Hauv kev tsim kho niaj hnub no, cov kab hlau feem ntau siv, uas yog kev txhawb nqa rau sab nraud thiab sab hauv ntawm lub tsev. Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj lawv, vim lawv tsim ib qho kev txhawb nqa. Cov qauv hlau siv ntau zaus, vim tias lawv txawv ntawm lub zog siab thiab yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa. Qee tus neeg tsim qauv siv lawv ua cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm cov tsev lossis ib chav.
Cov ntsiab lus
Txhua cov kab hlau muaj ntau qhov chaw: lub taub hau, pas nrig thiab hauv paus. Lub taub hau - lub sab sauv uas siv lub nra ntawm lub ru tsev thiab hloov mus rau tus pas nrig. Thaum xam nws, tsis yog tsuas yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob txhawb nqa, trusses, tab sis kuj tseem suav nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lawv cov fastening.
Nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kem muaj ib tug pas nrig uas hloov lub load mus rau hauv paus (pem). Thaum xam nws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub uniform stability ntawm kev txhawb nqa, uas yog, sib npaugyooj txheeb ze rau axes ntawm ntu. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tau txais kev tsim qauv ruaj khov. Cov khoom muaj zog yuav tsum tau ntxiv nrog cov stiffeners.
Base - lub hauv paus ntawm cov qauv, uas hloov tag nrho cov load rau hauv lub hauv paus. Nws kuj tseem xav tau rau kev txhim kho kev txhawb nqa. Thaum xam lub hauv paus, qhov tuab thiab thaj tsam ntawm qhov kev txhawb nqa, nrog rau cov khoom siv hauv paus raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Ntau yam
Cov khoom tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov duab sib txawv los ntawm nws, txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov kab hlau muaj ib ntu nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm I-beam, duab plaub lossis cov yeeb nkab puag ncig. Ntu qhov ntev yog xam los ntawm kev suav lub zog (feem ntau compressive) thiab ruaj khov. Cov yam ntxwv kawg yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj kev sib txuas, ib nrab ntawm cov ntoo racks, thiab lwm yam.
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim, cov kab ntawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov tsis tu ncua, nce qib thiab sib xyaw seem. Cov qauv ntawm ntu tas mus li yog ib tus pas nrig, uas yog siv rau hauv cov tsev tsis muaj teeb meem, warehouses thiab hangars. Cov khoom siv nrog lub peev xwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm 20 tons tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm nws.
Cov kab ke kauj ruam yog tsim los rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv nrog lub peev xwm nqa tau ntau dua 20 tons. Vim yog cov ntu tshwj xeeb, lawv cov bending txhav tau nce thiab ruaj khov yog txhim kho. Qhov kev tsim no muaj ob ceg kabmob: lub ntsiab thiab crane.
Cov kab hlau sib xyaw tsis tshua siv, thiab tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom sib txawv (xws li cov axis). Lawv xav tau rau:
- kev teeb tsa ntawm cranes ntawm qhov siab qis;
- kev teeb tsa ntawm cranes hauv ob pebtiers;- reconstruction of buildings.
Scope of application
Cov kab hlau yog qhov xav tau vim lawv tus nqi qis, kev yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa, yooj yim ntawm docking, me me. Ntau qhov zoo tso cai rau lawv siv rau kev tsim kho ntawm:
- cov tsev lag luam (piv txwv li, kev cob qhia);
- cov vaj tse hauv pej xeem (cov tsev ntau lub tsev rau ntau lub hom phiaj);- loj-ntev txheej thiab txuas hniav.
- cov tsev uas xav tau kev tsim tshwj xeeb (lub peev xwm kom tau txais cov qauv tsim vaj tsev sib txawv).
Xaiv cov qauv
Ua ntej koj txhim kho cov qauv hlau, koj yuav tsum ua lawv suav tag nrho. Rau kev tsim kho ntawm cov ncej hlau, monolithic stepped bases tsis muaj tsom iav feem ntau yog siv. Txhawm rau xam cov qauv, koj yuav tsum tau sau tag nrho cov khoom thauj, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab tus lej, qhov loj ntawm kev txhawb nqa, kev txhawb nqa thiab qhov tob. Hauv qhov no, txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov av (qhov denser nws yog, qhov tsawg racks yuav xav tau).
