauv lub teb chaws zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem no, cov tswv ntawm lub tsev ntiav ntiav tau txais lub sijhawm los txuag cov cua sov hauv lub caij ntuj no. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov tsev hauv teb chaws. Tab sis ntau zaus, tag nrho cov txheej txheem no yog ua los ntawm cov ntxhia wool, polystyrene ua npuas ncauj lossis nthuav av nplaum. Tso cov ntaub ntawv no tau tso cai, tau kawg, suav nrog kev lag luam.
qauv hauv pem teb ntawm cav
Ntawm cov cav, cov plag tsev hauv qab ntawm lub teb chaws cov tsev tau sau nyob rau hauv feem ntau. Thiab yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm kev tsim kho ntawm cib los yog thaiv vaj tse, cov plag tsev tseem tuaj yeem nchuav, piv txwv li, nrog cov pob zeb, tom qab ntawd hauv cov tsev ntoo lawv yuav luag txhua zaus siv cov laug cam thiab ntoo. Cov plag tsev tau sib sau ua ke ntawm cov cav, feem ntau yog siv cov cuab yeej no:
- lub ntiaj teb no ua tib zoo compacted thiab leveled;
- installing luv luvcov ncej ua los ntawm cib lossis pob zeb;
- kis kab nrog dej tsis zoo;
- lay lags;
- plating cov kab teeb nrog boards.
Qhov no yog qhov tsim ntawm cov plag tsev ntawm cov cav hauv cov tsev ntiag tug. Lawv cov rwb thaiv tsev, yog tias tsim nyog, yog ua los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev los yog rov qab cov av nplaum nthuav dav ntawm cov kab teeb.
Kev siv cov ntaub plaub tsiaj ntxhia: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Nws yog nrog cov khoom siv no uas cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog cov cav ntoo lossis lub tsev pob zeb feem ntau tsim. Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntxhia wool, cov neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug suav nrog feem ntau nws cov nqi qis thiab yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Rau cov tsev ntoo, cov khoom no tsuas yog zoo meej vim nws yog fireproof.
Tso cov pob zeb hauv av slabs nruab nrab ntawm cov lags yuav tsis nyuaj txawm tias tus tsim tsis muaj kev paub dhau los. Tab sis thaum txhim kho cov khoom zoo li no, koj yuav tsum, ntawm chav kawm, ua raws qee yam thev naus laus zis. Qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm bas alt ntaub plaub yog tias nws ntshai dej. Yog tias cov phaj zoo li no saturated nrog noo noo, lawv yuav poob lawv cov yam ntxwv insulating.
Yog li ntawd, thaum tso cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv hydro- thiab vapor barrier. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tsim nyog yuav tsuas yog cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo rau cov phiaj xwm zoo li no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tso cov ntaub ntawv no nrog kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem tsim tawm.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov ntaub plaub tsiaj
Raws li txoj cai, cov ntaub ntawv tuab heev thaum insulating hauv pem teb raws cov cavtsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau yuav hauv ib lub tsev ntoo lossis pob zeb. Tom qab tag nrho, lub ntsiab load nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug qab nthab thaum lub sij hawm nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yuav poob rau ntawm beams lawv tus kheej. Ib qho ntxiv, cov ntaub plaub ntom ntom nti ntau heev khaws cia ua luaj.
Txawm li cas los xij, mos bas alt slabs rau hauv pem teb hauv qhov no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Raws li cov kev cai, cov ntxhia wool nrog qhov ceev ntawm 30-40 kg / m3 yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tso ntawm joists. Cov phaj no kuj pheej yig heev.
Feem ntau, cov khoom siv bas alt qib P-125 yog siv los thaiv cov plag tsev raws kab teeb. Koj tseem tuaj yeem yuav cov phiaj pheej yig dua P-75 rau lub hom phiaj no.
Lub thickness ntawm cov ntxhia wool rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov yam ntxwv climatic ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Rau cov cheeb tsam txias, lawv feem ntau yuav cov khoom siv tsawg kawg yog 150-200 hli. Hauv cov cheeb tsam sov ntawm lub teb chaws, paj rwb tuaj yeem siv thinner thiab pheej yig dua.
Hauv cheeb tsam txias, cov neeg tsim khoom paub txog qhia siv ob txheej ntawm cov ntaub plaub tsiaj los tiv thaiv hauv pem teb ntawm cov cav ntoo hauv tsev ntoo lossis pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, 100 mm khoom yog feem ntau yuav. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog nteg nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas cov phiaj ntawm lub sab sauv txheej ntawm lub seams ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm lub qis dua.
Qhov dav ntawm cov ntaub plaub tsiaj yog xaiv nyob ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov lags. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los mount cov khoom no nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov kab teeb los ntawm surprise. Feem ntau, cov ntxhia wool slabs muaj qhov dav ntawm 80 cmHauv tsev, feem ntau, nws nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm cov kab teeb nyob.
rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb raws cov cav nrog cov ntxhia wool: kev teeb tsa thev naus laus zis
Vim tias nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub teb chaws cov kab teeb nyob rau hauv feem ntau yog nteg rau posts, qhov deb ntawm av mus rau hauv pem teb nto yog feem ntau tseem ceeb. Sau tag nrho qhov chaw no nrog rwb thaiv tsev, ntawm chav kawm, tsis tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm pem teb yuav tig mus rau hauv ib tug txheej txheem uas yog unresonable kim kim.
Rau cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, hauv qhov no, cov qauv hauv pem teb yuav tsum tsuas yog nruab nrog kev txhawb nqa. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tuav 4-5 cm dav yog ntim rau ntawm cov cav nrog rau sab ntug ntawm lawv cov dav hlau ntsug raws tag nrho qhov ntev. Tom ntej no, cov ntaub thaiv npog tau muab tso rau ntawm lawv thiab tsau nrog rau tes los yog tus kheej tapping screws, piv txwv li, los ntawm cov khib nyiab. boards los yog plywood. Mineral wool slabs tau muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus tshwm sim yav tom ntej.
Yog li ntawd, xws li cov insulator tsis dampen, thaum insulating hauv pem teb ntawm lub lags, ua ntej txhim kho nws, boards los yog plywood boards yog ua tib zoo lined nrog ib tug waterproofing neeg sawv cev. Rau qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv, piv txwv li, ib zaj duab xis yas tuab lossis cov khoom siv vov tsev. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau nteg cov khoom no hauv ob txheej.
Nyob rau theem tom ntej, slabs ntawm cov ntxhia wool nws tus kheej yog mounted ntawm lub waterproofer ntawm lub lags. Nws tsis tas yuav txuas cov khoom no rau hauv lub hauv paus txhua txoj kev.
Tom qab cov pob zeb hauv av tau pw, mus rau nruab qhov vapor barrier. Cov khoom no yog kis tau los ntawm cov cav ntoo thiab paj rwb ntaub nrog ib qho sib tshooj ntawm 10-15 cm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pob qij txha raug kho nrog cov xim pleev xim.tape.
Nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb, hauv pem teb nws tus kheej yog mounted los ntawm cov laug cam los yog, piv txwv li, OSB boards. Tom qab ntawd nws tsuas yog tso qee cov khoom tiav xwb.
Qee nuances
Thaum insulating raws cov cav ntoo hauv tsev ntoo lossis pob zeb ntxhia ntaub plaub, thiab lwm yam, cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws:
- logs ua ntej rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntawm cov kab mob rot thiab ua tib zoo kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab nyiam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej;
- Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam txias, cov nplooj ntawv saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tau muab tso rau hauv ib txoj kev uas lawv sib tshooj ntawm cov txheej hauv qab yam tsawg kawg 10 cm.
Cov thev naus laus zis tau piav qhia saum toj no yog siv rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev hauv cov tsev uas twb tau ua lawm. Thaum ua cov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub hauv paus qis ncaj qha thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho lub tsev, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv me ntsis. Cov ntxhia wool nws tus kheej thiab vapor barrier nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog mounted nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev. Cov dej tsis sib haum yog muab tso rau hauv pem teb txawm tias ua ntej tso lub cav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv zoo li no tau teeb tsa nrog kev sib tshooj ntawm cov phab ntsa yam tsawg 15 cm.
Cov ntawv teev thaum siv cov cuab yeej no yog tias hauv pem teb yuav tsis raug rau cov khoom hnyav dhau los yav tom ntej, tsis txuas nrog cov ntawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub waterproofer yuav tiv thaiv lub rwb thaiv tsev zoo dua.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev siv Styrofoam thiab Styrofoam
Nrog rau kev siv cov khoom zoo li no, cov plag tsev hauv lub teb chaws feem ntau yog insulated raws cov screed. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaumCov ntawv ua npuas ncauj kuj tseem siv tau los thaiv hauv pem teb raws cov cav. Hauv qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog tuab thiab ruaj khov polystyrene ua npuas ncauj, tab sis txawm softer thiab tsis yooj yim dua ua npuas ncauj yas.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov khoom siv no es tsis txhob siv cov ntaub plaub ntxhia thaum lub tsev tsim, piv txwv li, ntawm qhov chaw ntub dej heev. Tsis zoo li bas alt slabs, foamed ya raws tsis ntshai. Qhov zoo ntawm cov cua sov no kuj suav nrog kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Txhim kho Styrofoam yuav luag yooj yim li txhim kho cov ntaub plaub tsiaj.