Kev suav yuav tsum tau ua kom cov khoom thauj los ntawm cov qauv faib sib npaug hauv av. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog qhov no, koj tuaj yeem npaj lub hauv ncoo muaj zog (ua los ntawm cov xuab zeb lossis pob zeb). Thaum lub peev xwm ntawm lub hauv paus thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsev paub, tag nrho cov hneev taw ntawm lub hauv paus yog yooj yim xam. Thiab ces qhov load ntawm txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa yog xam.
Lub hauv paus rau kab hlau sib txawv ntawm lub hauv paus ib txwm nyob rau hauv uas txhua yam ua haujlwmsib nrug ntawm lwm tus. Lawv tsis txuas nrog txhua txoj hauv kev, yog li tsim qhov yuam kev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tag nrho lub tsev.
tsim lub hauv paus
Cov hauv paus no tsis muaj khob thiab tau nruab nrog thauj tog rau nkoj bolts tuav lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom. Lawv sab saum toj yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub thav duab lub caij thiab qhov kawg ntawm lub anchors yog them los ntawm pem teb. Yog hais tias lub installation ntawm txhua kab nrog lub hauv paus tob ntawm yam tsawg kawg yog 4 m, ces precast qhob ncej yuav siv tau. Qhov qis kawg ntawm qhov tsim no yog tsau rau hauv ib lub khob, thiab sab saud yog nruab nrog anchors.
Cov racks uas nyob ib sab yuav xav tau ib lub hauv paus, txawm tias muaj cov hlau thiab cov pob zeb ua vaj tse nyob ze. Tus tsim txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub thav duab ntsiab yog guaranteed los ntawm qhov tseeb installation ntawm anchors, thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhov siab yog guaranteed los ntawm kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus nto.
Kev txhim kho kab
Mounting ntawm cov qauv hlau yuav tsum tau ua kom cov axial sib txawv tsis ntau tshaj qhov tau tso cai los ntawm SNiP (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau milled nto). Cov kab yooj yim yog ntsia tag nrho, thaum cov hnyav hnyav tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm cov khoom siv. Txhawm rau mount, lawv yuav tsum tau ntes, nqa, nqa mus rau kev txhawb nqa, ua kom zoo thiab ruaj ntseg. Txhawm rau ntes cov qauv, slings yog siv, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub yog muab tso rau (piv txwv li, ua los ntawm ntoo). Kev nqa yog ua los ntawm kev tig los yog zawv zawg.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txhawb lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus (cov kab ntawm cov kab hlau tuaj yeem pom hauv qab):
- ntawm nws qhov chaw tsis muajgrout, - ntawm cov hlau phaj nrog grout; - ntawm kab, ntsia hlau (yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus grout).
Hauv kev xyaum, siv txoj hauv kev yooj yim dua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov khau yog mounted rau steel pads welded ua ke thiab fastened mus rau hauv qab ntawm txhua kab. Thaum cov txheej txheem raug teeb tsa thiab kho, lawv tau nchuav nrog mortar.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm kab yuav tsum ua tib zoo sib dhos nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej geodetic thiab cov kav dej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv cov qhab nia, verticality thiab txoj haujlwm hauv txoj kev npaj raug kuaj xyuas. Thauj tog rau nkoj bolts yog siv los khi cov qauv: koj yuav xav tau 2-4 pcs. rau txhua kab mus txog 15 m siab. Qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv yuav muab los ntawm cov hlua khi, uas raug tshem tawm tom qab kho zaum kawg. Cov ntsiab lus siab dua yog ntxiv dag zog nrog spacers, ib ntus ties thiab struts. Txhawm rau kom tau txais ib lub thav duab ruaj khov, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txhim kho cov kab ke nrog cov kab hluav taws xob crane.