Hais txog kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig, cov khoom siv bas alt, raws li ntau tus tsim, kuj zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov cub ntawm hom no yuav tsis ua mob rau cov neeg nyob hauv tsev tsuas yog siv qhov kub tsis dhau. Thaum cua sov, cov khoom no hmoov tsis zoo pib tso tshuaj lom styrene.
Tus nqi ntawm cov npuas npuas yog siab dua li cov ntaub plaub. Kev rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb raws cov cav nrog ua npuas ncauj yas lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Qhov no, tau kawg, tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv.
Tsis tas li, qhov rho tawm ntawm cov phiaj xwm no yog qhov tseeb tias lawv tuaj yeem txav thiab npaj zes rau nas thiab nas. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov mos mos ua npuas ncauj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov tsev uas muaj nas, nws yog zoo dua tsis txhob siv no hom insulator.
Pem teb rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov cav ntoo hauv chav da dej lossis sauna feem ntau kuj tau ua los ntawm kev nthuav dav polystyrene. Mineral wool yeej tsis siv hauv cov tsev li no. Versatility ntawm daim ntawv thov, yog li, ntawm chav kawm, thiabtuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov pluses ntawm cov ntawv ua npuas ncauj.
Rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb raws cov cav nrog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj: xaiv cov khoom
Styrofoam pem teb nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws niaj hnub no tsis tshua muaj insulated. Cov khoom no, hmoov tsis, yog luv luv. Feem ntau, cov neeg tsim khoom ntiag tug tseem siv polystyrene ua npuas ncauj cais hauv pem teb, nrog rau cov cav ntoo. Cov khoom no muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab siv sijhawm ntev.
Raws li cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, nws tsis tas yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv ua npuas ncauj uas tuab heev rau kev tso ntawm joists. Feem ntau xws li cov khoom yog mounted ntawm cov kab teeb tsis ntau tshaj 15 kg / m 3.
Rau cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv tsev hauv cov tsev uas ua rau thaj tsam txias, 10 cm tuab polystyrene ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog xaiv thiab muab tso rau hauv ob txheej. Rau cov tsev tsim tsa hauv thaj chaw sov, nws raug tso cai siv cov khoom siv 15 cm nrog tso rau hauv ib txheej.
Installation thev naus laus zis
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho cov npuas dej ntawm cov joists thaum insulating hauv pem teb tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tso cov pob zeb hauv av. Txawm hais tias nthuav dav polystyrene tsis ntshai ntawm ya raws, nws tseem pom zoo kom siv hydro thiab vapor barriers thaum siv nws. Nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev dampening, kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav mus sai.
Nthuav polystyrene yog ntsia ntawm cov cav, feem ntau yog siv cov cuab yeej no:
- cov khoom txhawb nqa tau ntim rau ntawm kab teeb raws ntug hauv qab;
- mounted plank draft base;
- kev ua kom tsis muaj dej;
- cov nplooj ntawv ntawm nthuav dav polystyrene lawv tus kheej yog mounted;
- vapor barrier zaj duab xis raug ncab;
- Tag nrho pem teb boards yog mounted;
- Tiav sheathing los yog cov khoom muag tau nteg.
Kev siv cov thev naus laus zis no ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb nrog cov yas ua npuas dej ntawm cov lags ua rau lub tsev nyob zoo dua. Insulates chav los ntawm qhov txias, cov khoom siv no feem ntau zoo dua li cov ntaub plaub ntxhia.
Installation nuances
Tsis zoo li cov ntaub plaub ntxhia, nthuav polystyrene thiab polystyrene yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, tom qab tso cov phiaj no, qhov khoob feem ntau nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab cov kab teeb. Txhawm rau kom cov rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb raws cov cav nrog polystyrene ua npuas ncauj lossis polystyrene ua npuas ncauj kom ua tau raws li qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo li qhov ua tau, cov khoob khoob, tau kawg, yuav tsum raug kaw.
Ua ntej txhim kho lub vapor barrier, qhov khoob ntawm qhov nthuav dav polystyrene daim hlau thiab cov cav yuav tsum tau tshuab tawm, piv txwv li, nrog mounting ua npuas ncauj. Thaum cov khoom no hardens, nws cov khoom uas tawm los yog txiav tawm nrog ib tug ntse riam.
Kev siv cov av nplaum nthuav dav: qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Feem ntau, raws li peb pom, nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, cov ntxhia wool tseem siv los insulate hauv pem teb raws cov cav. Yav dhau los, nthuav av nplaum tau siv rau lub hom phiaj no feem ntau. Cov khoom siv no yog siv los thaiv cov plag tsev los ntawm qhov txias qee zaum niaj hnub no. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav suav nrog:
- cheap;
- zoo heev thermal rwb thaiv tsevzoo;
- lub yuag thiab yog li yooj yim thauj;
- kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa.
Cov khoom siv no yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, nthuav av nplaum yog superior rau ob qho tib si nthuav polystyrene thiab ntxhia ntaub plaub. Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom no muaj xws li durability. Xws li rwb thaiv tsev hauv pem teb yuav kav ntev npaum li lub tsev nws tus kheej yuav siv.
Qee qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav yog lub peev xwm nqus dej noo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no suav nrog qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los nrhiav nws ntawm kev muag.
Yuav nthuav av nplaum xaiv
Siv rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev raws li cov cav, cov khoom no feem ntau yog sib npaug nrog cov qauv porous ntawm 5 mus rau 40 hli. Xws li cov av nplaum nthuav dav belongs rau pawg pob zeb. Qee zaum nthuav av nplaum xuab zeb kuj tseem siv los thaiv hauv pem teb nrog kab teeb. Qhov loj me me ntawm cov khoom siv loj hauv feem ntau tsis tshaj 5 hli. Feem ntau, kev sib xyaw ntawm pob zeb thiab xuab zeb ntawm ntau hom no kuj tseem siv los ua kom sov hauv pem teb.
Nthuav cov av nplaum crushed pob zeb, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov npoo tsis sib xws, yog xyaum tsis siv rau backfilling ntawm lags. Cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb sib xyaw. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem, ntawm chav kawm, ntxiv me ntsis crushed pob zeb ntawm no ntau yam rau nthuav av nplaum sib tov ntawm gravel thiab xuab zeb.
Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov ntoo hauv pem teb nrog nthuav av nplaum ntawm cov lags yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los ua kom muaj kev nplij siab hauv tsev. Tab sis xws li cov khoom, raws li twb tau hais lawm, tuaj yeemnqus dej noo. Kev lag luam niaj hnub no kuj tsim cov av nplaum-resistant nthuav dav. Granules ntawm cov khoom no yog them nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb dej-repellent muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm hais tias cov av nplaum zoo li no kim dua li niaj zaus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv rau hauv pem teb rwb thaiv tsev.
Backfill technology
Raws li kev siv cov ntaub plaub los yog nthuav cov polystyrene, hauv pem teb yog insulated nrog nthuav av nplaum raws cov cav siv cov cuab yeej yooj yim. Lub hauv paus txheej txheem nyob rau hauv qab ntug ntawm kab teeb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsis khoom. Nws raug nquahu kom nruab cov av nplaum nthuav dav thaum insulating cov plag tsev nrog txheej txheej tsawg kawg 40 cm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua raws li cov xwm txheej no, tau kawg, nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub tebchaws.
Ua ntej rov ua cov av nplaum ntxiv, cov av hauv av yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo compacted. Tom ntej no, cov av yuav tsum tau them nrog xuab zeb cushion. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem hla cov kauj ruam no yog tias koj xav tau. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv vov tsev los yog ib zaj duab xis tuab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv av lossis hauv ncoo. Nws yog ntshaw kom waterproof lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv nthuav av nplaum nyob rau hauv ob txheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv dej tsis muaj dej yuav tsum tau muab tso nrog kev sib tshooj ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov strips tsawg kawg yog 10-15 cm.
Tom qab tso dej tsis zoo, koj tuaj yeem pib insulating hauv pem teb nrog nthuav av nplaum ntawm cov lags. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov thoob loj. Tom qab cov av nplaum nthuav dav tau pw, ib qho vapor barrier yog rub hla nws thiab lub cav. strips ntawm cov khoom no, xws li nrog rau lwm hom rwb thaiv tsev, yog txuas rau ib leeg siv daim kab xev npog.
Usefulnthuav cov av nplaum rwb thaiv tsev tswv yim
Qee zaum hauv Is Taws Nem koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov lus pom zoo kom sib xyaw cov khoom siv ntau thaum insulating hauv pem teb nrog pob zeb. Cov kws tsim txuj ci tsis qhia ua qhov no. Yuav tsis muaj kev thauj khoom hauv pem teb nrog kab teeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo li no thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev yav tom ntej. Thaum siv cov pob zeb, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov av nplaum nthuav dav ua lub rhaub dej, hmoov tsis, yuav txo qis.
Yog tias cov av hauv qab lub tsev yog pob zeb, ua ntej tso cov dej tsis sib haum rau hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev ntau, nws muaj peev xwm, nrog rau lwm yam, yuav tsum tau ntim nrog pob zeb screed. Qhov no yuav zam kev puas tsuaj rau lub ru tsev xav lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab waterproofing ntawm cov pob zeb. Lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov khoob hauv cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib tug screed nrog ib tug tuab ntawm tsawg kawg yog 2-3 cm yuav tsum tau poured rau hauv av nyob rau hauv lub lags. cement / muab tub lim raws li 1 txog 4-5.
